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Performance of Stool-testing Recommendations for Acute Gastroenteritis When Used to Identify Children With 9 Potential Bacterial Enteropathogens.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:The ability to identify bacterial pathogens that necessitate specific clinical management or public health action in children with acute gastroenteritis is crucial to patient care and public health. However, existing stool-testing guidelines offer inconsistent recommendations, and their performance characteristics are unknown. We evaluated 6 leading gastroenteritis guidelines (eg, those of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and Infectious Disease Society of America) that recommend when to test children's stool for bacterial enteropathogens. METHODS:Via 2 emergency departments in Alberta, Canada, we enrolled 2447 children <18 years old who presented with ?3 episodes of diarrhea and/or vomiting in a 24-hour period. All participants were tested for 9 bacterial enteropathogens: Aeromonas, Campylobacter, Escherichia coli O157, other Shiga toxin-producing E. coli, enterotoxigenic E. coli, Salmonella, Shigella, Vibrio, and Yersinia. Patient data gathered at the index visit were used to determine whether guidelines would recommend testing. Sensitivity and specificity to recommend testing for children with bacterial enteropathogens were calculated for each guideline. RESULTS:Outcome data were available for 2391 (97.7%) participants, and 6% (144/2391) of participants tested positive for a bacterial enteropathogen. Guideline sensitivity ranged from 25.8% (95% confidence interval [CI] 18.7-33.0%) to 66.9% (95% CI 59.3-74.6%), and varied for individual pathogens. Guideline specificity for all bacterial enteropathogens ranged from 63.6% (95% CI 61.6-65.6%) to 96.5% (95% CI 95.7-97.2%). CONCLUSIONS:No guideline provided optimally balanced performance. The most sensitive guidelines missed one-third of cases and would drastically increase testing volumes. The most specific guidelines missed almost 75% of cases.

SUBMITTER: Tarr GAM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7348586 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Performance of Stool-testing Recommendations for Acute Gastroenteritis When Used to Identify Children With 9 Potential Bacterial Enteropathogens.

Tarr Gillian A M GAM Chui Linda L Lee Bonita E BE Pang Xiao-Li XL Ali Samina S Nettel-Aguirre Alberto A Vanderkooi Otto G OG Berenger Byron M BM Dickinson James J Tarr Phillip I PI Drews Steven S MacDonald Judy J Kim Kelly K Freedman Stephen B SB

Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America 20190901 7

<h4>Background</h4>The ability to identify bacterial pathogens that necessitate specific clinical management or public health action in children with acute gastroenteritis is crucial to patient care and public health. However, existing stool-testing guidelines offer inconsistent recommendations, and their performance characteristics are unknown. We evaluated 6 leading gastroenteritis guidelines (eg, those of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and Infectious Disease Society of America ...[more]

PMID: 30517612

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Dataset Information

Performance of Stool-testing Recommendations for Acute Gastroenteritis When Used to Identify Children With 9 Potential Bacterial Enteropathogens.

Publications

Performance of Stool-testing Recommendations for Acute Gastroenteritis When Used to Identify Children With 9 Potential Bacterial Enteropathogens.

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