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S-1 plus apatinib followed by salvage esophagectomy for irinotecan-refractory small cell carcinoma of the esophagus: A case report and review of the literature.

ABSTRACT: RATIONALE:Small cell carcinoma of the esophagus (SCCE) is an uncommon but lethal disease characterized by dismal prognosis. Only 10% of advanced SCCE patients survive longer than 1 year. Resection is a choice for limited-stage cases, whereas the optimal treatment regimen for primary SCCE is yet to be elucidated. To the best of our knowledge, the efficacy of S-1 plus apatinib for irinotecan-refractory SCCE has not been reported before. PATIENT CONCERNS:A 61-year old, previously healthy male was admitted for dysphagia and fatigue. Endoscopic biopsy revealed a tumor in the middle third of the esophagus. Further exams including abdomen computed tomography excluded distant metastasis. DIAGNOSES:Primary SCCE (pT1bN1M0, IIB) was established after salvage operation. INTERVENTIONS:The tumor was enlarged after 1 cycle of first-line chemotherapy using irinotecan plus cisplatin, which indicated drug resistance. Second-line oral apatinib (425?mg daily) plus S-1 (60?mg, twice daily for 4 weeks with a 2-week drug-free interval) for a month showed efficacy, as shown by decreased serum neuron-specific enolase and stable of the esophageal lesion. Thereafter, salvage minimally invasive Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy and 2-field lymph node dissection was performed, followed by oral apatinib plus S-1 at the prior dosage for 6 months. In addition, maintenance therapy using low-dose apatinib (250?mg daily) plus S-1 (40?mg, twice daily for 4 weeks with a 2-week interval) were administered for another 6 months. Then the patient was followed up irregularly at the outpatient clinic. OUTCOMES:The adverse events including hand-foot syndrome, hypertension, vomiting, leukopenia, impaired hepatic function, and fatigue were mainly tolerable. Forty months after the operation, he was readmitted for back pain and disseminated bone metastases appeared in magnetic resonance images. His progression-free survival could not be obtained precisely, and his overall survival was longer than 40 months up to September 2019. LESSONS:S-1 plus apatinib followed by a timely esophagectomy with curative intent might be an alternative option for chemotherapy-refractory SCCE in selected patients. Better evidence is warranted.

SUBMITTER: Zhang C

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7220406 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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S-1 plus apatinib followed by salvage esophagectomy for irinotecan-refractory small cell carcinoma of the esophagus: A case report and review of the literature.

Zhang Chu C Yu Guang-Mao GM Zhang Miao M Wu Wenbin W Gong Long-Bo LB

Medicine 20200101 3

<h4>Rationale</h4>Small cell carcinoma of the esophagus (SCCE) is an uncommon but lethal disease characterized by dismal prognosis. Only 10% of advanced SCCE patients survive longer than 1 year. Resection is a choice for limited-stage cases, whereas the optimal treatment regimen for primary SCCE is yet to be elucidated. To the best of our knowledge, the efficacy of S-1 plus apatinib for irinotecan-refractory SCCE has not been reported before.<h4>Patient concerns</h4>A 61-year old, previously hea ...[more]

PMID: 32011517

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Project description:PurposeThe prognosis of relapsed or refractory pediatric Wilms tumor (WT) is dismal, and new salvage therapies are needed. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the combination of irinotecan and a doxorubicin hydrochloride liposome regimen for relapsed or refractory pediatric WT.Patients and methodsThe present study enrolled relapsed or refractory pediatric WT patients who were treated with the AI regimen (doxorubicin hydrochloride liposomes 40 mg/m2 per day, day 1, and irinotecan 50 mg/m2 per day with 90-min infusion, days 1-5; this regimen was repeated every 3 weeks) at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center from July 2018 to September 2020. The response was defined as the best-observed response after at least two cycles according to the Response Evaluation Criteria of Solid Tumors (RECIST 1.1), and toxicity was evaluated according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE 4.03).ResultsA total of 16 patients (male:female, 8:8) with a median age of 4.2 years (0.5-11 years) with relapsed or refractory disease were enrolled in this study, including 14 patients with relapsed disease and two patients with refractory disease. These patients received 1-8 courses (median, 3 courses) of the AI regimen. Fourteen patients were assessable for response: two with complete response (CR), five with partial response (PR), two with stable disease (SD), and five with progressive disease (PD). The objective response rate was 50% (two CR, five PR), and the disease control rate was 64% (two CR, five PR, and two SD). Seven out of 14 patients (50%) were alive at the last follow-up, ranging from 2.6 to 32.4 months. The median progression-free survival and median overall survival were 3.5 months (range 0.5-12 months) and 8 months (range 1-28 months), respectively. Sixteen patients were assessable for toxicity, with the most common grade 3 or 4 adverse events being alopecia (62%), leukopenia (40%), abdominal pain (38%), diarrhea (23%), and mucositis (16%), etc. No fatal adverse events have been observed, and modest adverse effects can be administered.ConclusionIrinotecan and doxorubicin hydrochloride liposome regimens have positive efficacy on relapsed or refractory pediatric WT with well-tolerated toxicity. A prospective clinical trial is warranted.

Dataset Information

S-1 plus apatinib followed by salvage esophagectomy for irinotecan-refractory small cell carcinoma of the esophagus: A case report and review of the literature.

Publications

S-1 plus apatinib followed by salvage esophagectomy for irinotecan-refractory small cell carcinoma of the esophagus: A case report and review of the literature.

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