Dataset Information

SNP rs6564851 in the BCO1 Gene Is Associated with Varying Provitamin a Plasma Concentrations but Not with Retinol Concentrations among Adolescents from Rural Ghana.

ABSTRACT: In sub-Saharan Africa, vitamin A deficiency constitutes a severe health problem despite various supplementation and food fortification programs. Given that the intake of preformed vitamin A from animal products remains low in these countries, an efficient metabolization of plant-based provitamin A carotenoids is essential. Previously, adolescents in rural Ghana have shown high total plasma carotenoid concentrations, while 36% had a vitamin A deficiency (defined as plasma retinol < 0.7 µmol/L). Hence, the aim of this cross-sectional study was to identify the relationships between variants in the ?-carotene 15,15'-oxygenase (BCO1) gene and plasma carotenoid concentrations among 189 15-year-old girls and boys in rural Ghana. BCO1 rs6564851, rs7500996, rs10048138 and PKD1L2 rs6420424, and rs8044334 were typed, and carotenoid concentrations were compared among the different genotypes. G allele carriers of rs6564851 (53%) showed higher plasma carotenoid concentrations than T allele carriers (median (interquartile range): 3.07 (2.17-4.02) vs. 2.59 (2.21-3.50) µmol/L, p-value = 0.0424). This was not explained by differences in socio-demographic or dietary factors. In contrast, no differences in plasma retinol concentrations were observed between these genotypes. Pending verification in independent populations, the low conversion efficiency of provitamin A carotenoids among rs6564851 G allele carriers may undermine existing fortification and supplementation programs to improve the vitamin A status in sub-Saharan Africa.

SUBMITTER: Graßmann S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7353293 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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SNP rs6564851 in the BCO1 Gene Is Associated with Varying Provitamin a Plasma Concentrations but Not with Retinol Concentrations among Adolescents from Rural Ghana.

Graßmann Sophie S Pivovarova-Ramich Olga O Henze Andrea A Raila Jens J Ampem Amoako Yaw Y King Nyamekye Richard R Bedu-Addo George G Mockenhaupt Frank P FP Schulze Matthias B MB Danquah Ina I

Nutrients 20200616 6

In sub-Saharan Africa, vitamin A deficiency constitutes a severe health problem despite various supplementation and food fortification programs. Given that the intake of preformed vitamin A from animal products remains low in these countries, an efficient metabolization of plant-based provitamin A carotenoids is essential. Previously, adolescents in rural Ghana have shown high total plasma carotenoid concentrations, while 36% had a vitamin A deficiency (defined as plasma retinol < 0.7 µmol/L). H ...[more]

PMID: 32560166

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Project description:BackgroundVitamin A (VA) deficiency is prevalent in preschool-aged children in sub-Saharan Africa.ObjectivesWe assessed the effect of small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplements (SQ-LNS) given to women during pregnancy and lactation and their children from 6 to 18 mo of age on women's plasma and milk retinol concentrations in Malawi, and children's plasma retinol concentration in Malawi and Ghana.MethodsPregnant women (≤20 wk of gestation) were randomized to receive daily: 1) iron and folic acid (IFA) during pregnancy only; 2) multiple micronutrients (MMN; 800 μg retinol equivalent (RE)/capsule), or 3) SQ-LNS (800 μg RE/20g) during pregnancy and the first 6 mo postpartum. Children of mothers in the SQ-LNS group received SQ-LNS (400 μg RE/20 g) from 6 to 18 mo of age; children of mothers in the IFA and MMN groups received no supplement. Plasma retinol was measured in mothers at ≤20 and 36 wk of gestation and 6 mo postpartum, and in children at 6 and 18 mo of age. Milk retinol was measured at 6 mo postpartum. VA status indicators were compared by group.ResultsAmong Malawian mothers, geometric mean (95% CI) plasma retinol concentrations at 36 wk of gestation and 6 mo postpartum were 0.97 μmol/L (0.94, 1.01 μmol/L) and 1.35 μmol/L (1.31, 1.39 μmol/L), respectively; geometric mean (95% CI) milk retinol concentration at 6 mo postpartum was 1.04 μmol/L (0.97, 1.13 μmol/L); results did not differ by intervention group. Geometric mean (95% CI) plasma retinol concentrations for Malawian children at 6 and 18 mo of age were 0.78 μmol/L (0.75, 0.81 μmol/L) and 0.81 μmol/L (0.78, 0.85 μmol/L), respectively, and for Ghanaian children they were 0.85 μmol/L (0.82, 0.88 μmol/L) and 0.88 μmol/L (0.85, 0.91 μmol/L), respectively; results did not differ by intervention group in either setting.ConclusionsSQ-LNS had no effect on VA status of mothers or children, possibly because of low responsiveness of the VA status indicators.

Project description:Background and Aims: Studies of both animals and humans show that a high intake of vitamin A is associated with a lower risk of dyslipidemia. However, an association of plasma retinol levels with dyslipidemia is unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate an association between plasma retinol and dyslipidemia and to identify related metabolites and pathways in the general population. Methods: We included 250 participants aged 20-80 years from the Wellness Living Laboratory (WELL) China cohort. Associations between plasma retinol levels and dyslipidemia were analyzed using adjusted logistic models. Related metabolites were identified using ANCOVA, adjusted for the false discovery rate (FDR) and used for pathway analyses. Because there are sex differences in plasma retinol levels, all analyses were conducted separately by sex. Results: Plasma retinol was significantly higher in men than in women. A positive association between plasma retinol and dyslipidemia was found in both sexes. In men, the 2nd and 3rd tertiles showed significantly higher proportions of dyslipidemia than the 1st tertile (1st tertile vs. 2nd tertile: p = 0.026; 1st tertile vs. 3rd tertile: p = 0.003). In women, the 3rd tertile showed a significantly higher proportion of dyslipidemia than the 1st and 2nd tertile (3rd tertile vs. 1st tertile: p = 0.002, 3rd tertile vs. 2nd tertile: p = 0.002). Overall, 75 and 30 metabolites were significantly associated with retinol levels in men and women, respectively. According to these metabolites, lipid metabolic pathways, including glycerophospholipid, arachidonic acid, linoleic acid, alpha-linolenic acid, and glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI), as well as steroid hormone biosynthesis pathways were found to overlap across the sexes. These pathways showed that elevated retinol levels might be associated with hormone metabolism and inflammation status. Conclusions: We found a positive association between plasma retinol levels and dyslipidemia. Related metabolomic profiles and interrupted pathways showed that such an increase might be associated with steroid hormone synthesis and inflammation. In addition, large, population-based longitudinal studies and intervention studies are needed to confirm the role of retinol in lipid metabolism and the prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Project description:BACKGROUND:Biomarkers of micronutrient status are needed to best define deficiencies and excesses of essential nutrients. OBJECTIVE:We evaluated several supporting biomarkers of vitamin A status in Zambian children to determine whether any of the biomarkers were consistent with high liver retinol stores determined by using retinol isotope dilution (RID). DESIGN:A randomized, placebo-controlled, biofortified maize efficacy trial was conducted in 140 rural Zambian children from 4 villages. A series of biomarkers were investigated to better define the vitamin A status of these children. In addition to the assessment of total-body retinol stores (TBSs) by using RID, tests included analyses of serum carotenoids, retinyl esters, and pyridoxal-5'-phosphate (PLP) by using high-pressure liquid chromatography, retinol-binding protein by using ELISA, and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity by using a colorimetric assay. RESULTS:Children (n = 133) were analyzed quantitatively for TBSs by using RID. TBSs, retinyl esters, some carotenoids, and PLP differed by village site. Serum carotenoids were elevated above most nonintervened reference values for children. ?-Carotene, ?-carotene, and lutein values were >95th percentile from children in the US NHANES III, and 13% of children had hypercarotenemia (defined as total carotenoid concentration >3.7 ?mol/L). Although only 2% of children had serum retinyl esters >10% of total retinol plus retinyl esters, 16% of children had >5% as esters, which was consistent with high liver retinol stores. Ratios of serum retinol to retinol-binding protein did not deviate from 1.0, which indicated full saturation. ALT activity was low, which was likely due to underlying vitamin B-6 deficiency, which was confirmed by very low serum PLP concentrations. CONCLUSIONS:The finding of hypervitaminosis A in Zambian children was supported by high circulating concentrations of carotenoids and mildly elevated serum retinyl esters. ALT-activity assays may be compromised with co-existing vitamin B-6 deficiency. Nutrition education to improve intakes of whole grains and animal-source foods may enhance vitamin B-6 status in Zambians.

Project description:Background:Children with sickle cell disease (SCD) often have infections, growth deficits, and impaired immunity, problems that also are observed in individuals with a vitamin A deficiency (plasma retinol concentration <20 ?g/dL). The goal of this study was to investigate the association between vitamin A, health status, and the in vitro immune function of children with SCD.Methods:Fifty-nine children (40 SS, 11 SC, and 8 S?thalassemia [S?thal] hemoglobin genotypes) 9 months to 18 years old were investigated for plasma levels of retinol, retinol binding protein, C-reactive protein, alpha-1-acid glycoprotein, lymphocyte proliferation, and interleukin (IL)-2 activity in supernatant of phytohemagglutinin-treated lymphocytes.Results:The plasma retinol concentrations of children with SCD (mean 57.6 ?g/dL, range 4.6-116 ?g/dL) were not different from those of 21 normal individuals (mean 62 ?g/dL, range 28.7-162 ?g/dL). Plasma retinol concentrations did not vary by hemoglobin genotype but were lower in boys than in girls (P < 0.05) and were also lower in children with inflammation (P = 0.1). Seven children (11.9%) (6 HbSS, 1 HbS?0thal) were vitamin A–deficient, and 9 children (15.3%) had suboptimal vitamin A status (plasma retinol concentration of 20-29 ?g/dL). Children with vitamin A deficiency had slightly lower height (P = 0.09) and weight mean percentiles, lymphocyte proliferative responses, and IL-2 activity (P > 0.1), but higher means of C-reactive protein (P = 0.05), pain crisis episodes and inflammation (P = 0.1), and health scores (P > 0.1) than children who were not vitamin A–deficient. Lymphocyte proliferative responses negatively correlated with health score, pain crisis episodes, and blood units received, but positively correlated with retinol binding protein (P < 0.05 to P = 0.1).Conclusion:Identification and correction of suboptimal vitamin A status in children with SCD may improve immunity and attenuate certain health complications associated with this disease.

Dataset Information

SNP rs6564851 in the BCO1 Gene Is Associated with Varying Provitamin a Plasma Concentrations but Not with Retinol Concentrations among Adolescents from Rural Ghana.

Publications

SNP rs6564851 in the BCO1 Gene Is Associated with Varying Provitamin a Plasma Concentrations but Not with Retinol Concentrations among Adolescents from Rural Ghana.

Similar Datasets

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