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Prevalence of Goiter and Associated Factors Among Adolescents in Gazgibla District, Northeast Ethiopia.

ABSTRACT: Background:Although goiter is a major public health problem in Ethiopia and affects a large number of people, there was little evidence among adolescents particularly in Northern Ethiopia. This study was, therefore, aimed at investigating the prevalence of goiter and associated factors among adolescents in Gazgibla District, Northeast Ethiopia. Methods:A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 596 adolescents from August 5-30, 2019. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Adolescents were assessed for goiter based on World Health Organization criteria. The level of iodine in household salt samples was tested using rapid test kit. Data were entered into EpiData version 3.1 and exported into Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 22.0 for statistical analysis. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was done to control for all possible confounders and to identify predictors of goiter. Odds ratio along with 95% confidence interval (CI) was estimated to measure the strength of the association. Level of statistical significance was declared at P???.05. Results:The prevalence of goiter among adolescents was 42.5% (95% CI: 38.4%, 46.7%). Being a female (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]?=?1.83, 95% CI: 1.18, 2.85), family history of goiter (AOR?=?3.63, 95% CI: 2.31, 5.69), cabbage consumption at least once per week (AOR?=?4.6, 95% CI: 2.42, 8.74), not consuming meat at all (AOR?=?2.5, 95% CI: 1.17, 5.32), not consuming milk at all (AOR?=?2.19, 95% CI: 1.19, 4.03), and inadequate iodine level of household salt (AOR?=?7.05, 95% CI: 3.83, 12.97) were significantly associated with the development of goiter among adolescents. Conclusions:The prevalence of goiter was very high in the study area. Therefore, the health sector of the district should invest efforts on improving the community's awareness through disseminating key messages about iodized salt and iodine-rich foods.

SUBMITTER: Gebremichael G

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7223861 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Prevalence of Goiter and Associated Factors Among Adolescents in Gazgibla District, Northeast Ethiopia.

Gebremichael Gebremedhin G Demena Melake M Egata Gudina G Gebremichael Berhe B

Global advances in health and medicine 20200513

<h4>Background</h4>Although goiter is a major public health problem in Ethiopia and affects a large number of people, there was little evidence among adolescents particularly in Northern Ethiopia. This study was, therefore, aimed at investigating the prevalence of goiter and associated factors among adolescents in Gazgibla District, Northeast Ethiopia.<h4>Methods</h4>A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 596 adolescents from August 5-30, 2019. Data were collected using a st ...[more]

PMID: 32435526

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Project description:BackgroundMalaria is among the leading causes of mortality and morbidity among under five children in developing countries. Ethiopia has set targets for controlling and eliminating malaria through at-risk group interventions. However, the disease remains a serious public health concern in endemic areas like in Wollo, Northeast Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to determine malaria prevalence, risk factors and parasite density among under five children in Ziquala district.MethodA facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Ziquala hospital, and Tsitsika, Mishra and Hamusit health centers in Ziquala district, Northeast Ethiopia, from January 2022 to April 2022. The study enrolled a total of 633 under five children using a systematic sampling technique. A capillary blood sample was collected from each child to prepared thin and thick blood smears. Smears were then stained with 10% Giemsa and examined under light microscope. A pretested structured questionnaire was used to collect on socio-demographic data, parental/caregiver knowledge, and malaria determining factors. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis was done to identify factors associated with malaria.ResultThe overall prevalence of malaria among children visiting Ziquala district health institutions was 24.6% (156/633). Plasmodium falciparum, P. vivax, and mixed infection (both species) accounted for 57.1%, 38.5%, and 4.5% of the cases, respectively. Regarding to parasite load, moderate parasitemia was the most common, followed by low and high parasitemia with the proportion of 53.8%, 31.4% and 14.7% parasite density, respectively. Malaria infection was linked to irregular utilization of insecticide-treated bed nets (AOR = 5.042; 95% CI: 2.321-10.949), staying outside at night (AOR = 2.109; 95% CI: 1.066-4.173), and parents not receiving malaria health education in the past six months (AOR = 4.858; 95% CI: 2.371-9.956).ConclusionMalaria was prevalent among children under the age of five enrolled in the study. The local government should focus on regular insecticide treated net utilization, reducing the risk of mosquito bites while sleeping outdoors at night and increasing public understanding of malaria prevention and control through health education would also help to minimize the burden of malaria.

Project description:BackgroundInadequate nutrient consumption causes protein energy malnutrition and micronutrient deficiencies and related consequences, including poor physical growth and intellectual development. However, literatures showing quantitative measurement of dietary intake of children are limited in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study investigated nutrient consumption and associated factors among school age children (7-9 years) in Dewa Cheffe District, northeast of Ethiopia.MethodsA community based cross-sectional study was conducted from November to December, 2015 in Dewa Cheffe District. A multistage sampling technique was used to select 605 study subjects. Pre-tested and structured questionnaire was used to collect data. A 24-h dietary recall with portion size estimation method was used to assess nutrient consumption of school age children. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was fitted to identify factors associated with inadequate energy intake. adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with corresponding 95% confidence interval was computed to show the strength of association. In multivariable analysis, a P value of?<?0.05 was used to declare statistically significance.ResultsA total of 600 school age children were included in the study. About 29% [95%, CI 21.9, 36.1] of study participants had inadequate energy intake. The result of multivariable analysis revealed that, children who were belonged to a female headed households [AOR?=?3.65; 95% CI 1.20, 11.04] and family size of six and above [AOR?=?14.42; 95% CI 4.65, 44.67] were found with increased odds of inadequate energy consumption. In contrast, decreased odds of inadequate energy consumption were observed among children whose mothers were housewives [AOR?=?0.32; 95% CI 0.11, 0.52].ConclusionsIn this study, one-third of school children had inadequate energy consumption. Female headed households, being in the larger family size and housewives mother were significantly associated with inadequate energy consumption. Therefore, giving special focus to female headed households, large family and outdoor worker mothers will help to improve dietary intake of children.

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Project description:ObjectiveMore than half of the 700 million people worldwide who lack access to a safe water supply live in sub-Saharan Africa, including Ethiopia. Globally, approximately 2 billion people use drinking water sources that are contaminated with fecal matter. However, little is known about the relationship between fecal coliforms and determinants in drinking water. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the potential for contamination of drinking water and its associated factors in households with children under 5 years of age in Dessie Zuria district in northeastern Ethiopia.MethodsThe water laboratory was conducted based on the American Public Health Association guidelines for water and wastewater assessment using a membrane filtration technique. A structured and pre-tested questionnaire was used to identify factors associated with the potential for contamination of drinking water in 412 selected households. A binary logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the factors associated with the presence or absence of fecal coliforms in drinking water, with a 95% confidence interval (CI) and a value of p ≤ 0.05. The overall goodness of the model was tested using the Hosmer-Lemeshow test, and the model was fit.ResultsA total of 241 (58.5%) households relied on unimproved water supply sources. In addition, approximately two-thirds 272 (66.0%) of the household water samples were positive for fecal coliform bacteria. Water storage duration ≥3 days (AOR = 4.632; 95% CI: 1.529-14.034), dipping method of water withdrawal from a water storage tank (AOR = 4.377; 95% CI: 1.382-7.171), uncovered water storage tank at control (AOR = 5.700; 95% CI: 2.017-31.189), lack of home-based water treatment (AOR = 4.822; 95% CI: 1.730-13.442), and unsafe household liquid waste disposal methods (AOR = 3.066; 95% CI: 1.706-8.735) were factors significantly associated with the presence of fecal contamination in drinking water.ConclusionFecal contamination of water was high. The duration of water storage, the method of water withdrawal from the storage container, covering of the water storage container, the presence of home-based water treatment, and the method of liquid waste disposal were factors for fecal contamination in drinking water. Therefore, health professionals should continuously educate the public on proper water use and water quality assessment.

Dataset Information

Prevalence of Goiter and Associated Factors Among Adolescents in Gazgibla District, Northeast Ethiopia.

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Prevalence of Goiter and Associated Factors Among Adolescents in Gazgibla District, Northeast Ethiopia.

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