Dataset Information

Lexical Repetition Properties of Caregiver Speech and Language Development in Children With Cochlear Implants.

ABSTRACT: Purpose Early language input plays an important role in child language and cognitive development (e.g., Gilkerson et al., 2018; Hart & Risley, 1995). In this study, we examined the effects of child's hearing status on lexical repetition properties of speech produced by their caregivers with normal hearing (NH). In addition, we investigated the relationship between maternal lexical repetition properties and later language skills in English-learning infants with cochlear implants (CIs). Method In a free-play session, 17 mothers and their prelingually deaf infants who received CIs before 2 years of age (CI group) were recorded at two post-CI intervals: 3 and 6 months postactivation; 18 hearing experience-matched infants with NH and their mothers and 14 chronological age-matched infants with NH group and their mothers were matched to the CI group. Maternal speech was transcribed from the recordings, and measures of maternal lexical repetition were obtained. Standardized language assessments were administered on children with CIs approximately two years after CI activation. Results The findings indicated that measures of lexical repetition were similar among the three groups of mothers, regardless of the hearing status of their infants. In addition, lexical repetition measures were correlated with later language skills in infants with CIs. Conclusions Infants with CIs receive the language input that contains similar lexical repetition properties as that in the speech received by their peers with NH, which is likely to play an important role in child speech processing and language development. These findings provide the knowledge for professionals to coach parents to implement specific language intervention strategies to support language development in infants with hearing loss. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.11936322.

SUBMITTER: Wang Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7229711 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Lexical Repetition Properties of Caregiver Speech and Language Development in Children With Cochlear Implants.

Wang Yuanyuan Y Jung Jongmin J Bergeson Tonya R TR Houston Derek M DM

Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR 20200311 3

Purpose Early language input plays an important role in child language and cognitive development (e.g., Gilkerson et al., 2018; Hart & Risley, 1995). In this study, we examined the effects of child's hearing status on lexical repetition properties of speech produced by their caregivers with normal hearing (NH). In addition, we investigated the relationship between maternal lexical repetition properties and later language skills in English-learning infants with cochlear implants (CIs). Method In ...[more]

PMID: 32155107

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Project description:Purpose Differences across language environments of prelingually deaf children who receive cochlear implants (CIs) may affect language acquisition; yet, whether mothers show individual differences in how they modify infant-directed (ID) compared with adult-directed (AD) speech has seldom been studied. This study assessed individual differences in how mothers realized speech modifications in ID register and whether these predicted differences in language outcomes for children with CIs. Method Participants were 36 dyads of mothers and their children aged 0;8-2;5 (years;months) at the time of CI implantation. Mothers' spontaneous speech was recorded in a lab setting in ID or AD conditions before ~15 months postimplantation. Mothers' speech samples were characterized for acoustic-phonetic and lexical properties established as canonical indices of ID speech to typically hearing infants, such as vowel space area differences, fundamental frequency variability, and speech rate. Children with CIs completed longitudinal administrations of one or more standardized language assessment instruments at variable intervals from 6 months to 9.5 years postimplantation. Standardized scores on assessments administered longitudinally were used to calculate linear regressions, which gave rise to predicted language scores for children at 2 years postimplantation and language growth over 2-year intervals. Results Mothers showed individual differences in how they modified speech in ID versus AD registers. Crucially, these individual differences significantly predicted differences in estimated language outcomes at 2 years postimplantation in children with CIs. Maternal speech variation in lexical quantity and vowel space area differences across ID and AD registers most frequently predicted estimates of language attainment in children with CIs, whereas prosodic differences played a minor role. Conclusion Results support that caregiver language behaviors play a substantial role in explaining variability in language attainment in children receiving CIs. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12560147.

Project description:Purpose: The aim of the present study was to explore fine lexical tuning in Dutch infant-directed speech (IDS) addressed to congenitally deaf infants who received a cochlear implant (CI) early in life (<2 years of age) in comparison with children with normal hearing (NH). The longitudinal pattern of parents' utterance length in the initial stages of the child's lexical development was examined. Parents' utterances containing the words the children eventually acquired in the earliest developmental stages were selected and their MLU (Mean Length of Utterance) was measured. Method: Transcriptions of monthly recordings of spontaneous interactions of 10 CI children and 30 NH children with their parents were analyzed. The children with CI were followed from the moment their device was switched on, and the NH children from the age of 6 months onwards. A total of 57,846 utterances of parents of CI children and 149,468 utterances of parents of NH children were analyzed. Results: IDS addressed to children with NH and children with CI exhibits fine lexical tuning: parents adjust the MLU of the utterances that contain the words that children are on the verge of producing themselves. More specifically, the parents' mean length of those utterances decreased in relation to the point when the children began using the item. Consequently, the number of occurrences in isolation of the lexical item increased. The speech addressed to all the children exhibited this phenomenon, but it was significantly more strongly present in speech addressed to the children with CI. Conclusions: The speech addressed to children with NH and CI is characterized by fine lexical tuning and a high incidence of single-word utterances in the period leading up to the children's first use of words in speech production. Notwithstanding striking commonalities, IDS addressed to children with a hearing impairment is markedly different, which suggests that parents take this specific character of the children into account.

Project description:ObjectivesNormally-hearing (NH) listeners rely more on prosodic cues than on lexical-semantic cues for emotion perception in speech. In everyday spoken communication, the ability to decipher conflicting information between prosodic and lexical-semantic cues to emotion can be important: for example, in identifying sarcasm or irony. Speech degradation in cochlear implants (CIs) can be sufficiently overcome to identify lexical-semantic cues, but the distortion of voice pitch cues makes it particularly challenging to hear prosody with CIs. The purpose of this study was to examine changes in relative reliance on prosodic and lexical-semantic cues in NH adults listening to spectrally degraded speech and adult CI users. We hypothesized that, compared with NH counterparts, CI users would show increased reliance on lexical-semantic cues and reduced reliance on prosodic cues for emotion perception. We predicted that NH listeners would show a similar pattern when listening to CI-simulated versions of emotional speech.DesignSixteen NH adults and 8 postlingually deafened adult CI users participated in the study. Sentences were created to convey five lexical-semantic emotions (angry, happy, neutral, sad, and scared), with five sentences expressing each category of emotion. Each of these 25 sentences was then recorded with the 5 (angry, happy, neutral, sad, and scared) prosodic emotions by 2 adult female talkers. The resulting stimulus set included 125 recordings (25 Sentences × 5 Prosodic Emotions) per talker, of which 25 were congruent (consistent lexical-semantic and prosodic cues to emotion) and the remaining 100 were incongruent (conflicting lexical-semantic and prosodic cues to emotion). The recordings were processed to have 3 levels of spectral degradation: full-spectrum, CI-simulated (noise-vocoded) to have 8 channels and 16 channels of spectral information, respectively. Twenty-five recordings (one sentence per lexical-semantic emotion recorded in all five prosodies) were used for a practice run in the full-spectrum condition. The remaining 100 recordings were used as test stimuli. For each talker and condition of spectral degradation, listeners indicated the emotion associated with each recording in a single-interval, five-alternative forced-choice task. The responses were scored as proportion correct, where "correct" responses corresponded to the lexical-semantic emotion. CI users heard only the full-spectrum condition.ResultsThe results showed a significant interaction between hearing status (NH, CI) and congruency in identifying the lexical-semantic emotion associated with the stimuli. This interaction was as predicted, that is, CI users showed increased reliance on lexical-semantic cues in the incongruent conditions, while NH listeners showed increased reliance on the prosodic cues in the incongruent conditions. As predicted, NH listeners showed increased reliance on lexical-semantic cues to emotion when the stimuli were spectrally degraded.ConclusionsThe present study confirmed previous findings of prosodic dominance for emotion perception by NH listeners in the full-spectrum condition. Further, novel findings with CI patients and NH listeners in the CI-simulated conditions showed reduced reliance on prosodic cues and increased reliance on lexical-semantic cues to emotion. These results have implications for CI listeners' ability to perceive conflicts between prosodic and lexical-semantic cues, with repercussions for their identification of sarcasm and humor. Understanding instances of sarcasm or humor can impact a person's ability to develop relationships, follow conversation, understand vocal emotion and intended message of a speaker, following jokes, and everyday communication in general.

Project description:Cochlear implantation is a surgical alternative to traditional amplification (hearing aids) that can facilitate spoken language development in young children with severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL).To prospectively assess spoken language acquisition following cochlear implantation in young children.Prospective, longitudinal, and multidimensional assessment of spoken language development over a 3-year period in children who underwent cochlear implantation before 5 years of age (n = 188) from 6 US centers and hearing children of similar ages (n = 97) from 2 preschools recruited between November 2002 and December 2004. Follow-up completed between November 2005 and May 2008.Performance on measures of spoken language comprehension and expression (Reynell Developmental Language Scales).Children undergoing cochlear implantation showed greater improvement in spoken language performance (10.4; 95% confidence interval [CI], 9.6-11.2 points per year in comprehension; 8.4; 95% CI, 7.8-9.0 in expression) than would be predicted by their preimplantation baseline scores (5.4; 95% CI, 4.1-6.7, comprehension; 5.8; 95% CI, 4.6-7.0, expression), although mean scores were not restored to age-appropriate levels after 3 years. Younger age at cochlear implantation was associated with significantly steeper rate increases in comprehension (1.1; 95% CI, 0.5-1.7 points per year younger) and expression (1.0; 95% CI, 0.6-1.5 points per year younger). Similarly, each 1-year shorter history of hearing deficit was associated with steeper rate increases in comprehension (0.8; 95% CI, 0.2-1.2 points per year shorter) and expression (0.6; 95% CI, 0.2-1.0 points per year shorter). In multivariable analyses, greater residual hearing prior to cochlear implantation, higher ratings of parent-child interactions, and higher socioeconomic status were associated with greater rates of improvement in comprehension and expression.The use of cochlear implants in young children was associated with better spoken language learning than would be predicted from their preimplantation scores.

Dataset Information

Lexical Repetition Properties of Caregiver Speech and Language Development in Children With Cochlear Implants.

Publications

Lexical Repetition Properties of Caregiver Speech and Language Development in Children With Cochlear Implants.

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