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Chemical modification of MTA and CEM cement to decrease setting time and improve bioactivity properties by adding alkaline salts.

ABSTRACT: Background. Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and Calcium-enriched Mixture (CEM) cement are used for pulp capping since they induce the formation of a dentinal bridge. Long setting time is a shortcoming of these types of cement. This study aimed to assess the effect of the incorporation of some alkaline salts to MTA and CEM cement on their setting time, ion release profile, pH, and surface morphology. Methods. In this in vitro experimental study, 5% calcium chloride (CaCl2), calcium oxide (CaO), sodium fluoride (NaF), and calcium nitrate [Ca(NO3)2] were separately added to MTA and CEM cement. The primary and final setting times of the cements were measured using a Gillmore needle apparatus. The samples were immersed in simulated body fluid (SBF) for one, seven, and 14 days and subjected to x-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for phase identification and surface morphology assessment. The change in the pH of solutions was studied, and the calcium ion release profile was determined using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). The data were analyzed with ANOVA, followed by post hoc tests. Results. CaCl2 and CaO decreased the setting time of MTA, and Ca(NO3)2 decreased the setting time of CEM cement. The incorporation of the salts increased the pH and calcium ion release from both cements, and hydroxyapatite deposits were noted to cover the surface of the samples (observed by SEM and confirmed by EDXA). Conclusion. The incorporation of CaCl2 and CaO into MTA and Ca(NO3)2 into CEM cement decreased their setting time and increased their pH and calcium ion release.

SUBMITTER: Jamali Zavare F

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7235698 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Chemical modification of MTA and CEM cement to decrease setting time and improve bioactivity properties by adding alkaline salts.

Jamali Zavare Faeze F Nojehdehian Hanieh H Moezizadeh Maryam M Daneshpooy Mehdi M

Journal of dental research, dental clinics, dental prospects 20200101 1

Background. Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and Calcium-enriched Mixture (CEM) cement are used for pulp capping since they induce the formation of a dentinal bridge. Long setting time is a shortcoming of these types of cement. This study aimed to assess the effect of the incorporation of some alkaline salts to MTA and CEM cement on their setting time, ion release profile, pH, and surface morphology. Methods. In this in vitro experimental study, 5% calcium chloride (C ...[more]

PMID: 32454952

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Project description:IntroductionECC (Early childhood caries) is very common in children. Because of the small size of primary anterior teeth, endodontic exposures occur early. Pulp tissue response after pulpotomy of primary anterior teeth by both MTA and Portland Cement is very important when pulp exposures occur in these teeth.AimThis study aimed to evaluate in vivo pulp tissue responses after the primary canines pulpotomy with either White Portland Cement (WPC) or White Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (WMTA), by histopathological analysis.Materials and methodsThe study included 30 primary canines in 21 healthy children aged 6-9 years old and it was classified into 2 groups according to the material. Group 1: included 15 teeth capped by White Portland Cement, and Group 2: included 15 teeth capped by white MTA. The dentine bridge formation, soft Tissue Organization, tissue fibrosis, formed dentin bridge thickness, pulp calcifications, hemorrhage in the pulp tissue, and deposition of new dentin on the inner surface of the dentin at 3 months periods were recorded.ResultsData were analyzed statistically; the Mann-Whitney U test was performed for the assessment of histopathological criteria. Descriptive statistics were performed for the analysis of participant properties. Histopathological analysis showed complete dentin bridge formation and normal soft tissue organization for both materials. Statistical analysis showed no significant differences in dentine bridge formation (P value = 0.213), soft Tissue Organization (P value = 0.339), tissue fibrosis (P value = 0.079), formed dentin bridge thickness (P value = 0.139), pulp calcifications (P value = 0.581), hemorrhage in the pulp tissue (P value = 0.117), and deposition of new dentin (P value = 0.097), during the observation period.ConclusionsWithin the limitation of the current study WPC was similar to WMTA in terms of histological criteria so PC may serve as a good alternative to MTA in primary teeth pulpotomy.

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Chemical modification of MTA and CEM cement to decrease setting time and improve bioactivity properties by adding alkaline salts.

Publications

Chemical modification of MTA and CEM cement to decrease setting time and improve bioactivity properties by adding alkaline salts.

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