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Lanthanoids Goes Healing: Lanthanoidic Metallopolymers and Their Scratch Closure Behavior.

ABSTRACT: Metallopolymers represent an interesting combination of inorganic metal complexes and polymers resulting in a variety of outstanding properties and applications. One field of interest are stimuli-responsive materials and, in particular, self-healing polymers. These systems could be achieved by the incorporation of terpyridine-lanthanoid complexes of Eu (III), Tb (III), and Dy (III) in the side chains of well-defined copolymers, which were prepared applying the reversible addition fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT)-polymerization technique. The metal complexes crosslink the polymer chains in order to form reversible supramolecular networks. These dynamics enable the self-healing behavior. The information on composition, reversibility, and stability of the complexes was obtained by isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC). Moreover, self-healing experiments were performed by using 3D-microscopy and indentation.

SUBMITTER: Gotz S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7240633 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Lanthanoids Goes Healing: Lanthanoidic Metallopolymers and Their Scratch Closure Behavior.

Götz Stefan S Zechel Stefan S Hager Martin D MD Schubert Ulrich S US

Polymers 20200406 4

Metallopolymers represent an interesting combination of inorganic metal complexes and polymers resulting in a variety of outstanding properties and applications. One field of interest are stimuli-responsive materials and, in particular, self-healing polymers. These systems could be achieved by the incorporation of terpyridine-lanthanoid complexes of Eu (III), Tb (III), and Dy (III) in the side chains of well-defined copolymers, which were prepared applying the reversible addition fragmentation c ...[more]

PMID: 32268577

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Project description:IntroductionPrenatal growth impairment leads to higher preference for palatable foods in comparison to normal prenatal growth subjects, which can contribute to increased body fat mass and a higher risk for developing chronic diseases in small-for-gestational-age (SGA) individuals throughout life. This study aimed to investigate the effect of SGA on feeding behavior in children and adolescents, as well as resting-state connectivity between areas related to reward, self-control, and value determination, such as orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DL-PFC), amygdala and dorsal striatum (DS).MethodsCaregivers and their offspring were recruited from two independent cohorts in Brazil (PROTAIA) and Canada (MAVAN). Both cohorts included anthropometric measurements, food choice tasks, and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data.ResultsIn the Brazilian sample (17 ± 0.28 years, n=70), 21.4% of adolescents were classified as SGA. They exhibited lower monetary-related expenditure to buy a snack compared to controls in the food choice test. Decreased functional connectivity (n=40) between left OFC and left DL-PFC; and between right OFC and: left amygdala, right DS, and left DS were observed in the Brazilian SGA participants. Canadian SGA participants (14.9%) had non-significant differences in comparison with controls in a food choice task at 4 years old ( ± 0.01, n=315). At a follow-up brain scan visit (10.21 ± 0.140 years, n=49), SGA participants (28.6%) exhibited higher connectivity between the left OFC and left DL-PFC, also higher connectivity between the left OFC and right DL-PFC. We did not observe significant anthropometric neither nutrients' intake differences between groups in both samples.ConclusionsResting-state fMRI results showed that SGA individuals had altered connectivity between areas involved in encoding the subjective value for available goods and decision-making in both samples, which can pose them in disadvantage when facing food options daily. Over the years, the cumulative exposure to particular food cues together with the altered behavior towards food, such as food purchasing, as seen in the adolescent cohort, can play a role in the long-term risk for developing chronic non-communicable diseases.

Project description:ObjectiveTo determine the relative effects of open healing compared with primary closure for pilonidal sinus and optimal closure method (midline v off-midline).DesignSystematic review and meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials.Data sourcesCochrane register of controlled trials, Cochrane Wounds Group specialised trials register, Medline (1950-2007), Embase, and CINAHL bibliographic databases, without language restrictions.Data extractionPrimary outcomes were time (days) to healing, surgical site infection, and recurrence rate. Secondary outcomes were time to return to work, other complications and morbidity, cost, length of hospital stay, and wound healing rate.Study selectionRandomised controlled trials evaluating surgical treatment of pilonidal sinus in patients aged 14 years or more. Data were extracted independently by two reviewers and assessed for quality. Meta-analyses used fixed and random effects models, dichotomous data were reported as relative risks or Peto odds ratios and continuous data are given as mean differences; all with 95% confidence intervals.Results18 trials (n=1573) were included. 12 trials compared open healing with primary closure. Time to healing was quicker after primary closure although data were unsuitable for aggregation. Rates of surgical site infection did not differ; recurrence was less likely to occur after open healing (relative risk 0.42, 0.26 to 0.66). 14 patients would require their wound to heal by open healing to prevent one recurrence. Six trials compared surgical closure methods (midline v off-midline). Wounds took longer to heal after midline closure than after off-midline closure (mean difference 5.4 days, 95% confidence interval 2.3 to 8.5), rate of infection was higher (relative risk 4.70, 95% confidence interval 1.93 to 11.45), and risk of recurrence higher (Peto odds ratio 4.95, 95% confidence interval 2.18 to 11.24). Nine patients would need to be treated by an off-midline procedure to prevent one surgical site infection and 11 would need to be treated to prevent one recurrence.ConclusionsWounds heal more quickly after primary closure than after open healing but at the expense of increased risk of recurrence. Benefits were clearly shown with off-midline closure compared with midline closure. Off-midline closure should become standard management for pilonidal sinus when closure is the desired surgical option.

Dataset Information

Lanthanoids Goes Healing: Lanthanoidic Metallopolymers and Their Scratch Closure Behavior.

Publications

Lanthanoids Goes Healing: Lanthanoidic Metallopolymers and Their Scratch Closure Behavior.

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