Dataset Information

Individual Differences in Mothers' Spontaneous Infant-Directed Speech Predict Language Attainment in Children With Cochlear Implants.

ABSTRACT: Purpose Differences across language environments of prelingually deaf children who receive cochlear implants (CIs) may affect language acquisition; yet, whether mothers show individual differences in how they modify infant-directed (ID) compared with adult-directed (AD) speech has seldom been studied. This study assessed individual differences in how mothers realized speech modifications in ID register and whether these predicted differences in language outcomes for children with CIs. Method Participants were 36 dyads of mothers and their children aged 0;8-2;5 (years;months) at the time of CI implantation. Mothers' spontaneous speech was recorded in a lab setting in ID or AD conditions before ~15 months postimplantation. Mothers' speech samples were characterized for acoustic-phonetic and lexical properties established as canonical indices of ID speech to typically hearing infants, such as vowel space area differences, fundamental frequency variability, and speech rate. Children with CIs completed longitudinal administrations of one or more standardized language assessment instruments at variable intervals from 6 months to 9.5 years postimplantation. Standardized scores on assessments administered longitudinally were used to calculate linear regressions, which gave rise to predicted language scores for children at 2 years postimplantation and language growth over 2-year intervals. Results Mothers showed individual differences in how they modified speech in ID versus AD registers. Crucially, these individual differences significantly predicted differences in estimated language outcomes at 2 years postimplantation in children with CIs. Maternal speech variation in lexical quantity and vowel space area differences across ID and AD registers most frequently predicted estimates of language attainment in children with CIs, whereas prosodic differences played a minor role. Conclusion Results support that caregiver language behaviors play a substantial role in explaining variability in language attainment in children receiving CIs. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12560147.

SUBMITTER: Dilley L

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7838839 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Individual Differences in Mothers' Spontaneous Infant-Directed Speech Predict Language Attainment in Children With Cochlear Implants.

Dilley Laura L Lehet Matthew M Wieland Elizabeth A EA Arjmandi Meisam K MK Kondaurova Maria M Wang Yuanyuan Y Reed Jessa J Svirsky Mario M Houston Derek D Bergeson Tonya T

Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR 20200630 7

Purpose Differences across language environments of prelingually deaf children who receive cochlear implants (CIs) may affect language acquisition; yet, whether mothers show individual differences in how they modify infant-directed (ID) compared with adult-directed (AD) speech has seldom been studied. This study assessed individual differences in how mothers realized speech modifications in ID register and whether these predicted differences in language outcomes for children with CIs. Method Par ...[more]

PMID: 32603621

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Project description:ObjectivesThe primary objective of the study was to examine the occurrence and temporal structure of vocal turn-taking during spontaneous interactions between mothers and their children with cochlear implants (CI) over the first year after cochlear implantation as compared with interactions between mothers and children with normal hearing (NH).DesignMothers' unstructured play sessions with children with CI (n = 12) were recorded at 2 time points, 3 months (mean age 18.3 months) and 9 months (mean age 27.5 months) post-CI. A separate control group of mothers with age-matched hearing children (n = 12) was recorded at the same 2 time points. Five types of events were coded: mother and child vocalizations, vocalizations including speech overlap, and between- and within-speaker pauses. We analyzed the proportion of child and mother vocalizations involved in turn-taking, the temporal structure of turn-taking, and the temporal reciprocity of turn-taking using proportions of simultaneous speech and the duration of between- and within-speaker pauses.ResultsThe CI group produced a significantly smaller proportion of vocalizations in turn-taking than the NH group at the first session; however, CI children's proportion of vocalizations in turn-taking increased over time. There was a significantly larger proportion of simultaneous speech in the CI compared with the NH group at the first session. The CI group produced longer between-speaker pauses as compared with those in the NH group at the first session with mothers decreasing the duration of between-speaker pauses over time. NH infants and mothers in both groups produced longer within- than between-speaker pauses but CI infants demonstrated the opposite pattern. In addition, the duration of mothers' between-speaker pauses (CI and NH) was predicted by the duration of the infants' between-speaker pauses.ConclusionsVocal turn-taking and timing in both members of the dyad, the mother and infant, were sensitive to the experiential effects of child hearing loss and remediation with CI. Child hearing status affected dyad-specific coordination in the timing of responses between mothers and their children.

Project description:ObjectivesPrevious research has demonstrated the feasibility of programming cochlear implants (CIs) via telepractice. To effectively use telepractice in a comprehensive manner, all components of a clinical CI visit should be validated using remote technology. Speech-perception testing is important for monitoring outcomes with a CI, but it has yet to be validated for remote service delivery. The objective of this study, therefore, was to evaluate the feasibility of using direct audio input (DAI) as an alternative to traditional sound-booth speech-perception testing for serving people with CIs via telepractice. Specifically, our goal was to determine whether there was a significant difference in speech-perception scores between the remote DAI (telepractice) and the traditional (in-person) sound-booth conditions.DesignThis study used a prospective, split-half-design to test speech perception in the remote DAI and in-person sound-booth conditions. Thirty-two adults and older children with CIs participated; all had a minimum of 6 months of experience with their device. Speech-perception tests included the consonant-nucleus-consonant (CNC) words, Hearing-in-Noise test (HINT) sentences, and Arizona Biomedical Institute at Arizona State University (AzBio) sentences. All three tests were administered at levels of 50 and 60 dBA in quiet. Sentence stimuli were also presented in 4-talker babble at signal to noise ratios (SNRs) of +10 and +5 dB for both the 50- and 60-dBA presentation levels. A repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to assess the effects of location (remote, in person), stimulus level (50, 60 dBA), and SNR (if applicable; quiet, +10, +5 dB) on each outcome measure (CNC, HINT, AzBio).ResultsThe results showed no significant effect of location for any of the tests administered (p > 0.1). There was no significant effect of presentation level for CNC words or phonemes (p > 0.2). There was, however, a significant effect of level (p < 0.001) for both HINT and AzBio sentences, but the direction of the effect was opposite of what was expected-scores were poorer for 60 dBA than for 50 dBA. For both sentence tests, there was a significant effect of SNR, with poorer performance for worsening SNRs, as expected.ConclusionsThe present study demonstrated that speech-perception testing via telepractice is feasible using DAI. There was no significant difference in scores between the remote and in-person conditions, which suggests that DAI testing can be used as a valid alternative to standard sound-booth testing. The primary limitation is that the calibration tools are presently not commercially available.

Dataset Information

Individual Differences in Mothers' Spontaneous Infant-Directed Speech Predict Language Attainment in Children With Cochlear Implants.

Publications

Individual Differences in Mothers' Spontaneous Infant-Directed Speech Predict Language Attainment in Children With Cochlear Implants.

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