Dataset Information

SARS-CoV-2 Screening Test for Japanese Returnees From Wuhan, China, January 2020.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was found to be the causative microorganism of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which started to spread in Wuhan, China. This study was to evaluate the effectiveness of questionnaire, symptoms-based screening, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) screening of returnees from COVID-19-endemic areas on a chartered flight, to examine the proportion of infected persons and the proportion of asymptomatic persons among infected persons who returned from Wuhan.

Methods

A retrospective cohort study was done in 7 tertiary medical institutions in Japan. A total of 566 Japanese who returned from Wuhan participated in the study.

Results

Overall, 11 of the 566 passengers had a positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR result for pharyngeal swabs and 6 were asymptomatic. Only fever differed between SARS-CoV-2-positive and -negative individuals (P < .043). Six of the 11 PCR-positive individuals were asymptomatic; 4 remained positive on day 10, and 1 asymptomatic person tested positive up to day 27. Two of the 11 were negative on the first PCR test and positive on the second.

Conclusions

Our results will be important insights on screening returnees from locked-down cities, as well as providing important data on the proportion of asymptomatic individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2. A 13-day observation period and a second round of PCR may be effective to screen patients, including asymptomatic infections.

SUBMITTER: Kutsuna S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7337761 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

SARS-CoV-2 Screening Test for Japanese Returnees From Wuhan, China, January 2020.

Kutsuna Satoshi S Suzuki Tadaki T Hayakawa Kayoko K Tsuzuki Shinya S Asai Yusuke Y Suzuki Tetsuya T Ide Satoshi S Nakamura Keiji K Moriyama Yuki Y Kinoshita Noriko N Hosokawa Naoto N Osawa Ryosuke R Yamamuro Ryosuke R Akiyama Yutaro Y Miyazato Yusuke Y Nomoto Hidetoshi H Nakamoto Takato T Ota Masayuki M Saito Sho S Ishikane Masahiro M Morioka Shinichiro S Yamamoto Kei K Ujiie Mugen M Terada Mari M Nakamura-Uchiyama Fukumi F Sahara Toshinori T Sano Masahiro M Imamura Akifumi A Sekiya Noritaka N Fukushima Kazuaki K Kawana Akihiko A Fujikura Yuji Y Sano Tomoya T Suematsu Ryohei R Sakamoto Naoya N Nagata Kaoru K Kato Tomoyuki T Katano Harutaka H Wakita Takaji T Sugiyama Haruhito H Kokudo Norihiro N Ohmagari Norio N

Open forum infectious diseases 20200620 7

<h4>Background</h4>Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was found to be the causative microorganism of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which started to spread in Wuhan, China. This study was to evaluate the effectiveness of questionnaire, symptoms-based screening, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) screening of returnees from COVID-19-endemic areas on a chartered flight, to examine the proportion of infected persons and the proportion of asymptomatic persons ...[more]

PMID: 32754627

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Project description:ImportanceThe COVID-19 pandemic affects many diseases, including alcohol use disorders (AUDs). As the pandemic evolves, understanding the association of a new diagnosis of AUD with COVID-19 over time is required to mitigate negative consequences.ObjectiveTo examine the association of COVID-19 infection with new diagnosis of AUD over time from January 2020 through January 2022.Design, setting, and participantsIn this retrospective cohort study of electronic health records of US patients 12 years of age or older, new diagnoses of AUD were compared between patients with COVID-19 and patients with other respiratory infections who had never had COVID-19 by 3-month intervals from January 20, 2020, through January 27, 2022.ExposuresSARS-CoV-2 infection or non-SARS-CoV-2 respiratory infection.Main outcomes and measuresNew diagnoses of AUD were compared in COVID-19 and propensity score-matched control cohorts by hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs from either 14 days to 3 months or 3 to 6 months after the index event.ResultsThis study comprised 1 201 082 patients with COVID-19 (56.9% female patients; 65.7% White; mean [SD] age at index, 46.2 [18.9] years) and 1 620 100 patients with other respiratory infections who had never had COVID-19 (60.4% female patients; 71.1% White; mean [SD] age at index, 44.5 [20.6] years). There was a significantly increased risk of a new diagnosis of AUD in the 3 months after COVID-19 was contracted during the first 3 months of the pandemic (block 1) compared with control cohorts (HR, 2.53 [95% CI, 1.82-3.51]), but the risk decreased to nonsignificance in the next 3 time blocks (April 2020 to January 2021). The risk for AUD diagnosis increased after infection in January to April 2021 (HR, 1.30 [95% CI, 1.08-1.56]) and April to July 2021 (HR, 1.80 [95% CI, 1.47-2.21]). The result became nonsignificant again in blocks 7 and 8 (COVID-19 diagnosis between July 2021 and January 2022). A similar temporal pattern was seen for new diagnosis of AUD 3 to 6 months after infection with COVID-19 vs control index events.Conclusions and relevanceElevated risk for AUD after COVID-19 infection compared with non-COVID-19 respiratory infections during some time frames may suggest an association of SARS-CoV-2 infection with the pandemic-associated increase in AUD. However, the lack of excess hazard in most time blocks makes it likely that the circumstances surrounding the pandemic and the fear and anxiety they created also were important factors associated with new diagnoses of AUD.

Dataset Information

SARS-CoV-2 Screening Test for Japanese Returnees From Wuhan, China, January 2020.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

SARS-CoV-2 Screening Test for Japanese Returnees From Wuhan, China, January 2020.

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