Dataset Information

Probiotic Cocktail Identified by Microbial Network Analysis Inhibits Growth, Virulence Gene Expression, and Host Cell Colonization of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci.

ABSTRACT: The prevalence of vancomycin resistant enterococcus (VRE) carrier-state has been increasing in patients of intensive care unit and it would be a public health threat. Different research groups conducted decolonizing VRE with probiotic and the results were controversial. Therefore, a systemic approach to search for the probiotic species capable of decolonizing VRE is necessary. Thus, VRE was co-cultured with ten probiotic species. The fluctuations of each bacterial population were analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing. Microbial network analysis (MNA) was exploited to identify the most critical species in inhibiting the VRE population. The MNA-selected probiotic cocktail was then validated for its efficacy in inhibiting VRE, decolonizing VRE from Caco-2 cells via three approaches: exclusion, competition, and displacement. Finally, the expression of VRE virulence genes after co-incubation with the probiotic cocktail were analyzed with quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The MNA-selected probiotic cocktail includes Bacillus coagulans, Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, Lactobacillus reuteri, and Lactobacillus acidophilus. This probiotic combination significantly reduces the population of co-cultured VRE and prevents VRE from binding to Caco-2 cells by down-regulating several host-adhesion genes of VRE. Our results suggested the potential of this four-strain probiotic cocktail in clinical application for the decolonization of VRE in human gut.

SUBMITTER: Sun WS

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7357164 | biostudies-literature | 2020 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Probiotic Cocktail Identified by Microbial Network Analysis Inhibits Growth, Virulence Gene Expression, and Host Cell Colonization of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci.

Sun Wei-Sheng WS Lee Yuarn-Jang YJ Tsai Kun-Nan KN Ho Yu-Hsuan YH Fang Shiuh-Bin SB

Microorganisms 20200529 6

The prevalence of vancomycin resistant enterococcus (VRE) carrier-state has been increasing in patients of intensive care unit and it would be a public health threat. Different research groups conducted decolonizing VRE with probiotic and the results were controversial. Therefore, a systemic approach to search for the probiotic species capable of decolonizing VRE is necessary. Thus, VRE was co-cultured with ten probiotic species. The fluctuations of each bacterial population were analyzed by 16S ...[more]

PMID: 32486106

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Project description:Introduction:Enterococci are part of the normal intestinal flora and have been recognized as important human pathogens. Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci (VRE) are global threat as this resistance is transmissible and also poses a challenge for infection control. Aim:This study was undertaken to study phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of VRE from clinically significant infections among hospitalized patients and their association with gut colonization. Materials and Methods:Clinically significant isolates of enterococci (n=250) were studied. Species confirmation was done by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) for vancomycin was determined by E-test. PCR for VanA, VanB and VanC1 gene was done for genotypic characterization. MIC for teicoplanin, linezolid, tigecycline, daptomycin and quinupristin-dalfopristin was determined by E test. Patients with VRE infection were screened for gut colonization using vancomycin screen agar (6 ?g/mL). Continuous data was analysed using the Student's t-test. Categorical data was assessed using Pearson's Chi-square test. A value of p ? 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results:There was good correlation between the phenotypic and genotypic methods used for species identification and detection of vancomycin resistance. E. faecium (162, 64.8%) was most common followed by E. faecalis (82, 32.84%) and E. gallinarum (6, 2.4%). Overall higher resistance was observed among E. faecium. Vancomycin MIC ? 2 ?g/mL was noted in 63 (25.2%) isolates. Fifty seven isolates showed presence of vanA and vanC1 was detected in six isolates of E. gallinarum. Isolates with VanB genotype was not detected in the present study. MIC50 (?g/mL) for teicoplanin, linezolid, tigecycline, daptomycin and quinupristin-dalfopristrin was 24, 0.75, 0.064, 2 and 0.064 respectively. Resistance to linezolid (1, 1.6%) and tigecycline (2, 3.2%) was rare. Majority (33/47, 70.2%) patients with clinically significant VRE infection showed gut colonization. Conclusion:Vancomycin resistance among enterococci is emerging. Emergence of tigecycline and linezolid resistance is also posing a challenge for clinicians. Thus, further investigations are warranted to control vancomycin resistance among pathogens.

Project description:Abstract Background Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT) has proved to be an efficient therapy for recurrent C. difficile infection. Its indication is currently discussed for the decolonization of Multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO) on the basis of mice experiments. Two recent publications suggest that it could be an efficient strategy for patients colonized with digestive MDRO colonization but few data are available for Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteria (CRE) and Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus (VRE) colonization. Methods We performed a FMT among patients colonized by CRE or VRE documented by at least 3 nonconsecutive positive swabs (including one in the week prior to the FMT). Procedure: 2 days prior to the FMT, patients received a proton pump inhibitor and a naso-duodenal tube was inserted to perform a bowel lavage with X-prep. FMT was performed with frozen feces from 4 donors previously screened for potential diseases using 5 syringes of 50 cc of feces diluted with saline. Patients were discharged after 24h and benefited of outpatient control swabs (PCR + culture) on day 7, 14, 21, 28 and each month during 3 months in order to assess the decolonization. The study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03029078). Results Seventeen individuals were included. Mean age was 69 ± 12.7 (SD) years. Eight patients were positive for CRE (KPC, OXA48 or NDM-1) and 9 for VRE. All suffered from severe underlying condition (hemodialysis, dementia, cirrhosis) or chronic wounds. Median functional autonomy scale was evaluated using the French Iso-Resources Groups (GIR)=4/6 IQR[3–6] supporting they were dependent persons. At 1-month follow-up, 3/8 patients were free from CRE and 5/9 from VRE. At 3-month follow-up, 3/8 patients were still free from CRE whereas 7/8 were free from VRE, considering one death from cirrhosis. Moreover, one of them received antibiotics during a week for a hospital-acquired infection a long time after FMT. No adverse events were reported. Conclusion FMT seems to be an attractive option to eradicate colonization of MDRO, especially for VRE. Limited data are available in the literature to determine response factors. Meanwhile its efficacy is moderate; it provides an alternative solution to quarantine for fragile and frequently hospitalized patients. More data and a controlled trial are required. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

Dataset Information

Probiotic Cocktail Identified by Microbial Network Analysis Inhibits Growth, Virulence Gene Expression, and Host Cell Colonization of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci.

Publications

Probiotic Cocktail Identified by Microbial Network Analysis Inhibits Growth, Virulence Gene Expression, and Host Cell Colonization of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci.

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