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Targeting the viral Achilles' heel: recognition of 5'-triphosphate RNA in innate anti-viral defence.

ABSTRACT: Some RNA virus genomes bear 5'-triphosphates, which can be recognized in the cytoplasm of infected cells by host proteins that mediate anti-viral immunity. Both the innate sensor RIG-I and the interferon-induced IFIT proteins bind to 5'-triphosphate viral RNAs. RIG-I signals for induction of interferons during RNA virus infection while IFITs sequester viral RNAs to exert an anti-viral effect. Notably, the structures of these proteins reveal both similarities and differences, which are suggestive of independent evolution towards ligand binding. 5'-triphosphates, which are absent from most RNAs in the cytosol of uninfected cells, are thus a marker of virus infection that is targeted by the innate immune system for both induction and execution of the anti-viral response.

SUBMITTER: Rehwinkel J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7185528 | biostudies-literature | 2013 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Targeting the viral Achilles' heel: recognition of 5'-triphosphate RNA in innate anti-viral defence.

Rehwinkel Jan J Reis e Sousa Caetano C

Current opinion in microbiology 20130523 4

Some RNA virus genomes bear 5'-triphosphates, which can be recognized in the cytoplasm of infected cells by host proteins that mediate anti-viral immunity. Both the innate sensor RIG-I and the interferon-induced IFIT proteins bind to 5'-triphosphate viral RNAs. RIG-I signals for induction of interferons during RNA virus infection while IFITs sequester viral RNAs to exert an anti-viral effect. Notably, the structures of these proteins reveal both similarities and differences, which are suggestive ...[more]

PMID: 23707340

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Dataset Information

Targeting the viral Achilles' heel: recognition of 5'-triphosphate RNA in innate anti-viral defence.

Publications

Targeting the viral Achilles' heel: recognition of 5'-triphosphate RNA in innate anti-viral defence.

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