Dataset Information

Prevalence, awareness and risk factors of hypertension in a large cohort of Iranian adult population.

ABSTRACT: There is considerable variation in hypertension prevalence and awareness, and their correlates, across different geographic locations and ethnic groups. We performed this cross-sectional analysis on data from the Golestan Cohort Study (GCS).Enrollment in this study occurred in 2004-2008, and included 50,045 healthy individuals from Golestan Province in northeastern Iran. Hypertension was defined as a SBP at least 140?mmHg, a DBP at least 90?mmHg, a prior diagnosis of hypertension, or the use of antihypertensive drugs. Potential correlates of hypertension and its awareness were analyzed by logistic regression adjusted for sex, age, BMI, place of residence, literacy, ethnicity, physical activity, smoking, black and green tea consumption and wealth score.Of the total cohort participants, 21,350 (42.7%) were hypertensive. Age-standardized prevalence of hypertension, using the 2001 WHO standard world population, was 41.8% (95% confidence interval: 38.3-45.2%). Hypertension was directly associated with female sex, increased BMI, Turkmen ethnicity, and lack of physical activity, and inversely associated with drinking black tea and wealth score. Among hypertensive patients, 46.2% were aware of their disease, 17.6% were receiving antihypertensive medication, and 32.1% of the treated patients had controlled hypertension. Hypertension awareness was greater among women, the elderly, overweight and obese patients, and those with a higher wealth score.Hypertension is highly prevalent in rural Iran, many of the affected individuals are unaware of their disease, and the rate of control by antihypertensive medications is low. Increasing hypertension awareness and access to health services, especially among less privileged residents are recommended.

SUBMITTER: Malekzadeh MM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3766446 | biostudies-other | 2013 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Prevalence, awareness and risk factors of hypertension in a large cohort of Iranian adult population.

Malekzadeh Masoud M MM Etemadi Arash A Kamangar Farin F Khademi Hooman H Golozar Asieh A Islami Farhad F Pourshams Akram A Poustchi Hossein H Navabakhsh Behrouz B Naemi Mohammad M Pharoah Paul D PD Abnet Christian C CC Brennan Paul P Boffetta Paolo P Dawsey Sanford M SM Esteghamati Alireza A Malekzadeh Reza R

Journal of hypertension 20130701 7

<h4>Background</h4>There is considerable variation in hypertension prevalence and awareness, and their correlates, across different geographic locations and ethnic groups. We performed this cross-sectional analysis on data from the Golestan Cohort Study (GCS).<h4>Methods</h4>Enrollment in this study occurred in 2004-2008, and included 50,045 healthy individuals from Golestan Province in northeastern Iran. Hypertension was defined as a SBP at least 140 mmHg, a DBP at least 90 mmHg, a prior diagno ...[more]

PMID: 23673348

Similar Datasets

Project description:BACKGROUND:Hypertension, known as the silent killer, is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Awareness and treatment of hypertension is not appropriate in the world, and this has led to an increase in mortality and morbidity caused by uncontrolled hypertension. This study aims to estimate awareness, treated, and controlled hypertensive and relevant predictors in an adult Iranian population. METHODS:This cross-sectional study was conducted on 10,000 adults aged 20-69?years in Yazd, Iran. They were selected through multi-stage random cluster sampling in 2015-2016. Blood pressure was measured three-time with standard protocol by trained health workers. Those with a positive history of hypertension and using anti-hypertensive drugs, prescribed by a physician, were considered hypertensive. Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure???140?mmHg and/or diastolic BP of ?90?mmHg. Uncontrolled hypertension was defined in accordance with recommended treatment targets by the Joint National Committee (JNC7). Logistic regression was used to assess the predictors of hypertension awareness, treatment and control. RESULTS:The prevalence of hypertension was 37.3%, and the prevalence of pre-hypertension was 46.4%. 49.7% of People with hypertension were aware of their disease, and 71.5% of them were using antihypertensive drugs prescribed by physicians. Blood pressure was controlled in 38.9% of the treated patients. In the adjusted model, older age, female sex, and history of diabetes mellitus were positively associated with higher awareness. High physical activity, tobacco smoking, and diabetes are the only predictors of treated high blood pressure. Younger age, female sex, and higher education were determinants of controlled hypertension. Having health insurance was significantly correlated with awareness and control of hypertension. CONCLUSION:Hypertension is a public health problem in this population, which is not well controlled. Half of the patients were unaware. Intervention for increased screening coverage is needed. It should plan to raise public awareness about hypertension and improve hypertension control under the supervision of physicians. Implement a family physician program is recommended in the health system.

Project description:BackgroundAccording to WHO, the deaths due to NCDs in Nepal have soared from 60% of all deaths in 2014 to 66% in 2018. The study assessed the prevalence and determinants of non-communicable disease risk factors among adult population of Kathmandu.Materials and methodsA community based cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2019 to February 2020 among 18-69 years adults residing in municipalities of Kathmandu district. Multi-stage random sampling technique was used to select 245 subjects who were interviewed using WHO NCD STEPS instrument. Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were done to explore the determinants of NCD risk factors.ResultsThe prevalence of current smoking, alcohol consumption, low intake of fruits and vegetables and low physical activity was found to be 22%, 31%, 93.9% and 10.2% respectively. More than half (52.2%) of the participants were overweight or obese and the prevalence of raised blood pressure was 27.8%. Smoking was associated significantly with male gender (AOR = 2.37, CI: 1.20-5.13) and respondents with no formal schooling (AOR: 4.33, CI: 1.50-12.48). Similarly, the odds of alcohol consumption were higher among male gender (AOR: 2.78, CI: 1.47-5.26), people who were employed (AOR: 2.30, CI: 1.13-4.82), and those who belonged to Chhetri (AOR: 2.83, CI: 1.19-6.72), Janajati (AOR: 6.18, CI: 2.74-13.90), Dalit and Madhesi, (AOR: 7.51, CI: 2.13-26.35) ethnic groups. Furthermore, respondents who were aged 30-44 years (AOR: 5.15, CI: 1.91-13.85) and 45-59 years (AOR: 4.54 CI: 1.63-12.66), who were in marital union (AOR: 3.39, CI: 1.25-9.13), and who belonged to Janajati (AOR: 3.37, CI: 1.61-7.04), Dalit and Madhesi (AOR: 4.62, CI: 1.26-16.86) ethnic groups were more likely to be associated with overweight or obesity. Additionally, the odds of raised blood pressure were higher among people who were of older age (AOR: 6.91, CI: 1.67-28.63) and those who belonged to Janajati ethnic group (AOR: 3.60, CI: 1.46-8.87) after multivariate analysis.ConclusionThe findings of the study highlighted high prevalence of behavioral and metabolic risk factors, which varied on different socio-demographic grounds. Thus, population specific health promotion interventions centered on public health interests is recommended to reduce risk factors of NCDs.

Project description:BackgroundThe health of older persons has not been a major priority in many African countries. Hypertension is one of the common health problems of older persons. However, there is little information on the prevalence of hypertension in older adults in Africa. This is in spite of the fact that Africa has the highest age-standardized prevalence of hypertension in the world. We therefore present this protocol to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis on the prevalence of hypertension and the level of its awareness among older persons living in Africa.MethodsMajor databases (EMBASE, MEDLINE, Academic Search Complete, CINAHL, PsycINFO) and unpublished literature will be searched to identify population-based studies on hypertension in adults aged 50 years and older living in Africa. Eligible articles are those which use the 140/90-mmHg cutoff to diagnose hypertension and were published from 1980 to present. We will exclude subjects in restricted environments such as patients and refugees. Articles will be independently evaluated by two reviewers to determine if they meet the inclusion criteria. They will also evaluate the quality of included studies using a validated tool by Hoy and colleagues for prevalence studies. The main outcome is the prevalence of hypertension while the explanatory variables include demographic, socio-economic, dietary, lifestyle and behavioural factors. Effect sizes in bivariate and multivariate analyses will be presented as odds or prevalence ratios. We will explore for heterogeneity of the standard errors across the studies, and if appropriate, we will perform a meta-analysis using a random-effects model to present a summary estimate of the prevalence of hypertension in this population.DiscussionThe estimates of the prevalence, the risk factors and the level of awareness of hypertension could help in galvanizing efforts at prioritizing the cardiovascular health of older persons in Africa.Systematic review registrationPROSPERO CRD42017056474.

Project description:ObjectiveTo analyse published literatures on prevalence, awareness, risk factors and control of hypertension in Nepal.MethodsWe used electronic databases to search relevant articles from January 2000 till October 2020. All relevant data from selected studies were extracted into a standardized form designed in Excel. Statistical analysis was conducted using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Software (CMA) version 3. Proportions or Odds Ratio (OR) was used to estimate the outcome with 95% confidence interval (CI). The I-squared (I2) test was used for the assessment of heterogeneity.ResultsWe identified a total of 3726 studies after comprehensive database searching. We performed qualitative and quantitative analysis of 40 studies. Pooling data showed 28.52% of patients with hypertension (CI: 26.40-30.75); 45.28% (CI: 38.89-51.83) aware of their high blood pressure; 31.66% (CI: 23.18-41.56) under treatment; 44.4% (CI: 36.17-53.04) had their blood pressure under optimum range. 27.4% (CI: 21.57-34.11) had pre-hypertensive range elevated blood pressure. 25.99% (CI: 21.81-30.65) of females and 34.25% (CI: 30.49-38.21) of male were hypertensive (p = 0.007).The pooling of data showed smokers have 1.43 times (CI: 1.1429-1.7889); and alcohol users have 2.073 times (CI: 1.7154-2.5050) higher risk of having hypertension. Individuals with normal BMI have 53.15% (OR: 0.4685 CI: 0.3543-0.6195); with formal educated have 37.27% (OR: 0.6273, CI: 0.5485-0.7175); and with adequate exercise have 31.6% (OR: 0.6839, CI: 0.5203-0.8991) lower chance of having hypertension.ConclusionOur study shows the prevalence of hypertension in Nepal is high. However, awareness, treatment and subsequently control of high blood pressure are found to be alarmingly low. Hypertension was associated with male gender, smoking, alcohol use, high BMI, no education and inadequate exercise. It calls for more attention to address the burden of hypertension and associated risk factors in Nepal.

Dataset Information

Prevalence, awareness and risk factors of hypertension in a large cohort of Iranian adult population.

Publications

Prevalence, awareness and risk factors of hypertension in a large cohort of Iranian adult population.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets