Dataset Information

Population history in Okinawa based on JC virus and ALDH2 genotypes.

ABSTRACT: It is widely known that people in Okinawa originated from the Jomon people, and are generally tolerant to alcohol. However, some individuals in mainland Japan lack alcohol tolerance due to a mutation in the human mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) gene. Furthermore, the JC virus (JCV) genotype MY, which is related to the Jomon people, has not been found in Okinawa. In this study, to analyze the origin of the Okinawan people, we investigated the relationship between the JCV genotype and ALDH2 genotype. We collected 108 JCV positive samples from Okinawa. Only CY genotype JCV, and not the MY genotype, was detected. Among JCV-positive samples, a variant of ALDH2 (Glu/Lys heterozygote) was detected in 31 samples (29%) and wild-type ALDH2 (Glu/Glu homozygote) was detected in 77 samples (71%). Another variant of ALDH2 (Lys/Lys homozygote) was not detected. Among carriers of CY genotype JCV, wild-type ALDH2 was much more frequent in people living in Okinawa than in mainland Japan (P?

SUBMITTER: Miyamori D

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7192937 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Population history in Okinawa based on JC virus and ALDH2 genotypes.

Miyamori Daisuke D Tanaka Yuka Y Ishikawa Noboru N Kitamura Tadaichi T Ikegaya Hiroshi H

Scientific reports 20200430 1

It is widely known that people in Okinawa originated from the Jomon people, and are generally tolerant to alcohol. However, some individuals in mainland Japan lack alcohol tolerance due to a mutation in the human mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) gene. Furthermore, the JC virus (JCV) genotype MY, which is related to the Jomon people, has not been found in Okinawa. In this study, to analyze the origin of the Okinawan people, we investigated the relationship between the JCV genotype a ...[more]

PMID: 32355181

Similar Datasets

Project description:Defective viruses, that are deficient in certain essential genes, are maintained in the population by trans-complementation, exploiting the gene products of complete genotypes in co-infected cells. This process becomes prevalent only when cells are frequently infected by several virus particles, and only then will the fitness of defective viruses be subjected to frequency-dependent selection. Deletion variants that are not infectious per os are present in a multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (SfMNPV, Baculoviridae) that infects the fall army worm, Spodoptera frugiperda. These variants enhance the pathogenicity and, therefore, the likelihood of transmission of the virus when co-infecting cells with complete genotypes, resulting in occlusion bodies (OBs) that may contain both genotypes co-occluded. Mixtures of complete (B) and defective (C) variants in ratios of 90% B+10% C, 50% B+50% C and 10% B+90% C were used to inoculate by injection S. frugiperda larvae. Viral OBs extracted from diseased insects were subjected to four or five successive rounds of per os infection. Following successive passages, genotype frequencies in all three experimental populations converged to a single equilibrium frequency comprising approximately 20% of deletion genotype C and approximately 80% of complete genotype B. This mirrors the relative proportions of deletion (22%) and complete (78%) genotypes observed in the wild-type SfMNPV population. The pathogenicity of experimental populations at the final passage was not significantly different from that of the wild-type isolate. In contrast, OBs of all genotype mixtures were significantly more pathogenic than OBs of genotype B alone. A population genetics model, in which virus populations were assigned linear frequency-dependent transmissibility values, was in remarkably close agreement to empirical data. Clearly, non-infectious deletion variants can profoundly affect the likelihood of transmission and the genetic structure and stability of virus populations.

Dataset Information

Population history in Okinawa based on JC virus and ALDH2 genotypes.

Publications

Population history in Okinawa based on JC virus and ALDH2 genotypes.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets