Dataset Information

The effect of Virtual Reality on evoked potentials following painful electrical stimuli and subjective pain.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Virtual reality (VR) has been shown to reduce pain, however outcome parameters of previous studies have primarily been of a subjective nature and susceptible to bias. This study investigated the effect of VR on cortical processing of evoked potentials (EPs) and subjectively reported pain. Additionally, we explored whether subjects' demographic and personal characteristics modulated the effect of VR analgesia.

Methods

Three VR conditions were compared in a randomized cross-over study of 30 healthy volunteers: Passive VR (i.e. no interaction possible with the virtual world), active VR (interactive virtual environment) and no VR (black screen). Subjects received noxious electrical stimuli at random intervals during all conditions. EPs, recorded at Cz, were extracted time locked to stimuli. Pain scores were reported after each condition.

Results

Active VR significantly decreased pain scores and amplitudes of N1 and P3. Passive VR had no analgesic effect. Age was significantly correlated to pain scores, with older subjects demonstrating larger effects of VR. Gender, game experience, and susceptibility for immersion, did not influence VR analgesia.

Conclusion

Active VR decreases pre-perceptual and perceptual brain activity following painful electrical stimuli, corresponding with reduced pain experience. VR has potential to serve as a non-pharmacologic treatment for pain, particularly in elderly patients.

SUBMITTER: Lier EJ

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7270181 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

The effect of Virtual Reality on evoked potentials following painful electrical stimuli and subjective pain.

Lier E J EJ Oosterman J M JM Assmann R R de Vries M M van Goor H H

Scientific reports 20200603 1

<h4>Background</h4>Virtual reality (VR) has been shown to reduce pain, however outcome parameters of previous studies have primarily been of a subjective nature and susceptible to bias. This study investigated the effect of VR on cortical processing of evoked potentials (EPs) and subjectively reported pain. Additionally, we explored whether subjects' demographic and personal characteristics modulated the effect of VR analgesia.<h4>Methods</h4>Three VR conditions were compared in a randomized cro ...[more]

PMID: 32494060

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Project description:IntroductionThe annual mortality and national expense of the opioid crisis continue to rise in the USA (130 deaths/day, $50 billion/year). Opioid use disorder usually starts with the prescription of opioids for a medical condition. Its risk is associated with greater pain intensity and coping strategies characterised by pain catastrophising. Non-pharmacological analgesics in the hospital setting are critical to abate the opioid epidemic. One promising intervention is virtual reality (VR) therapy. It has performed well as a distraction tool and pain modifier during medical procedures; however, little is known about VR in the acute pain setting following traumatic injury. Furthermore, no studies have investigated VR in the setting of traumatic brain injury (TBI). This study aims to establish the safety and effect of VR therapy in the inpatient setting for acute traumatic injuries, including TBI.Methods and analysisIn this randomised within-subjects clinical study, immersive VR therapy will be compared with two controls in patients with traumatic injury, including TBI. Affective measures including pain catastrophising, trait anxiety and depression will be captured prior to beginning sessions. Before and after each session, we will capture pain intensity and unpleasantness, additional affective measures and physiological measures associated with pain response, such as heart rate and variability, pupillometry and respiratory rate. The primary outcome is the change in pain intensity of the VR session compared with controls.Ethics and disseminationDissemination of this protocol will allow researchers and funding bodies to stay abreast in their fields through exposure to research not otherwise widely publicised. Study protocols are compliant with federal regulation and University of Maryland Baltimore's Human Research Protections and Institutional Review Board (protocol number HP-00090603). Study results will be published on completion of enrolment and analysis, and deidentified data can be shared by request to the corresponding author.Trial registration numberNCT04356963; Pre-results.

Dataset Information

The effect of Virtual Reality on evoked potentials following painful electrical stimuli and subjective pain.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

The effect of Virtual Reality on evoked potentials following painful electrical stimuli and subjective pain.

Similar Datasets

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