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IL10 deficiency promotes alveolar enlargement and lymphoid dysmorphogenesis in the aged murine lung.

ABSTRACT: The connection between aging-related immune dysfunction and the lung manifestations of aging is poorly understood. A detailed characterization of the aging IL10-deficient murine lung, a model of accelerated aging and frailty, reconciles features of both immunosenescence and lung aging in a coherent model. Airspace enlargement developed in the middle-aged (12 months old) and aged (20-22 months old) IL10-deficient lung punctuated by an expansion of macrophages and alveolar cell apoptosis. Compared to wild-type (WT) controls, the IL10-deficient lungs from young (4-month-old) mice showed increased oxidative stress which was enhanced in both genotypes by aging. Active caspase 3 staining was increased in the alveolar epithelial cells of aged WT and mutant lungs but was greater in the IL10-deficient milieu. Lung macrophages were increased in the aged IL10-deficient lungs with exuberant expression of MMP12. IL10 treatment of naïve and M2-polarized bone marrow-derived WT macrophages reduced MMP12 expression. Conditioned media studies demonstrated the secretome of aged mutant macrophages harbors reduced AECII prosurvival factors, specifically keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), promotes cell death, and reduces survival of primary alveolar epithelial cells. Compared to WT controls, aged IL10-deficient mice have increased parenchymal lymphoid collections comprised of a reduced number of apoptotic cells and B cells. We establish that IL10 is a key modulator of airspace homeostasis and lymphoid morphogenesis in the aging lung enabling macrophage-mediated alveolar epithelial cell survival and B-cell survival within tertiary lymphoid structures.

SUBMITTER: Malinina A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7189990 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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IL10 deficiency promotes alveolar enlargement and lymphoid dysmorphogenesis in the aged murine lung.

Malinina Alla A Dikeman Dustin D Westbrook Reyhan R Moats Michelle M Gidner Sarah S Poonyagariyagorn Hataya H Walston Jeremy J Neptune Enid R ER

Aging cell 20200314 4

The connection between aging-related immune dysfunction and the lung manifestations of aging is poorly understood. A detailed characterization of the aging IL10-deficient murine lung, a model of accelerated aging and frailty, reconciles features of both immunosenescence and lung aging in a coherent model. Airspace enlargement developed in the middle-aged (12 months old) and aged (20-22 months old) IL10-deficient lung punctuated by an expansion of macrophages and alveolar cell apoptosis. Compared ...[more]

PMID: 32170906

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Project description:Abstract: Interleukin-10-deficient (Il10-/-) mice serve as a model for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The severity of colitis strongly depends on the inbred strain carrying the disrupted Il10 gene: C3H/HeJBir (C3) confers disease susceptibility, whereas C57BL/6J (B6) confers resistance. Genome-wide scans with microsatellite markers on segregrating backcross and F2 populations resulted in the detection of ten colitogenic quantitative trait loci (QTL). The aim of this study was to reduce the large number of candidate genes within the QTL intervals by identifying those genes which are located within the candidate gene intervals and which are differentially expressed in the colon of IBD-susceptible and -resistant strains. Using this combination of QTL mapping and microarray analysis, we identified 16 genes which were differentially expressed between B6- and C3-Il10-/- mice and were located within the candidate gene intervals. Three of these genes (Pla2g2a, Gbp1, Cd14) showed prominent differences in expression levels between B6- and C3-Il10-/- as well as between B6 and C3 wildtype mice and were considered to be major candidate genes. Pla2g2a and Gbp1 are known to be polymorphic between C3 and B6 mice. Expression data for Cd14 were confirmed by real-time RT PCR using specified pathogen free and germfree Il10-/- mice. In conclusion, the large number of candidate genes was reduced to three major candidates by using a combination of QTL mapping and microarray analysis. All three genes play an important role in inflammatory processes and immune response. Material & Methods: Two independent microarray experiments were performed using SPF mice: 19 for the first experiment (4 C3 WT [GSM39296], 5 C3-Il10-/- [GSM39297], 5 B6 WT [GSM39290], 5 B6-Il10-/- [GSM39291]) and 18 for the second (4 C3 WT [GSM39295], 4 C3-Il10-/- [GSM39294], 5 B6 WT [GSM39288], 5 B6-Il10-/- [GSM39289]). The mice were euthanized by cervical dislocation. Following a ventral midline incision, the colon (including the rectum, but not the anus) was removed and flushed with PBS. Each colon was opened longitudinally with a pair of scissors, further dissected and homogenized using a micropistill in 1.5 ml peqGOLD Trifast FL. RNA was isolated according to the manufacturer´s protocol, and quality was checked using RNA Nano LabChip® technology (Agilent, Böblingen, Germany). For each of the two array experiments, equal amounts (7 micro gram) of RNA were pooled from the four or five animals of each mouse strain, resulting in a total of eight samples. For biotin-labeled target synthesis starting from 3-5 µg of total RNA, reactions were performed using standard protocols supplied by the manufacturer (Affymetrix; Santa Clara, CA). Briefly, 3-5 µg total RNA were converted to dsDNA using 100 pmol of a T7T23V primer (Eurogentec; Seraing, Belgium) containing a T7 promoter. The cDNA was then used directly in an in-vitro transcription reaction in the presence of biotinylated nucleotides. The concentration of biotin-labeled cRNA was determined by UV absorbance. In all cases, 12.5 µg of each biotinylated cRNA preparation were fragmented and placed in a hybridization cocktail containing four biotinylated hybridization controls (BioB, BioC, BioD, and Cre) as recommended by the manufacturer. Samples were hybridized to an identical lot of Affymetrix MG U74Av2 for 16 hours. Data selection and transformation procedures. For normalization, all array experiments were scaled to a target intensity of 150, otherwise using the default values of the Microarray suite 5.0 (MAS 5.0). Filtering of the results was done as follows: Genes were considered as strong regulated if their fold change was greater than or equal 2 or less than or equal -2, the statistical parameter for a significant change was less than 0.01 (change p-Value for changes called Increased) or greater than 0.99 (change p-Value for changes called Decreased). Additionally, the signal difference of a certain gene was greater than 200. Genes were considered as weak regulated if their fold change was greater than or equal 1.5 or less than or equal -1.5, the statistical parameter for a significant change was less than 0.001 or greater than 0.999 and the signal difference of a certain gene was greater than 40. Keywords = Inflammatory Bowel Disease Keywords = IBD Keywords = interleukin-10 Keywords = microarray Keywords = mice Keywords = quantitative trait locus Keywords = QTL Keywords = susceptibility Keywords: parallel sample

Project description:Mechanical ventilation is an essential lifesaving therapy in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) that may cause ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) through a positive feedback between altered alveolar mechanics, edema, surfactant inactivation, and injury. Although the biophysical forces that cause VILI are well documented, a knowledge gap remains in the quantitative link between altered parenchymal structure (namely alveolar derecruitment and flooding), pulmonary function, and VILI. This information is essential to developing diagnostic criteria and ventilation strategies to reduce VILI and improve ARDS survival. To address this unmet need, we mechanically ventilated mice to cause VILI. Lung structure was measured at three air inflation pressures using design-based stereology, and the mechanical function of the pulmonary system was measured with the forced oscillation technique. Assessment of the pulmonary surfactant included total surfactant, distribution of phospholipid aggregates, and surface tension lowering activity. VILI-induced changes in the surfactant included reduced surface tension lowering activity in the typically functional fraction of large phospholipid aggregates and a significant increase in the pool of surface-inactive small phospholipid aggregates. The dominant alterations in lung structure at low airway pressures were alveolar collapse and flooding. At higher airway pressures, alveolar collapse was mitigated and the flooded alveoli remained filled with proteinaceous edema. The loss of ventilated alveoli resulted in decreased alveolar gas volume and gas-exchange surface area. These data characterize three alveolar phenotypes in murine VILI: flooded and non-recruitable alveoli, unstable alveoli that derecruit at airway pressures below 5 cmH2O, and alveoli with relatively normal structure and function. The fraction of alveoli with each phenotype is reflected in the proportional changes in pulmonary system elastance at positive end expiratory pressures of 0, 3, and 6 cmH2O.

Dataset Information

IL10 deficiency promotes alveolar enlargement and lymphoid dysmorphogenesis in the aged murine lung.

Publications

IL10 deficiency promotes alveolar enlargement and lymphoid dysmorphogenesis in the aged murine lung.

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