Long non-coding RNA RAMS11 promotes metastatic colorectal cancer progression.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Silva-Fisher JM
PROVIDER: S-EPMC7195452 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:The vital roles of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been implicated in growing number of studies in tumor development. LncRNA CCAT1 has been recognized as associated with tumor development, yet its relation with colorectal cancer (CRC) remains elusive. Our study aimed at elucidating the function and mechanisms of long non-coding RNA CCAT1 in CRC. From a lncRNA profile dataset of 38 pairs of matched tumor-control colon tissues from colorectal patients housed in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), we detected 10 upregulated and 10 down-regulated lncRNAs in CRC. Fifty cases of CRC patients were enrolled to analyze the correlation between the expression of CCAT1 and clinical pathology. The inverse correlation of expression and target relationship between CCAT1 and miR-181a-5p were verified using qRT-PCR and dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. Cell viability, colony formation ability, aggression and apoptosis were determined by MTT assay, colony formation assay, Transwell and wound healing assays and flow cytometry analysis. Furthermore, Xenograft model was used to show that knockdown of CCAT1 inhibits tumor growth in vivo. The expression of lncRNA CCAT1 was significantly upregulated in CRC tissues. The CCAT1 expression was positively associated with cancer stage (American Joint Committee on Cancer stage, P<0.05). CCAT1 promoted cell proliferation, growth and mobility by targeting miR-181a-5p and the silence of CCAT1 increased the cell apoptosis. Same effect was observed in an in vivo xenograft model, which the tumor size and pro-tumor proteins were significantly diminished by knocking down of CCAT1.
| S-EPMC7244037 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundColorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common digestive malignant tumors globally. Focally amplified lncRNA on chromosome 1 (FALEC) is a novel lncRNA that has been reported to be involved in many biological processes during carcinogenesis. However, its role in CRC remains poorly understood.MethodsGene expression at mRNA or protein level was measured by qRT-PCR or western blot, respectively. In vitro experiments including EdU, colony formation, flow cytometry, wound-healing and transwell assays, as well as in vivo xenograft experiment, were utilized to determine the functional role of FALEC in CRC. Relevant mechanical assays were performed to investigate the underlying molecular mechanism.ResultsFALEC was aberrantly up-regulated in CRC. FALEC knockdown could impair CRC cell proliferation, migration and invasion, whereas facilitate cell apoptosis. MiR-2116-3p was revealed to be sponged by FALEC. PIWIL1 was identified as the target of miR-2116-3p. Mechanically, FALEC restored the expression of PIWIL1 via absorbing miR-2116-3p. MiR-2116-3p inhibition and PIWIL1 enrichment could counteract the anti-tumor impact induced by silenced FALEC on the oncogenic behaviors of CRC cells.ConclusionOur study revealed that FALEC promoted CRC progression via restoring the expression of miR-2116-3p-targeted PIWIL1, suggesting the potential application of targeting FALEC in the treatment of CRC.
| S-EPMC7678929 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Increasing evidence suggests that aberrant long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are significantly correlated with the pathogenesis, development and metastasis of cancers. RHPN1 antisense RNA 1 (RHPN1-AS1) is a 2030-bp transcript originating from human chromosome 8q24. However, the role of RHPN1-AS1 in uveal melanoma (UM) remains to be clarified. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the molecular function of RHPN1-AS1 in UM. The RNA levels of RHPN1-AS1 in UM cell lines were examined using the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) were designed to quench RHPN1-AS1 expression, and UM cells stably expressing short hairpin (sh) RHPN1-AS1 were established. Next, the cell proliferation and migration abilities were determined using a colony formation assay and a transwell migration/invasion assay. A tumor xenograft model in nude mice was established to confirm the function of RHPN1-AS1 in vivo. RHPN1-AS1 was significantly upregulated in a number of UM cell lines compared with the normal human retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cell line. RHPN1-AS1 knockdown significantly inhibited UM cell proliferation and migration in vitro and in vivo. Our data suggest that RHPN1-AS1 could be an oncoRNA in UM, which may serve as a candidate prognostic biomarker and target for new therapies in malignant UM.
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Project description:BackgroundLong non-coding RNA H19 was demonstrated to be significantly correlated with tumor metastasis. However, the specific functions of H19 in colorectal cancer (CRC) metastasis and the underlying mechanism are still largely unclear.MethodsUse public database to screen the potential lncRNA crucial for metastasis in colorectal cancer. The expression of H19 in clinical CRC specimens was detected by qRT-PCR. The effect of H19 on the metastasis of CRC cells was investigated by transwell, wound healing assays, CCK-8 assays and animal studies. The potential proteins binding to H19 were identified by LC-MS and verified by RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP). The expression of indicated RNA and proteins were measured by qRT-PCR or western blot.ResultsWe found the expression of lncRNA H19 was significantly upregulated in primary tumor and metastatic tissues, correlated with poor prognosis in CRC. Ectopic H19 expression promoted the metastasis of colorectal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo, and induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Mechanistically, H19 directly bound to hnRNPA2B1. Knockdown of hnRNPA2B1 attenuated the H19-induce migration and invasion in CRC cells. Furthermore, H19 stabilized and upregulated the expression of Raf-1 by facilitated the interaction between hnRNPA2B1 and Raf-1 mRNA, resulting in activation of Raf-ERK signaling.ConclusionsOur findings demonstrate the role of H19/hnRNPA2B1/EMT axis in regulation CRC metastasis, suggested H19 could be a potential biomarker to predict prognosis as well as a therapeutic strategy for CRC.
| S-EPMC7412843 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Long non?coding RNA (lncRNA) small nucleolar RNA host gene 1 (SNHG1) was reported to be a critical regulator of tumorigenesis and is frequently deregulated in several cancer types. However, the exact mechanism by which SNHG1 contributes to breast cancer progression has not been fully elucidated. The identification of the molecular mechanism of SNHG1 is important for understanding the development of breast cancer and for improving the prognosis of the patients with this disease. In the present study, increased expression levels of SNHG1 were noted in breast cancer tumors following analysis of differentially expressed lncRNAs between 1,063 tumor and 102 normal tissues derived from The Cancer Genome Atlas Breast Invasive Carcinoma (TCGA?BRCA) dataset. This finding was further validated using 50 pairs of normal and tumor tissues that were collected from patients with breast cancer. Notably, SNHG1 expression was significantly correlated with estrogen receptor (ER)/progesterone receptor (PR) negative status (ER?/PR?) and advanced clinical stage in breast cancer tissues. Knockdown of SNHG1 led to cell growth arrest, cell cycle redistribution and cell migration inhibition of breast cancer cells. The miRDB database predicted that miR?573 interacts with SNHG1. RT?PCR confirmed the negative regulation of miR?573 levels by SNHG1 in breast cancer cells and the Dual?luciferase reporter assay confirmed their complementary binding. The repression of miR?573 by SNGH1 decreased LIM domain only 4 (LMO4) mRNA and protein expression levels in the breast cancer cell lines tested and induced the expression of cyclin D1 and cyclin E. In vitro experiments indicated that LMO4 overexpression could reverse siSNHG1?induced cell growth arrest, cell cycle redistribution and inhibition of cell migration in breast cancer cells. Moreover, the tumor xenograft model indicated that SNHG1 knockdown inhibited MDA?MB?231 growth in vivo and LMO4 overexpression reversed the tumor growth inhibition induced by SNHG1 knockdown. The present study demonstrated that SNHG1 acts as a novel oncogene in breast cancer via the SNHG/miR?573/LMO4 axis and that it could be a promising therapeutic target for patients with breast cancer.
| S-EPMC7107776 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are important biological factors that contribute to the initiation and progression of different types of cancer, including gastric, bladder and colorectal cancer. Small nucleolar RNA host gene 3 (SNHG3) has been implicated in prostate cancer (PCa) progression. However, the expression pattern and function of SNHG3 in PCa remain unclear, impeding the development of novel treatment strategies for this cancer. The present study aimed to investigate a combination of molecular and biochemical approaches to determine the role of SNHG3 in patients at different stages of disease, and elucidate the pathway by which SNHG3 affects PCa progression. A Cell Counting Kit-8 assay was used to assess cell proliferation. Transwell assays were used to analyze cell migration and invasion. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blotting were used to evaluate the expression levels of RNAs and proteins, respectively. The results demonstrated that SNHG3 expression was upregulated in PCa tissues downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas database, which was associated with poor prognosis. Furthermore, cell proliferation, migration and invasion were significantly inhibited following SNHG3 knockdown in vitro, the effects of which were reversed following overexpression of SNHG3 in PCa cells. Bioinformatic analysis revealed that microRNA (miRNA/miR)-1827 was a downstream target of SNHG3. The direct interaction between SNHG3 and miR-1827 was validated via the dual-luciferase reporter and RNA immunoprecipitation assays. Pearson's correlation analysis demonstrated that SNHG3 expression was negatively correlated with miR-1827 expression at different stages of PCa. Furthermore, rescue assays indicated that cotransfection with small interfering-SNHG3 and miR-1827 inhibitor reversed the effects of SNHG3 knockdown on cell proliferation, migration and invasion. In addition, SNHG3 knockdown in vivo suppressed tumor growth. Notably, lncRNA SNHG3 promoted PCa progression through miR-1827 via the Wnt/AKT/mTOR pathway. Taken together, the results of the present study suggest that SNHG3 promotes PCa progression by sponging miR-1827, indicating that SNHG3 may be a promising diagnostic and therapeutic target of PCa.
| S-EPMC9260729 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Long non‑coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified as key regulatory factors in various biological processes. Their dysregulation has been observed in several types of human cancer, including gastric cancer (GC). The aim of the present study was to investigate the putative roles of the lncRNA DQ786243 in the progression of GC, as well as evaluate its diagnostic and therapeutic potential in GC. The expression of DQ786243 in 82 pairs of GC tissues and adjacent healthy tissues, as well as in three GC cell lines and a human normal gastric epithelial cell line, was assessed using reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction. In addition, the putative correlation between the expression of DQ786243 and various clinicopathological features of GC was investigated. Furthermore, the effects of silencing DQ786243 in GC cells were examined using RNA interference. Colony formation and Cell Counting kit‑8 assays were used to evaluate the effects of DQ786243 on GC cell proliferation, and Transwell and wound healing assays were used to examine GC cell migration and invasion. The results of the present study demonstrated that the expression of DQ786243 was significantly upregulated in GC tissues and cell lines compared with healthy control tissues and cells. Correlation analysis revealed a significant association between the expression of DQ786243 and the TNM stage, tumor size, depth of invasion and presence of lymph node metastasis in patients with GC. Furthermore, silencing the DQ786243 was demonstrated to inhibit proliferation, and impair the migration and invasion of GC cells. The present results suggested that DQ786243 may function as an oncogenic regulator via promoting the proliferation and metastasis of GC cells. Therefore, DQ786243 may have potential as a novel biomarker for the diagnosis of GC, and may also be a promising candidate for the development of novel therapeutic approaches for the treatment of patients with GC.
| S-EPMC5646953 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundAccumulating evidences indicate that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in initiation and development of thyroid cancer. However, the underlying molecular mechanism remains elusive.MethodsTo explore potential oncogenic and tumor suppressive lncRNAs in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), we performed RNA sequencing to discover differentially expression lncRNAs between PTC tissues and matched normal tissues. RT-qPCR was used to validate differentially expressed lncRNAs. Bioinformatic analysis was performed to predicted potential miRNA and gene which might be regulated by MIAT. Cell proliferation, invasion and cycle assay were conducted to study the function of MIAT and LASP1 in PTC.ResultsThrough analysis of RNA sequencing, we observed that lncRNA-MIAT was overexpressed in PTC tissues. The upregulation of MIAT was further confirmed in 40 pairs of PTC tissues and normal tissues we collected. In the function assays, results suggested that MIAT silencing led to inhibition of cell proliferation, invasion and disruption of cell cycle progression in PTC cells. Mechanistically, MIAT directly bound to miR-324-3p and upregulated LASP1 expression in PTC cells. In addition, expression of MIAT was positively correlated with LASP1 mRNA expression in samples collected from patients with PTC. More importantly, transfection of recombinant LASP1 attenuated MIAT silencing induced inhibition of cell proliferation, invasion and disruption of cell cycle progression in PTC cells.ConclusionsIn conclusion, the findings suggest that lncRNA-MIAT may promote PTC proliferation and invasion through physically binding miR-324-3p and upregulation of LASP1.
| S-EPMC6659215 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundLong non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as important regulators of human cancers. However, the functional roles of lncRNAs and the mechanisms responsible for their aberrant expression in gastric cancer (GC) have not been well characterized.MethodsIn this study, we examined the expression of lncRNA UFC1 in GC by qRT-PCR and explored its correlation with clinicopathological parameters. In vitro cell functional assays and in vivo animal studies were performed to determine the roles of UFC1 in GC progression.ResultsUFC1 was elevated and predicted poorer prognosis in GC. UFC1 knockdown inhibited while UFC1 overexpression promoted GC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. UFC1 bound to miR-498 to antagonize its tumor suppressive effect on Lin28b. Suppression of Lin28b by miR-498 could be rescued by UFC1 overexpression, whereas Lin28b overexpression partially rescued UFC1 knockdown-mediated inhibition of GC cell function. Lin28b expression was increased in GC and suggested a co-expression pattern with UFC1.ConclusionsUFC1 has a promoting role in GC progression, at least in part, by acting as a miR-498 sponge and derepressing Lin28b expression, which would provide a novel biomarker for GC diagnosis and prognosis and offer a potential target for GC therapy.
| S-EPMC6029056 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Advanced gallbladder cancer (GBC) is one of the most malignant of all types of biliary tract cancers that is associated with poor prognosis and high mortality. Accumulating evidence suggest that the B7 family of proteins serve an essential role in various types of cancers, including GBC. However, the potential function and regulatory mechanism of human endogenous retrovirus‑H long terminal repeat‑associating protein 2 (HHLA2; also known as B7‑H7 or B7H5) in GBC remain poorly understood. In the present study, immunohistochemistry was used to examine the expression pattern of HHLA2 in samples from 89 patients with GBC. The possible association between HHLA2 expression and the clinicopathological parameters, including prognosis, were then assessed. Using lentiviruses, overexpression of HHLA2 plasmid or short‑hairpin RNA (shRNA) of HHLA2 were transfected into GBC‑SD cells to overexpress or knock down HHLA2 expression, respectively. The effects of HHLA2 overexpression and knockdown on the epithelial‑mesenchymal transition (EMT) process on GBC‑SD cells were measured by the western blotting and immunofluorescence staining of collagen I, N‑cadherin, E‑cadherin, vimentin and α‑SMA. By contrast, changes in cell proliferation were measured using EdU assay. Cell invasion and migration were assessed using Transwell and wound‑healing assays, respectively. In addition, a xenograft mouse model was established to evaluate the tumorigenic ability of the GBC cell line in vivo after stable transfection with lentivirus for HHLA2 overexpression or shRNA for HHLA2 knockdown. The regulatory relationships among TGF‑β1, long non‑coding RNA (lncRNA) H19 (H19) and HHLA2 were then investigated. The mRNA expression of lncRNA H19 were assessed using reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR, whereas the expression levels of HHLA2 were detected by western blotting and immunofluorescence staining. HHLA2 expression was found to gradually increase as the stages of the GBC samples become more advanced. In addition, the expression level of HHLA2 was calculated to be positively associated with the Nevin stage, American Joint Committee on Cancer stage, tumor invasion and regional lymph node metastasis but was negatively associated with the overall patient survival (OS). In vitro experiments demonstrated that overexpression of HHLA2 promoted GBC migration, invasion, proliferation and EMT, whereas in vivo experiments found a promoting role of HHLA2 overexpression on GBC tumor growth. After transfection with lentiviruses encoding the overexpression plasmid of lncRNA H19, GBC migration, invasion, proliferation and EMT were increased. By contrast, knocking down HHLA2 expression suppressed TGF‑β1‑ or lncRNA H19 overexpression‑induced GBC migration, invasion, proliferation and EMT. In addition, HHLA2 knockdown significantly reduced the sizes of the GBC tumors in vivo. These results suggest that HHLA2 overexpression can promote GBC progression. Conversely, ablation of HHLA2 expression inhibited both TGF‑β1‑ and lncRNA H19‑induced GBC progression, suggesting that HHLA2 is a potential therapeutic target for this disease.
| S-EPMC9374468 | biostudies-literature