Dataset Information

Enhancing the Antiviral Efficacy of RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase Inhibition by Combination with Modulators of Pyrimidine Metabolism.

ABSTRACT: Genome-wide analysis of the mode of action of GSK983, a potent antiviral agent, led to the identification of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase as its target along with the discovery that genetic knockdown of pyrimidine salvage sensitized cells to GSK983. Because GSK983 is an ineffective antiviral in the presence of physiological uridine concentrations, we explored combining GSK983 with pyrimidine salvage inhibitors. We synthesized and evaluated analogs of cyclopentenyl uracil (CPU), an inhibitor of uridine salvage. We found that CPU was converted into its triphosphate in cells. When combined with GSK983, CPU resulted in large drops in cellular UTP and CTP pools. Consequently, CPU-GSK983 suppressed dengue virus replication in the presence of physiological concentrations of uridine. In addition, the CPU-GSK983 combination markedly enhanced the effect of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) inhibition on viral infection. Our findings highlight a new host-targeting strategy for potentiating the antiviral activity of RdRp inhibitors.

SUBMITTER: Liu Q

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7241336 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Enhancing the Antiviral Efficacy of RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase Inhibition by Combination with Modulators of Pyrimidine Metabolism.

Liu Qi Q Gupta Amita A Okesli-Armlovich Ayse A Qiao Wenjie W Fischer Curt R CR Smith Mark M Carette Jan E JE Bassik Michael C MC Khosla Chaitan C

Cell chemical biology 20200521 6

Genome-wide analysis of the mode of action of GSK983, a potent antiviral agent, led to the identification of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase as its target along with the discovery that genetic knockdown of pyrimidine salvage sensitized cells to GSK983. Because GSK983 is an ineffective antiviral in the presence of physiological uridine concentrations, we explored combining GSK983 with pyrimidine salvage inhibitors. We synthesized and evaluated analogs of cyclopentenyl uracil (CPU), an inhibitor of u ...[more]

PMID: 32442424

Similar Datasets

Project description:RNA interference (RNAi) functions as the major host antiviral defense in insects, while less is understood about how to utilize antiviral RNAi in controlling viral infection in insects. Enoxacin belongs to the family of synthetic antibacterial compounds based on a fluoroquinolone skeleton that has been previously found to enhance RNAi in mammalian cells. In this study, we show that enoxacin efficiently inhibited viral replication of Drosophila C virus (DCV) and cricket paralysis virus (CrPV) in cultured Drosophila cells. Enoxacin promoted the loading of Dicer-2-processed virus-derived small interfering RNA (siRNA) into the RNA-induced silencing complex, thereby enhancing the antiviral RNAi response in infected cells. Moreover, enoxacin treatment elicited RNAi-dependent in vivo protective efficacy against DCV or CrPV challenge in adult fruit flies. In addition, enoxacin also inhibited the replication of flaviviruses, including dengue virus and Zika virus, in Aedes mosquito cells in an RNAi-dependent manner. Together, our findings demonstrate that enoxacin can enhance RNAi in insects, and enhancing RNAi by enoxacin is an effective antiviral strategy against diverse viruses in insects, which may be exploited as a broad-spectrum antiviral agent to control the vector transmission of arboviruses or viral diseases in insect farming. IMPORTANCE RNAi has been widely recognized as one of the most broadly acting and robust antiviral mechanisms in insects. However, the application of antiviral RNAi in controlling viral infections in insects is less understood. Enoxacin is a fluoroquinolone compound that was previously found to enhance RNAi in mammalian cells, while its RNAi-enhancing activity has not been assessed in insects. Here, we show that enoxacin treatment inhibited viral replication of DCV and CrPV in Drosophila cells and adult fruit flies. Enoxacin promoted the loading of Dicer-generated virus-derived siRNA into the Ago2-incorporated RNA-induced silencing complex and in turn strengthened the antiviral RNAi response in the infected cells. Moreover, enoxacin displayed effective RNAi-dependent antiviral effects against flaviviruses, such as dengue virus and Zika virus, in mosquito cells. This study is the first to demonstrate that enhancing RNAi by enoxacin elicits potent antiviral effects against diverse viruses in insects.

Dataset Information

Enhancing the Antiviral Efficacy of RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase Inhibition by Combination with Modulators of Pyrimidine Metabolism.

Publications

Enhancing the Antiviral Efficacy of RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase Inhibition by Combination with Modulators of Pyrimidine Metabolism.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets