Dataset Information

Dietary patterns and breast cancer in Colombia: an ecological study.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:The role that diet plays in the development of breast cancer is unclear and breast cancer continues to increase in Colombia and worldwide. The objective of this study was to assess the association between patterns of dietary consumption and the incidence of breast cancer. METHODS:An ecological study was conducted in 24 geodemographic units in which 95% of the women of Colombia live. The association between breast cancer rate (dependent variable) and three dietary patterns established with factor analysis (traditional/starch, fiber/dairy and snack) was investigated using simple and multiple linear regression. The use of variables related to socioeconomic context and the duration of breastfeeding allowed for the control of possible confounding. All information was derived from concurrent national surveys or was obtained directly over a period of time close to the period during which the study was conducted. RESULTS:There is an inverse relationship between breast cancer rate and illiteracy rate (?=-2808.3), duration of breastfeeding (?=-3354.1), adherence to traditional/fiber dietary patterns (?=-30467) and adherence to the snack dietary pattern (?=-43612). The goodness of fit for the model was R2=84%. CONCLUSIONS:Increasing the duration of breastfeeding, ensuring education to promote health and following traditional food consumption patterns, regardless of what foods are consumed, can protect against the development of breast cancer.

SUBMITTER: Herran OF

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7322202 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Dietary patterns and breast cancer in Colombia: an ecological study.

Herrán Oscar F OF Álvarez Diana C DC Quintero-Lesmes Doris C DC

International health 20200701 4

<h4>Background</h4>The role that diet plays in the development of breast cancer is unclear and breast cancer continues to increase in Colombia and worldwide. The objective of this study was to assess the association between patterns of dietary consumption and the incidence of breast cancer.<h4>Methods</h4>An ecological study was conducted in 24 geodemographic units in which 95% of the women of Colombia live. The association between breast cancer rate (dependent variable) and three dietary patter ...[more]

PMID: 31691807

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Project description:BACKGROUND: Although there are solid findings regarding the detrimental effect of alcohol consumption, the existing evidence on the effect of other dietary factors on breast cancer (BC) risk is inconclusive. This study aimed to evaluate the association between dietary patterns and risk of BC in Spanish women, stratifying by menopausal status and tumour subtype, and to compare the results with those of Alternate Healthy Index (AHEI) and Alternate Mediterranean Diet Score (aMED). METHODS: We recruited 1017 incident BC cases and 1017 matched healthy controls of similar age (±5 years) without a history of BC. The association between 'a priori' and 'a posteriori' developed dietary patterns and BC in general and according to menopausal status and intrinsic tumour subtypes (ER+/PR+ and HER2-; HER2+; and ER-/PR- and HER2-) was evaluated using logistic and multinomial regression models. RESULTS: Adherence to the Western dietary pattern was related to higher risk of BC (OR for the top vs the bottom quartile 1.46 (95% CI 1.06-2.01)), especially in premenopausal women (OR=1.75; 95% CI 1.14-2.67). In contrast, the Mediterranean pattern was related to a lower risk (OR for the top quartile vs the bottom quartile 0.56 (95% CI 0.40-0.79)). Although the deleterious effect of the Western pattern was similarly observed in all tumour subtypes, the protective effect of our Mediterranean pattern was stronger for triple-negative tumours (OR=0.32; 95% CI 0.15-0.66 and Pheterogeneity=0.04). No association was found between adherence to the Prudent pattern and BC risk. The associations between 'a priori' indices and BC risk were less marked (OR for the top vs the bottom quartile of AHEI=0.69; 95% CI 0.51-0.94 and aMED=0.74; 95% CI 0.46-1.18)). CONCLUSIONS: Our results confirm the harmful effect of a Western diet on BC risk, and add new evidence on the benefits of a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, legumes, oily fish and vegetable oils for preventing all BC subtypes, and particularly triple-negative tumours.

Project description:Breast cancer is the most diagnosed cancer in women worldwide. Studies regarding complex breast cancer aetiology are limited and the results are inconclusive. We investigated the associations between dietary patterns (DPs), metabolic-hormone profiles (M-HPs), and breast cancer risk. This case-control study involved 420 women aged 40⁻79 years from north-eastern Poland, including 190 newly-diagnosed breast cancer cases. The serum concentration of lipid components, glucose, and hormones (oestradiol, progesterone, testosterone, prolactin, cortisol, insulin) was marked in 129 post-menopausal women (82 controls, 47 cases). The food frequency consumption was collected using a validated 62-item food frequency questionnaire. A posteriori DPs or M-HPs were derived with a Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Three DPs: 'Non-Healthy', 'Prudent', and 'Margarine and Sweetened Dairy' and two M-HPs: 'Metabolic-Syndrome' and 'High-Hormone' were identified. The 'Polish-adapted Mediterranean Diet' ('Polish-aMED') score was calculated. The risk of breast cancer risk was three-times higher (odds ratio (OR): 2.90; 95% confidence interval (95% Cl): 1.62⁻5.21; p < 0.001) in the upper tertile of the 'Non-Healthy' pattern (reference: bottom tertile) and five-times higher (OR: 5.34; 95% Cl: 1.84⁻15.48; p < 0.01) in the upper tertile of the 'High-Hormone' profile (reference: bottom tertile). There was a positive association of 'Metabolic-Syndrome' profile and an inverse association of 'Polish-aMED' score with the risk of breast cancer, which disappeared after adjustment for confounders. No significant association between 'Prudent' or 'Margarine and Sweetened Dairy' DPs and cancer risk was revealed. Concluding, a pro-healthy diet is insufficient to reduce the risk of breast cancer in peri- and postmenopausal women. The findings highlight the harmful effect of the 'High-Hormone' profile and the 'Non-Healthy' dietary pattern on breast cancer risk. In breast cancer prevention, special attention should be paid to decreasing the adherence to the 'Non-Healthy' pattern by reducing the consumption of highly processed food and foods with a high content of sugar and animal fat. There is also a need to monitor the concentration of multiple sex hormones in the context of breast cancer risk.

Dataset Information

Dietary patterns and breast cancer in Colombia: an ecological study.

Publications

Dietary patterns and breast cancer in Colombia: an ecological study.

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