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Occupational exposure to Brucella spp.: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

ABSTRACT: Brucellosis is a neglected zoonotic disease of remarkable importance worldwide. The focus of this systematic review was to investigate occupational brucellosis and to identify the main infection risks for each group exposed to the pathogen. Seven databases were used to identify papers related to occupational brucellosis: CABI, Cochrane, Pubmed, Scielo, Science Direct, Scopus and Web of Science. The search resulted in 6123 studies, of which 63 were selected using the quality assessment tools guided from National Institutes of Health (NIH) and Case Report Guidelines (CARE). Five different job-related groups were considered greatly exposed to the disease: rural workers, abattoir workers, veterinarians and veterinary assistants, laboratory workers and hunters. The main risk factors and exposure sources involved in the occupational infection observed from the analysis of the articles were direct contact with animal fluids, failure to comply with the use of personal protective equipment, accidental exposure to live attenuated anti-brucellosis vaccines and non-compliance with biosafety standards. Brucella species frequently isolated from job-related infection were Brucella melitensis, Brucella abortus, Brucella suis and Brucella canis. In addition, a meta-analysis was performed using the case-control studies and demonstrated that animal breeders, laboratory workers and abattoir workers have 3.47 [95% confidence interval (CI); 1.47-8.19] times more chance to become infected with Brucella spp. than others individuals that have no contact with the possible sources of infection. This systematic review improved the understanding of the epidemiology of brucellosis as an occupational disease. Rural workers, abattoir workers, veterinarians, laboratory workers and hunters were the groups more exposed to occupational Brucella spp. infection. Moreover, it was observed that the lack of knowledge about brucellosis among frequently exposed professionals, in addition to some behaviors, such as negligence in the use of individual and collective protective measures, increases the probability of infection.

SUBMITTER: Pereira CR

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7252629 | biostudies-literature | 2020 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Occupational exposure to Brucella spp.: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Pereira Carine Rodrigues CR Cotrim de Almeida João Vitor Fernandes JVF Cardoso de Oliveira Izabela Regina IR Faria de Oliveira Luciana L Pereira Luciano José LJ Zangerônimo Márcio Gilberto MG Lage Andrey Pereira AP Dorneles Elaine Maria Seles EMS

PLoS neglected tropical diseases 20200511 5

Brucellosis is a neglected zoonotic disease of remarkable importance worldwide. The focus of this systematic review was to investigate occupational brucellosis and to identify the main infection risks for each group exposed to the pathogen. Seven databases were used to identify papers related to occupational brucellosis: CABI, Cochrane, Pubmed, Scielo, Science Direct, Scopus and Web of Science. The search resulted in 6123 studies, of which 63 were selected using the quality assessment tools guid ...[more]

PMID: 32392223

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Project description:BackgroundBenzene, an important component of organic solvents, is commonly used in industry. Meanwhile, benzene is a human carcinogen leading to leukemia. Although the links between benzene and various types of genetic damage indicators have been evaluated in several studies, but their results remain inconsistent. So we conducted a meta-analysis, and to explore the influence of low concentration benzene exposure on workers' genetic damage indicators using 3.25 mg/m3 as the boundary value, in order to provide a basis for improved prevention and control of the harm from benzene exposure to the occupational population.MethodsWe conducted a search of five databases, including Pub Med, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wan Fang Data and Chongqing VIP, to identify relevant articles up to December 25, 2018. Two researchers independently extracted and evaluated the data according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the literature. The imported articles were managed by Endnote X7, and the data were extracted and sorted by Excel 2013. We utilized Stata 12.0 software to perform the meta-analysis in the present study.ResultsA total of 68 eligible articles were finally included for the synthetic analyses. The meta-analysis results showed that occupational benzene exposure led to significantly increased Micronucleus (MN) frequency, Sister chromatid exchange (SCE) frequency, Chromosome aberration (CA) frequency, Olive Tail moment (OTM), Tail moment (TM), Tail length (TL), and Tail DNA% (T DNA%) compared to the control group (P < 0.05), and the pooled effect value estimates were 1.36, 0.98, 0.76, 1.06, 0.96, 1.78, and 1.42, respectively. Subsequent analysis of the effect of low concentration benzene exposure on genetic damage found significantly increased MN frequency increased compared with the control group (P < 0.05).ConclusionsOccupational benzene exposure can affect multiple genetic damage indicators. Even at an exposure concentration lower than 3.25 mg/m3, benzene exposure has genotoxicity. These data provide an important scientific basis for the further revision of occupational disease prevention strategies. At the same time, increased attention should be focused on the health monitoring of the occupational population exposed to benzene, and health management should be strengthened to improve the health of the occupational population.

Project description:ObjectiveTo search for evidence of the relationship between occupational silica exposure and heart disease.DesignA systematic review and meta-analysis.BackgroundGrowing evidence suggests a relationship between occupational silica exposure and heart disease; however, the link between them is less clear.Data sourcesPubMed, ScienceDirect, Springer and EMBASE were searched for articles published between 1 January 1995 and 20 June 2019. Articles that investigated the effects of occupational silica exposure on the risk of heart disease were considered.Study selectionWe included cohort studies, including prospective, retrospective and retroprospective studies.Data extraction and synthesisWe extracted data using a piloted data collection form and conducted random-effects meta-analysis and exposure-response analysis. The meta-relative risk (meta-RR), a measure of the average ratio of heart disease rates in those with and without silica exposure, was used as an inverse variance-weighted average of relative risks from the individual studies. The Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale for cohort studies was used for study quality assessment.Outcome measureWe calculated the risk of heart diseases such as pulmonary heart disease, ischaemic heart disease and others.ResultsTwenty cohort studies were included. The results suggest a significant increase in the risk of overall heart disease (meta-RR=1.08, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.13). Stronger evidence of association with pulmonary heart disease was found in the risk estimate of both categories of heart disease (meta-RR=1.24, 95% CI 1.08 to 1.43) and in the exposure-response analysis (meta-RR=1.39, 95% CI 1.19 to 1.62). Our subgroup analyses also revealed that the statistical heterogeneity among studies could be attributed mainly to the diversity in reference group, occupation and study quality score.ConclusionsSilica-exposed workers are at an increased risk for overall heart disease, especially pulmonary heart disease. Further research is needed to better clarify the relationship between occupational silica exposure and ischaemic heart disease.Prospero registration numberCRD42019124673.

Dataset Information

Occupational exposure to Brucella spp.: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Publications

Occupational exposure to Brucella spp.: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

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