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Associations of Hearing Sensitivity, Higher-Order Auditory Processing, and Cognition Over Time in Middle-Aged Adults.


ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Age-related hearing loss (impairment in hearing sensitivity and/or higher-order auditory processing) and cognitive decline are common co-occurring impairments in elderly adults. Their relation in the process of aging remains insufficiently understood. We aim to assess the temporal relations of decline in hearing sensitivity, higher-order auditory processing, and cognition in middle-aged adults. METHODS:This study included 1,274 Beaver Dam Offspring Study participants who participated in three examinations (baseline, 5-year, and 10-year follow-up). We assessed hearing sensitivity through pure-tone audiometry (PTA, averaged thresholds of 0.5, 1, 2, 4 kHz of the better ear), higher-order auditory processing as word recognition in competing message (WRCM) using the Northwestern University 6 word list in the better ear, and cognition through trail-making test performance (TMT). Linear mixed-effects models and linear regression models were used to determine associations over time and to what extent these measures influence each other over time. RESULTS:The longitudinal decline between all functions was associated with the strongest relationships between PTA and WRCM. The effect of baseline PTA on WRCM 10 years later (standardized ß = -.30) was almost twice as big as the effect of baseline WRCM on PTA 10 years later (standardized ß = -.18). The effect of baseline WRCM on TMT 10 years later and vice versa were small (standardized ß = -.05). No directional relationship between PTA and TMT was identified (standardized ß ? .02). CONCLUSIONS:While hearing sensitivity might affect higher-order auditory processing, associations between hearing and cognition appear bidirectional and weak in midlife. We need to be cautious before inferring causal effects of hearing on cognition.

SUBMITTER: Merten N 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7328209 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Associations of Hearing Sensitivity, Higher-Order Auditory Processing, and Cognition Over Time in Middle-Aged Adults.

Merten Natascha N   Fischer Mary E ME   Tweed Ted S TS   Breteler Monique M B MMB   Cruickshanks Karen J KJ  

The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences 20200201 3


<h4>Background</h4>Age-related hearing loss (impairment in hearing sensitivity and/or higher-order auditory processing) and cognitive decline are common co-occurring impairments in elderly adults. Their relation in the process of aging remains insufficiently understood. We aim to assess the temporal relations of decline in hearing sensitivity, higher-order auditory processing, and cognition in middle-aged adults.<h4>Methods</h4>This study included 1,274 Beaver Dam Offspring Study participants wh  ...[more]

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