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Data on influence of different nitrogen fertilizer rates and plant density on grain yield and yield components of Water Efficient Maize (WEMA) variety.

ABSTRACT: Plant density and applications of nitrogen fertilizer have been recognized as the main crop management techniques to improve maize yield. The data showed effect of different nitrogen fertilizer rates and plant density on grain yield and yield components of water efficient maize. A Field experiment was conducted during the 2015/16 and 2016/17 planting seasons in two (Taung and Mafikeng) localities of North-West Province, South Africa to evaluate the influence of N fertilizer rates and plant density on grain yield and yield components of Water Efficient Maize (WEMA) variety. The experiment was laid out in split plot fitted into a randomized complete block design with four replicates in each site. The main plot effect was three plant densities (33333, 44444 and 55555 plants/ha) and nitrogen rates (0, 60, 120, 180 and 240 kg N ha-1) constituted the subplot. The parameters measured were grain yield and grain yield components. Data were analyzed with analysis of variance (ANOVA) of GenStat 11th edition. Differences in the treatment means were tested by Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at 5% level of probability. Regression and correlation analyses were used to determine relationship between grain yield, yield components and nitrogen rates.

SUBMITTER: Adebayo AR

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7200769 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Data on influence of different nitrogen fertilizer rates and plant density on grain yield and yield components of Water Efficient Maize (WEMA) variety.

Adebayo Abidemi Ruth AR Sebetha Erick Tshivetsi ET

Data in brief 20200418

Plant density and applications of nitrogen fertilizer have been recognized as the main crop management techniques to improve maize yield. The data showed effect of different nitrogen fertilizer rates and plant density on grain yield and yield components of water efficient maize. A Field experiment was conducted during the 2015/16 and 2016/17 planting seasons in two (Taung and Mafikeng) localities of North-West Province, South Africa to evaluate the influence of N fertilizer rates and plant densi ...[more]

PMID: 32382603

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Project description:BackgroundThe combination of mulch with N fertilizer application is a common agronomic technique used in the production of rainfed maize (Zea mays L.) to achieve higher yields under conditions of optimum planting density and adequate N supply. However, the combined effects of mulch, planting density, and N fertilizer application rate on plant N uptake and N translocation efficiency are not known. The objective of this study was to quantify the interaction effect of mulch, planting density, and N fertilizer application rate on maize grain yield, N uptake, N translocation, and N translocation efficiency. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design with three factors (2 mulch levels ×?2 planting densities ×?4?N fertilizer application rates) replicated four times.ResultsThere was a significant interaction among mulch, plant density, and N fertilizer on maize grain yield, kernel number per cob, N uptake, N translocation, and N translocation efficiency. Averaged over the 3 years of the study, total plant N uptake at silking ranged from 79 to 149?kg?N?ha-?1 with no mulch and from 76 to 178?kg?N?ha-?1 with mulch. The N uptake at silking in different plant organs ranked as leaf > grain > stem > cob. Averaged across all factors, the highest N translocation was observed in leaves, which was 59.4 and 88.7% higher than observed in stems and ears, respectively. The mean vegetative organ N translocation efficiency averaged over mulch, planting density, and N fertilizer application rate treatments decreased in the order of leaf > stem > cob.ConclusionsMulch, planting density, and N fertilizer application rate not only have significant effects on improving maize grain yield and NUE, but also on N uptake, N translocation, and N translocation efficiency. Our results showed clearly that under high planting density, the combination of mulch and moderate N fertilizer application rate was the optimal strategy for increasing maize grain yield and N use efficiency.

Project description:Evaluating changes in the accumulation of grain minerals, including nitrogen (N), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), phosphorus (P), and zinc (Zn), across different genotypes can provide valuable information for the development of nutrient-enriched maize varieties. Meanwhile, N rates can affect maize yield and quality, but their effects on element accumulation remain to be elucidated. Here, field experiments were conducted at two locations in China over 2 years (2010 and 2011). Under a normal N application rate (240 kg N ha-1), 24 maize cultivars that had been bred and released between 1930 and 2010 were evaluated for the elemental concentrations in the grains. Cultivars Yedan 13 and Zhengdan 958, representing old- and new-era cultivars respectively, were selected to investigate grain element accumulation in response to different levels of N (0, 60, 120, 180, and 240 kg N ha-1). The results showed that element concentrations were significantly affected by year, genotype (G), N rates, and N × G interaction. Grain yield tended to increase with the year of cultivar released, while the concentrations of N, Cu, Mn, and Zn in the grain significantly declined in the new-era. The element concentrations of grains were mainly influenced by N rate or N × G interactions. As N levels increased, N, Cu, Fe, Mg, and Mn concentrations rose, while K, P, and Zn concentrations decreased. Compared with old-era cultivars, new-era cultivars showed an increase in grain yield of 25.39%; however, they demonstrated decreases in N, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, P, and Zn concentrations. In the new-era varieties, the reduction in Cu, Fe, K, and P concentrations were significantly exacerbated by high N rates, but this was not the case in the old-era varieties. The concentration of grain Cu, K, Mg, P, and Zn were higher under N-limited condition (N0), but grain yield was also lower. However, the optimal N rate (120-180 kg N ha-1) could increase N, Fe, Mg, and Mn concentrations without affecting grain yield in new-era varieties. It is concluded that maize breeding processes have improved grain yield, but reduced grain nutrient element concentrations. Enhanced concentrations of certain elements in maize grain could be achieved with optimal rates of N fertilizer being applied.

Dataset Information

Data on influence of different nitrogen fertilizer rates and plant density on grain yield and yield components of Water Efficient Maize (WEMA) variety.

Publications

Data on influence of different nitrogen fertilizer rates and plant density on grain yield and yield components of Water Efficient Maize (WEMA) variety.

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