Dataset Information

Comparison between conventional and HD-tDCS of the right inferior frontal gyrus in children and adolescents with ADHD.

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE:To investigate whether the effects of HD-tDCS and conventional tDCS of the right IFG are superior to the effects of sham stimulation for the improvement of working memory performance in ADHD. METHODS:15 ADHD patients between 10 and 16 years underwent three tDCS sessions in which conventional, HD and sham tDCS of the right IFG were applied. In all sessions a 2-back working memory task was solved and EEG was recorded. Baseline data were assessed from 15 age matched healthy controls. RESULTS:In ADHD patients, increased positive values of P300 and N200 mean amplitudes were found after conventional and HD-tDCS. Thus, both components were more in resemblance to ERPs in healthy controls. Behavioral performance was not generally influenced by tDCS but effects of HD-tDCS depended on individual hyperactive/impulsive symptom load. The rate of responders for HD-tDCS was equivalent to the responder rate for conventional tDCS. CONCLUSIONS:ERP data indicate that HD-tDCS is equally suitable as conventional tDCS for the recruitment of the right IFG in the context of working memory processing. SIGNIFICANCE:HD-tDCS of the right IFG is a promising approach for neuromodulation in ADHD but further research is necessary to develop adaptations that produce reliable behavioral benefits.

SUBMITTER: Breitling C

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7250280 | biostudies-literature | 2020 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Comparison between conventional and HD-tDCS of the right inferior frontal gyrus in children and adolescents with ADHD.

Breitling Carolin C Zaehle Tino T Dannhauer Moritz M Tegelbeckers Jana J Flechtner Hans-Henning HH Krauel Kerstin K

Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology 20200124 5

<h4>Objective</h4>To investigate whether the effects of HD-tDCS and conventional tDCS of the right IFG are superior to the effects of sham stimulation for the improvement of working memory performance in ADHD.<h4>Methods</h4>15 ADHD patients between 10 and 16 years underwent three tDCS sessions in which conventional, HD and sham tDCS of the right IFG were applied. In all sessions a 2-back working memory task was solved and EEG was recorded. Baseline data were assessed from 15 age matched healthy ...[more]

PMID: 32029377

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Project description:Response inhibition is defined as the capacity to adequately withdraw pre-planned responses. It has been shown that individuals with deficits in inhibiting pre-planned responses tend to display more aggressive behaviour. The prefrontal cortex is involved in both, response inhibition and aggression. While response inhibition is mostly associated with predominantly right prefrontal activity, the neural components underlying aggression seem to be left-lateralized. These differences in hemispheric dominance are conceptualized in cortical asymmetry theories on motivational direction, which assign avoidance motivation (relevant to inhibit responses) to the right and approach motivation (relevant for aggressive actions) to the left prefrontal cortex. The current study aimed to directly address the inverse relationship between response inhibition and aggression by assessing them within one experiment. Sixty-nine healthy participants underwent bilateral transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) to the inferior frontal cortex. In one group we induced right-hemispheric fronto-cortical dominance by means of a combined right prefrontal anodal and left prefrontal cathodal tDCS montage. In a second group we induced left-hemispheric fronto-cortical dominance by means of a combined left prefrontal anodal and right prefrontal cathodal tDCS montage. A control group received sham stimulation. Response inhibition was assessed with a go/no-go task (GNGT) and aggression with the Taylor Aggression Paradigm (TAP). We revealed that participants with poorer performance in the GNGT displayed more aggression during the TAP. No effects of bilateral prefrontal tDCS on either response inhibition or aggression were observed. This is at odds with previous brain stimulation studies applying unilateral protocols. Our results failed to provide evidence in support of the prefrontal cortical asymmetry model in the domain of response inhibition and aggression. The absence of tDCS effects might also indicate that the methodological approach of shifting cortical asymmetry by means of bilateral tDCS protocols has failed.

Dataset Information

Comparison between conventional and HD-tDCS of the right inferior frontal gyrus in children and adolescents with ADHD.

Publications

Comparison between conventional and HD-tDCS of the right inferior frontal gyrus in children and adolescents with ADHD.

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