Browse
Submit Data
Databases
API
Help

Dataset Information

17 Views

0 Connections

0 Citations

0 Reanalyses

0 Downloads

Omics score: 0

Pathological inflammation in patients with COVID-19: a key role for monocytes and macrophages.

ABSTRACT: The COVID-19 pandemic caused by infection with SARS-CoV-2 has led to more than 200,000 deaths worldwide. Several studies have now established that the hyperinflammatory response induced by SARS-CoV-2 is a major cause of disease severity and death in infected patients. Macrophages are a population of innate immune cells that sense and respond to microbial threats by producing inflammatory molecules that eliminate pathogens and promote tissue repair. However, a dysregulated macrophage response can be damaging to the host, as is seen in the macrophage activation syndrome induced by severe infections, including in infections with the related virus SARS-CoV. Here we describe the potentially pathological roles of macrophages during SARS-CoV-2 infection and discuss ongoing and prospective therapeutic strategies to modulate macrophage activation in patients with COVID-19.

SUBMITTER: Merad M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7201395 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Json Xml

Publications

Pathological inflammation in patients with COVID-19: a key role for monocytes and macrophages.

Merad Miriam M Martin Jerome C JC

Nature reviews. Immunology 20200506 6

The COVID-19 pandemic caused by infection with SARS-CoV-2 has led to more than 200,000 deaths worldwide. Several studies have now established that the hyperinflammatory response induced by SARS-CoV-2 is a major cause of disease severity and death in infected patients. Macrophages are a population of innate immune cells that sense and respond to microbial threats by producing inflammatory molecules that eliminate pathogens and promote tissue repair. However, a dysregulated macrophage response can ...[more]

PMID: 32376901

Similar Datasets

Macrophages and Monocytes: "Trojan Horses" in COVID-19.

Project description:We aimed to explore whether variants of SARS-CoV-2 (Chinese-derived strain (D614, lineage A), Italian strain PV10734 (D614G, lineage B.1.1) and Alpha strain (lineage B.1.1.7)) were able to infect monocytes (MN) and monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM) and whether these infected cells may, in turn, be vectors of infection. For this purpose, we designed an in vitro study following the evolution of MN and MDM infection at different time points in order to confirm whether these cells were permissive for SARS-CoV-2 replication. Finally, we investigated whether, regardless of viral replication, the persistent virus can be transferred to non-infected cells permissive for viral replication. Thus, we co-cultured the infected MN/MDM with permissive VERO E6 cells verifying the viral transmission. This is a further in vitro demonstration of the important role of MN and MDM in the dissemination of SARS-CoV-2 and evolution of the COVID-19 disease.

| S-EPMC8624282 | biostudies-literature

Dysregulation of lipid metabolism and pathological inflammation in patients with COVID-19

Project description:In recent months, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread throughout the world. COVID-19 patients show mild, moderate or severe symptoms with the latter ones requiring access to specialized intensive care. SARS-CoV-2 infections, pathogenesis and progression have not been clearly elucidated yet, thus forcing the development of many complementary approaches to identify candidate cellular pathways involved in disease progression. Host lipids play a critical role in the virus life, being the double-membrane vesicles a key factor in coronavirus replication. Moreover, lipid biogenesis pathways affect receptor-mediated virus entry at the endosomal cell surface and modulate virus propagation. In this study, targeted lipidomic analysis coupled with proinflammatory cytokines and alarmins measurement were carried out in serum of COVID-19 patients characterized by different severity degree. Serum IL-26, a cytokine involved in IL-17 pathway, TSLP and adiponectin were measured and correlated to lipid COVID-19 patient profiles. These results could be important for the classification of the COVID-19 disease and the identification of therapeutic targets.

2023-02-01 | MTBLS6844 | MetaboLights

Dysregulation of lipid metabolism and pathological inflammation in patients with COVID-19.

| S-EPMC7859398 | biostudies-literature

A Critical Role for Monocytes/Macrophages During Intestinal Inflammation-associated Lymphangiogenesis.

Project description:Inflammation-associated lymphangiogenesis (IAL) is frequently observed in inflammatory bowel diseases. IAL is believed to limit inflammation by enhancing fluid and immune cell clearance. Although monocytes/macrophages (M?) are known to contribute to intestinal pathology in inflammatory bowel disease, their role in intestinal IAL has never been studied mechanistically. We investigated contributions of monocytes/M? to the development of intestinal inflammation and IAL.Because inflammatory monocytes express CC chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2), we used CCR2 diphtheria toxin receptor transgenic (CCR2.DTR) mice, in which monocytes can be depleted by diphtheria toxin injection, and CCR2 mice, which have reduced circulating monocytes. Acute or chronic colitis was induced by dextran sodium sulfate or adoptive transfer of CD4CD45RB T cells, respectively. Intestinal inflammation was assessed by flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, disease activity, and histopathology, whereas IAL was assessed by lymphatic vessel morphology and density.We demonstrated that intestinal M? expressed vascular endothelial growth factor-C/D. In acute colitis, monocyte-depleted mice were protected from intestinal injury and showed reduced IAL, which was reversed after transfer of wild-type monocytes into CCR2 mice. In chronic colitis, CCR2 deficiency did not attenuate inflammation but reduced IAL.We propose a dual role of M? in (1) promoting acute inflammation and (2) contributing to IAL. Our data suggest that intestinal inflammation and IAL could occur independently, because IAL was reduced in the absence of monocytes/M?, even when inflammation was present. Future inflammatory bowel disease therapies might exploit promotion of IAL and suppression of M? independently, to restore lymphatic clearance and reduce inflammation.

| S-EPMC4912566 | biostudies-literature

Periodontitis-activated monocytes/macrophages cause aortic inflammation.

Project description:A relationship between periodontal disease and atherosclerosis has been suggested by epidemiological studies. Ligature-induced experimental periodontitis is an adequate model for clinical periodontitis, which starts from plaque accumulation, followed by inflammation in the periodontal tissue. Here we have demonstrated using a ligature-induced periodontitis model that periodontitis activates monocytes/macrophages, which subsequently circulate in the blood and adhere to vascular endothelial cells without altering the serum TNF-? concentration. Adherent monocytes/macrophages induced NF-?B activation and VCAM-1 expression in the endothelium and increased the expression of the TNF-? signaling cascade in the aorta. Peripheral blood-derived mononuclear cells from rats with experimental periodontitis showed enhanced adhesion and increased NF-?B/VCAM-1 in cultured vascular endothelial cells. Our results suggest that periodontitis triggers the initial pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, inflammation of the vasculature, through activating monocytes/macrophages.

| S-EPMC4044620 | biostudies-literature

Monocytes/Macrophages play a pathogenic role in IL-23 mediated psoriasis-like skin inflammation.

Project description:Psoriasis is an immune-mediated inflammatory skin disease that affects millions worldwide. Studying immune cells involved in psoriasis pathogenesis is essential to identify effective and safe therapeutics for the disease. Using human psoriasis skin, activated macrophages were observed in both lesional and non-lesional skin, but were elevated in lesional skin. Activation of the IL-23/IL-17 pathway is integral to the development of psoriasis. To further characterize the monocyte/macrophage (Mon/Mac) population when the IL-23 pathway is activated, a murine model of intradermal injection of IL-23 was used. Flow cytometry revealed that Mon/Mac cells were the dominant immune population, particularly late in the model, highlighted by strong presence of Ly6ChiMHC IIhi cells. The Mon/Mac cells were also shown to have high expression for TNFα but not IL-17A. Prophylactic dosing of a CSF-1R inhibitor to deplete Mon/Mac cells significantly reduced several inflammatory mediators from the skin tissue suggesting a pathogenic role for Mon/Mac. Treatment dosing of the inhibitor produced a less robust effect. Mon/Mac cells were also differentiated by levels of Ki67 and TNFα expression. These data point to an important contribution of Mon/Mac cells in IL-23 related skin inflammation and suggest that these cells are a significant player in the underlying pathophysiology of psoriasis.

| S-EPMC6441056 | biostudies-literature

Functional reprogramming of monocytes in acute and convalescent severe COVID-19 patients

Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

2022-04-01 | GSE198257 | GEO

Proteomic blood profiling in mild, severe and critical COVID-19 patients

Project description: Not available

| S-BSST416 | biostudies-other

COVID-19 and the role of chronic inflammation in patients with obesity.

Project description:Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) poses a particular risk to people living with preexisting conditions that impair immune response or amplify pro-inflammatory response. Low-grade chronic systemic inflammation, common in people with obesity, is associated with the development of atherosclerosis, type 2 diabetes, and hypertension, well known comorbidities that adversely affect the outcomes of patients with COVID-19. Risk stratification based on the Edmonton Obesity Staging System (EOSS), which classifies obesity based on the presence of medical, mental, and/or functional complications rather than on body mass index (BMI), has been shown to be a better predictor of all-cause mortality and it may well be that EOSS stages may better describe the risk of hyperinflammation in patients with COVID-19 infection. Analyzing a group of metabolic ill patients with obesity (EOSS 2 and 3), we found an increased interleukin-6 and linear regression analysis showed a positive correlation with C-reactive protein (CRP) (p = 0.014) and waist-to-hip-ratio (WHR) (p = 0.031). Physicians should be aware of these findings in patients with COVID-19 infection. Early identification of possible hyperinflammation could be fundamental and should guide decision making regarding hospitalization, early respiratory support, and therapy with immunosuppression to improve mortality.

| S-EPMC7224343 | biostudies-literature

Vagus nerve inflammation in COVID-19

Project description:To find inflammatory signatures in post mortem vagus nerves of COVID-19 patients in comparisin to non-infected controls.

2023-08-21 | GSE233732 | GEO