Dataset Information

Long-term exposure to particulate air pollution and brachial artery flow-mediated dilation in the Old Order Amish.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Atmospheric particulate matter (PM) has been associated with endothelial dysfunction, an early marker of cardiovascular risk. Our aim was to extend this research to a genetically homogenous, geographically stable rural population using location-specific moving-average air pollution exposure estimates indexed to the date of endothelial function measurement.

Methods

We measured endothelial function using brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) in 615 community-dwelling healthy Amish participants. Exposures to PM?2.5) and PM?10) were estimated at participants' residential addresses using previously developed geographic information system-based spatio-temporal models and normalized. Associations between PM exposures and FMD were evaluated using linear mixed-effects regression models, and polynomial distributed lag (PDL) models followed by Bayesian model averaging (BMA) were used to assess response to delayed effects occurring across multiple months.

Results

Exposure to PM₁₀ was consistently inversely associated with FMD, with the strongest (most negative) association for a 12-month moving average (-?0.09; 95% CI: -?0.15, -?0.03). Associations with PM_2.5 were also strongest for a 12-month moving average but were weaker than for PM₁₀ (-?0.07; 95% CI: -?0.13, -?0.09). Associations of PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ with FMD were somewhat stronger in men than in women, particularly for PM₁₀.

Conclusions

Using location-specific moving-average air pollution exposure estimates, we have shown that 12-month moving-average estimates of PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ exposure are associated with impaired endothelial function in a rural population.

SUBMITTER: Salimi S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7222318 | biostudies-literature | 2020 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Long-term exposure to particulate air pollution and brachial artery flow-mediated dilation in the Old Order Amish.

Salimi Shabnam S Yanosky Jeff D JD Huang Dina D Montressor-Lopez Jessica J Vogel Robert R Reed Robert M RM Mitchell Braxton D BD Puett Robin C RC

Environmental health : a global access science source 20200514 1

<h4>Background</h4>Atmospheric particulate matter (PM) has been associated with endothelial dysfunction, an early marker of cardiovascular risk. Our aim was to extend this research to a genetically homogenous, geographically stable rural population using location-specific moving-average air pollution exposure estimates indexed to the date of endothelial function measurement.<h4>Methods</h4>We measured endothelial function using brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) in 615 community-dwelli ...[more]

PMID: 32410621

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Project description:Many stroke survivors have reduced cardiorespiratory fitness as a result of their stroke. Ischemic conditioning (IC) is a noninvasive, cost-effective, easy-to-administer intervention that can be performed at home and has been shown to improve both motor function in stroke survivors and vascular endothelial function in healthy individuals. In this study, we examined the effects of 2 wk of remote IC (RIC) on brachial artery flow mediated dilation (FMD) in chronic stroke survivors. We hypothesized that FMD would be improved following RIC compared with a sham RIC control group. This was a prospective, randomized, double-blinded, controlled study. Twenty-four chronic stroke survivors (>6 mo after stroke) were enrolled and randomized to receive either RIC or sham RIC on their affected thigh every other day for 2 wk. For the RIC group, a blood pressure cuff was inflated to 225 mmHg for 5 min, followed by 5 min of recovery, and repeated a total of five times per session. For the sham RIC group, the inflation pressure was 10 mmHg. Brachial artery FMD was assessed on the nonaffected arm at study enrollment and following the 2-wk intervention period. Nine men and fourteen women completed all study procedures. Brachial artery FMD increased from 5.4 ± 4.8 to 7.8 ± 4.4% (P = 0.030; n = 12) in the RIC group, while no significant change was observed in the sham RIC group (3.5 ± 3.9% pretreatment versus 2.4 ± 3.1% posttreatment; P = 0.281, n = 11). Two weeks of RIC increases brachial artery FMD in chronic stroke survivors.NEW & NOTEWORTHY In this study, we report that 2 wk of remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) improves brachial artery flow-mediated dilation in chronic stroke survivors. Because poor cardiovascular health puts stroke survivors at a heightened risk for recurrent stroke and other cardiovascular events, an intervention that is simple, cost-effective, and easy to perform like RIC holds promise as a means to improve cardiovascular health in this at-risk population.

Dataset Information

Long-term exposure to particulate air pollution and brachial artery flow-mediated dilation in the Old Order Amish.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Long-term exposure to particulate air pollution and brachial artery flow-mediated dilation in the Old Order Amish.

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