Dataset Information

Impact of Phellinus gilvus mycelia on growth, immunity and fecal microbiota in weaned piglets.

ABSTRACT: Background:Antibiotics are the most commonly used growth-promoting additives in pig feed especially for weaned piglets. But in recent years their use has been restricted because of bacterial resistance. Phellinus, a genus of medicinal fungi, is widely used in Asia to treat gastroenteric dysfunction, hemrrhage, and tumors. Phellinus is reported to improve body weight on mice with colitis. Therefore, we hypothesize that it could benefit the health and growth of piglets, and could be used as an alternative to antibiotic. Here, the effect of Phellinus gilvus mycelia (SH) and antibiotic growth promoter (ATB) were investigated on weaned piglets. Methods:A total of 72 crossbred piglets were randomly assigned to three dietary treatment groups (n = 4 pens per treatment group with six piglets per pen). The control group was fed basal diet; the SH treatment group was fed basal diet containing 5 g/kg SH; the ATB treatment group was feed basal diet containing 75 mg/kg aureomycin and 20 mg/kg kitasamycin. The experiment period was 28 days. Average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and feed intake to gain ratio were calculated. The concentrations of immunoglobulin G (IgG), interleukin-1? (IL-1?), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-? and myeloperoxidase (MPO) in serum were assessed. Viable plate counts of Escherichia coli in feces were measured. Fecal microbiota was analyzed via the 16S rRNA gene sequencing method. Results:The ADG (1-28 day) of piglets was significantly higher in SH and ATB treatment groups (P < 0.05) compared to the control, and the ADG did not show significant difference between SH and ATB treatment groups (P > 0.05). Both SH and ATB treatments increased the MPO, IL-1?, and TNF-? levels in serum compared to the control (P < 0.05), but the levels in SH group were all significantly higher than in the ATB group (P < 0.05). Fecal microbiological analysis showed that viable E. coli counts were dramatically decreased by SH and ATB. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis showed that ATB shifted the microbiota structure drastically, and significantly increased the relative abundance of Prevotella, Megasphaera, and Faecalibacterium genera. But SH slightly influenced the microbiota structure, and only increased the relative abundance of Alloprevotella genus. Conclusion:Our work demonstrated that though SH slightly influenced the microbiota structure, it markedly reduced the fecal E. coli population, and improved growth and innate immunity in piglets. Our finding suggested that SH could be an alternative to ATB in piglet feed.

SUBMITTER: Sun Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7194088 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Impact of <i>Phellinus gilvus</i> mycelia on growth, immunity and fecal microbiota in weaned piglets.

Sun Yuqing Y Zhong Shi S Deng Bo B Jin Qinsheng Q Wu Jie J Huo Jinxi J Zhu Jianxun J Zhang Cheng C Li Yougui Y

PeerJ 20200428

<h4>Background</h4>Antibiotics are the most commonly used growth-promoting additives in pig feed especially for weaned piglets. But in recent years their use has been restricted because of bacterial resistance. <i>Phellinus</i>, a genus of medicinal fungi, is widely used in Asia to treat gastroenteric dysfunction, hemrrhage, and tumors. <i>Phellinus</i> is reported to improve body weight on mice with colitis. Therefore, we hypothesize that it could benefit the health and growth of piglets, and c ...[more]

PMID: 32377455

Similar Datasets

Project description:Small-scale studies investigating the relationship between pigs' intestinal microbiota and growth performance have generated inconsistent results. We hypothesized that on farms under favorable environmental conditions (e.g., promoting sow nest-building behavior, high colostrum production, low incidence of diseases and minimal use of antimicrobials), the piglet gut microbiota may develop toward a population that promotes growth and reduces pathogenic bacteria. Using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, we sampled and profiled the fecal microbiota from 170 individual piglets throughout suckling and postweaning periods (in total 670 samples) to track gut microbiota development and its potential association with growth. During the suckling period, the dominant genera were Lactobacillus and Bacteroides, the latter being gradually replaced by Clostridium sensu scricto 1 as piglets aged. The gut microbiota during the nursery stage, not the suckling period, predicted the average daily growth (ADG) of piglets. The relative abundances of SCFA-producing genera, in particular Faecalibacterium, Megasphaera, Mitsuokella, and Subdoligranulum, significantly correlated with high ADG of weaned piglets. In addition, the succession of the gut microbiota in high-ADG piglets occurred faster and stabilized sooner upon weaning, whereas the gut microbiota of low-ADG piglets continued to mature after weaning. Overall, our findings suggest that weaning is the major driver of gut microbiota variation in piglets with different levels of overall growth performance. This calls for further research to verify if promotion of specific gut microbiota, identified here at weaning transition, is beneficial for piglet growth. IMPORTANCE The relationship between pigs' intestinal microbiota and growth performance is of great importance for improving piglets' health and reducing antimicrobial use. We found that gut microbiota variation is significantly associated with growth during weaning and the early nursery period. Importantly, transitions toward a mature gut microbiota enriched with fiber-degrading bacteria mostly complete upon weaning in piglets with better growth. Postponing the weaning age may therefore favor the development of fiber degrading gut bacteria, conferring the necessary capacity to digest and harvest solid postweaning feed. The bacterial taxa associated with piglet growth identified herein hold potential to improve piglet growth and health.

Project description:Gastrointestinal (GI) microbiota play an important role in promoting growth in piglets. However, studies on microbiota composition at various growth stages are lacking. We measured body weights of Jinfen White and Mashen piglets every 7 days and collected their fecal samples by rectal swabbing at nine time points during suckling (1-28 days) and nursery (35-70 days) stages to gain insight into microbiota variability during piglet growth. The fecal microbiota were characterized via 16S rRNA gene sequencing to analyze the effects of microbial diversity on piglet growth and development preliminarily. The results showed that although the two breeds of piglets have similar body weights at birth, weaned Jinfen White piglets demonstrated a significantly greater body weight and daily weight gain than weaned Mashen piglets (P < 0.01). A total of 1,976 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) belonging to 27 phyla and 489 genera were uncovered, in which the highest numbers of OTUs belong to the phyla Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. Lactobacillus, Bacteroides, and Prevotellaceae NK3B31 groups accounting for 12.4, 8.8, and 5.8% of OTUs, respectively, showed relatively high abundance at the genus level. Nine sampling time points were divided into three growth stages, namely, immediate postfarrowing (1 day old), suckling (7, 14, and 21 days old), and nursery (28, 35, 49, 63, and 70 days old), on the basis of the results of microbial diversity, principal coordinate, and co-occurrence network analyses. In addition, it identified 54 discriminative features in the microbiota between two breeds of piglets by LEfSe analysis, in which 17 genera enriched the microbiota community of Jinfen White piglets. Finally, abundances of 29 genera showed significant positive correlations with body weights and daily weight gain of piglets. Conversely, abundances of 12 genera demonstrated significant negative correlations with body weights of piglets. The results of our study will provide a theoretical basis for succession patterns in fecal microbiota of piglets and suggest the need for meticulous management of piglets in pig production.

Dataset Information

Impact of Phellinus gilvus mycelia on growth, immunity and fecal microbiota in weaned piglets.

Publications

Impact of <i>Phellinus gilvus</i> mycelia on growth, immunity and fecal microbiota in weaned piglets.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets