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Awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension and related factors in adult Iranian population.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Hypertension, known as the silent killer, is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Awareness and treatment of hypertension is not appropriate in the world, and this has led to an increase in mortality and morbidity caused by uncontrolled hypertension. This study aims to estimate awareness, treated, and controlled hypertensive and relevant predictors in an adult Iranian population. METHODS:This cross-sectional study was conducted on 10,000 adults aged 20-69?years in Yazd, Iran. They were selected through multi-stage random cluster sampling in 2015-2016. Blood pressure was measured three-time with standard protocol by trained health workers. Those with a positive history of hypertension and using anti-hypertensive drugs, prescribed by a physician, were considered hypertensive. Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure???140?mmHg and/or diastolic BP of ?90?mmHg. Uncontrolled hypertension was defined in accordance with recommended treatment targets by the Joint National Committee (JNC7). Logistic regression was used to assess the predictors of hypertension awareness, treatment and control. RESULTS:The prevalence of hypertension was 37.3%, and the prevalence of pre-hypertension was 46.4%. 49.7% of People with hypertension were aware of their disease, and 71.5% of them were using antihypertensive drugs prescribed by physicians. Blood pressure was controlled in 38.9% of the treated patients. In the adjusted model, older age, female sex, and history of diabetes mellitus were positively associated with higher awareness. High physical activity, tobacco smoking, and diabetes are the only predictors of treated high blood pressure. Younger age, female sex, and higher education were determinants of controlled hypertension. Having health insurance was significantly correlated with awareness and control of hypertension. CONCLUSION:Hypertension is a public health problem in this population, which is not well controlled. Half of the patients were unaware. Intervention for increased screening coverage is needed. It should plan to raise public awareness about hypertension and improve hypertension control under the supervision of physicians. Implement a family physician program is recommended in the health system.

SUBMITTER: Mirzaei M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7216488 | biostudies-literature | 2020 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension and related factors in adult Iranian population.

Mirzaei Mohsen M Mirzaei Masoud M Bagheri Behnam B Dehghani Ali A

BMC public health 20200512 1

<h4>Background</h4>Hypertension, known as the silent killer, is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Awareness and treatment of hypertension is not appropriate in the world, and this has led to an increase in mortality and morbidity caused by uncontrolled hypertension. This study aims to estimate awareness, treated, and controlled hypertensive and relevant predictors in an adult Iranian population.<h4>Methods</h4>This cross-sectional study was conducted on 10,000 adults aged 20-69 yea ...[more]

PMID: 32397990

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Project description:Background:Hypertension is a global problem, for which high-altitude residents exhibit higher burden. Hypertension in Tajik nomads from Pamirs with an average altitude above 4000?m remains less studied. We aimed to determine the prevalence, awareness, treatment, control, and risk factors associated with hypertension among Tajik population in Pamirs. Methods:A cross-sectional survey was conducted between August and September 2015 using stratified three-stage random sampling in Taxkorgan county, Pamirs, China. Hypertension is defined as mean systolic and/or diastolic blood pressure (SBP, DBP) ?140/90?mmHg and/or taking antihypertensive medication within the past two weeks. The prevalence (SBP ?130 or DBP ?80?mmHg) was also estimated using the 2017 American College of Cardiology (ACC)/American Heart Association (AHA) High Blood Pressure Guideline. The awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension and associated factors were evaluated. Results:Totally, 797 subjects aged ?18 years were enrolled with 46.3% men and 88.8% nomads with the mean age of 42.3?±?15.2 years. The prevalence of hypertension was 24.2% (140/90?mmHg), and the prevalence was as high as 40.3%, based on the 2017 ACC/AHA guideline. Overall awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension were 52.8%, 40.9%, and 9.3%, respectively. In multivariate logistic regression, BMI ?24.0?kg/m2 (OR: 2.41, 95% CI: 1.44-4.04) was a risk factor for prehypertension, and age ?60 years (OR: 2.04, 95% CI: 1.15-3.61), BMI ?24.0?kg/m2 (OR: 2.04, 95% CI: 1.15-3.61), and abdominal obesity (OR: 1.87, 95% CI: 1.09-3.22) were risk factors for hypertension. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers were the most commonly used antihypertensive medication (45.4%) as monotherapy, and 13.6% of treated hypertensive patients used two drugs. Conclusions:There is a considerable prevalence of hypertension with low awareness, treatment, and control rates among Tajik nomads in Pamirs, where health programs improving the hypertension status are urgently needed, with the excess weight loss as a strategy.

Project description:ObjectivesLiterature suggested that multi-ethnic Western populations experienced differential hypertension outcomes, but evidence is limited in Asia. This study was aimed to determine sociodemographic correlates of hypertension and its awareness, treatment and control among a multi-ethnic Asian population living in Singapore.SettingWe used cross-sectional data of participants from the Multi-Ethnic Cohort (MEC) (n=14 530) recruited in Singapore between 2004 and 2010.ParticipantsParticipants who completed questionnaire and attended health examination, without cardiovascular diseases, cancer, stroke, renal failure, asthma and mental illnesses were included in the study. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to determine sociodemographics factors associated with hypertension, unawareness of having hypertension, untreated and uncontrolled hypertension.ResultsAmong 10 215 participants (47.2% Chinese, 26.0% Malay and 26.8% Indian), hypertension prevalence was estimated to be 31.1%. Older age, Malay ethnicity, male, lower educational level and being homemaker or retired/unemployed were factors significantly associated with hypertension. Stratified analysis suggested that age and education were consistently associated with hypertension across all ethnic groups. The proportions of being unaware, untreated and uncontrolled were 49.0%, 25.2% and 62.4%, respectively. Ethnicity and younger age were associated with unawareness; younger age, male and lower educational level were associated with untreated hypertension and older age was associated with uncontrolled hypertension.ConclusionsIn this study, ethnic differences in relation to hypertension were associated with sociodemographic variability in ethnic groups. Age and educational level were consistent correlates of hypertension in all ethnic groups. Unawareness and uncontrolled hypertension were common in this Asian population and associated with sociodemographic factors. More targeted strategies may be required to overcome the observed disparities.

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Awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension and related factors in adult Iranian population.

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Awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension and related factors in adult Iranian population.

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