Incidental and simultaneous finding of pulmonary thrombus and COVID-19 pneumonia in a cancer patient derived to 18F-FDG PET/CT. New pathophysiological insights from hybrid imaging.
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Ferrando-Castagnetto F
PROVIDER: S-EPMC7365081 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Similar Datasets
Project description:Purpose:The aim of this case series is to illustrate possible [18F]-FDG uptake patterns associated to COVID-19. Methods:Retrospective assessment of all Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) scans performed for any clinical / oncological reason from 1st April 2020 to 30th April 2020. Results of PCR testing for SARS-CoV-2 were retrieved for all patients with lung consolidations and/or peripheral ground glass opacities characterized by increased metabolism to evaluate any possible association with the viral infection. Results:Seven (4%) out of 172 FDG-PET scans were included. Six out of seven patients (85%) had positive RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2, while one patient (15%) had possible (not PCR confirmed) COVID-19 pneumonia. Conclusion:Suspicious accidental COVID-19 findings in Nuclear Medicine Department need to be reported and appropriately evaluated to implement proper supportive treatment and infection control measures.
| S-EPMC7512221 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectivesThe management of incidental findings of FDG-avid tonsils on PET/CT (IFT) is unclear. We aimed to explore the prevalence of malignancy in IFT, identify risk factors for malignancy, and calculate optimal cutoffs of maximum standardized uptake values (SUVmax ) to discriminate between benign and malignant lesions.MethodsAll patients who were tonsillectomized at our institution because of IFT from October 2011 to December 2020 were included. Patients undergoing PET/CT due to suspected tonsillar disease or cancer of unknown primary were excluded.ResultsIn total, 77 patients were included, of which 11 (14%) of them had IFT malignancy. Dysphagia (p = 0.019) and alcohol abuse (p = 0.035) were associated with malignancy. Absolute SUVmax cutoff (≥9: sensitivity 100%; specificity 53%) was superior to SUVmax side-to-side ratio (≥1.5: sensitivity 64%; specificity 70%) to discriminate between benign and malignant lesions.ConclusionWe recommend tonsillectomy for patients with IFT displaying SUVmax ≥ 9.0, ratio ≥ 1.5, or symptoms or findings suggesting malignancy.Level of evidence3 Laryngoscope, 132:2370-2378, 2022.
| S-EPMC9790499 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Pleural epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) is a rare malignancy of vascular-endothelial origin with non-specific symptoms and an unpredictable outcome. Diagnosis of this condition by imaging modalities is challenging, and no standard therapeutic approaches have been established in this regard. In this paper, we described the case of a patient with a low-grade fever, coughing and chest pain who underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT after a positive thorax CT showing multiple bilateral calcified pulmonary nodules and extensive right-sided pleural effusion. Moreover, PET/CT revealed increased tracer uptake on the nodular pleural thickening and one nodule in the upper lobe of the right lung. A diagnostic thoracentesis was performed to obtain the pleural fluid. However, cytology was not diagnostic, and the subsequent thoracotomy with pleural fluid drainage and pleural biopsy was positive for pleural EHE. The study showed also an abundant non-FDG-avid pleural effusion in the collapsed right lung. Despite chest tube insertion and partial drainage of the volume, patient's condition deteriorated, and patient passed away six months after the PET scan.
| S-EPMC5221689 | biostudies-other
Project description:PurposeThe purpose of our meta-analysis and systematic review was to compare the diagnostic performance of [18F]FDG PET/CT and [18F]FDG PET/MRI in colorectal liver metastasis.MethodsWe searched PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science for eligible articles until November 2022. Studies focusing on the diagnostic value of [18F]FDG PET/CT or PET/MRI for colorectal liver metastasis were included. Using a bivariate random-effect model, the pooled sensitivity and specificity for [18F]FDG PET/CT and [18F]FDG PET/MRI were reported as estimates with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Heterogeneity among pooled studies was assessed using the I2 statistic. The Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Performance Studies (QUADAS-2) method was used to evaluate the quality of the studies that were included.ResultsThere were a total of 2743 publications identified in the initial search, finally, a total of 21 studies comprising 1036 patients were included. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, and AUC of [18F]FDG PET/CT in were 0.86 (95% CI: 0.76-0.92), 0.89 (95% CI: 0.83-0.94), and 0.92(95% CI: 0.90-0.94). [18F]FDG PET/MRI were 0.84 (95% CI: 0.77-0.89), 1.00 (95% CI: 0.32-1.00), and 0.89(95% CI: 0.86-0.92), respectively.Conclusion[18F]FDG PET/CT shows similar performance compared to [18F]FDG PET/MRI in detecting colorectal liver metastasis. However, pathological results were not obtained for all patients in the included studies and PET/MRI results were derived from studies with small sample sizes. There is a need for additional, larger prospective studies on this issue.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier (CRD42023390949).
| S-EPMC9969139 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Objectives[18F]FDG-PET/CT is used for diagnosing metastatic infections in Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (SAB) and guidance of antibiotic treatment. The impact of [18F]FDG-PET/CT on outcomes remains to be determined. The aim of this systematic review was to summarize the effects of [18F]FDG-PET/CT on all-cause mortality and new diagnostic findingsin SAB.MethodsWe systematically searched PubMed, EMBASE.com, Web of Science, and Wiley's Cochrane library from inception to 29 January 2021. Eligible studies were randomized controlled trials, clinically controlled trials, prospective and retrospective cohort studies, and case-control studies investigating the effects of [18F]FDG-PET/CT in hospitalized adult patients with SAB. We excluded studies lacking a control group without [18F]FDG-PET/CT. Risk of bias was assessed using the ROBINS-I tool and certainty of evidence using the GRADE approach by two independent reviewers.ResultsWe identified 1956 studies, of which five were included in our qualitative synthesis, including a total of 880 SAB patients. All studies were non-randomized and at moderate or serious risk of bias. Four studies, including a total of 804 patients, reported lower mortality in SAB patients that underwent [18F]FDG-PET/CT. One study including 102 patients reported more detected metastatic foci in the participants in whom [18F]FDG-PET/CT was performed.DiscussionWe found low certainty of evidence that [18F]FDG-PET/CT reduces mortality in patients with SAB. This effect is possibly explained by a higher frequency of findings guiding optimal antibiotic treatment and source control interventions.
| S-EPMC8943998 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundTo test the advantages of positron emission tomography and computed tomography (PET/CT) for diagnosing lymph nodes and staging nasopharyngeal carcinoma and to investigate its benefits for survival and treatment decisions.MethodsThe performance of PET/CT and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in diagnosis was compared based on 460 biopsied lymph nodes. Using the propensity matching method, survival differences of T3N1M0 patients with (n = 1093) and without (n = 1377) PET/CT were compared in diverse manners. A radiologic score model was developed and tested in a subset of T3N1M0 patients.ResultsPET/CT performed better than MRI with higher sensitivity, accuracy, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (96.7% vs. 88.5%, p < 0.001; 88.0% vs. 81.1%, p < 0.001; 0.863 vs. 0.796, p < 0.05) in diagnosing lymph nodes. Accordingly, MRI-staged T3N0-3M0 patients showed nondifferent survival rates, as they were the same T3N1M0 if staged by PET/CT. In addition, patients staged by PET/CT and MRI showed higher survival rates than those staged by MRI alone (p < 0.05), regardless of the Epstein-Barr virus DNA load. Interestingly, SUVmax-N, nodal necrosis, and extranodal extension were highly predictive of survival. The radiologic score model based on these factors performed well in risk stratification with a C-index of 0.72. Finally, induction chemotherapy showed an added benefit (p = 0.006) for the high-risk patients selected by the model but not for those without risk stratification (p = 0.78).ConclusionPET/CT showed advantages in staging nasopharyngeal carcinoma due to a more accurate diagnosis of lymph nodes and this contributed to a survival benefit. PET/CT combined with MRI provided prognostic factors that could identify high-risk patients and guide individualized treatment.
| S-EPMC8803713 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Introduction18F-Fluoro-deoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) is a supportive biomarker in dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) diagnosis and its advanced analysis methods, including radiomics and machine learning (ML), were developed recently. The aim of this study was to evaluate the FDG-PET diagnostic performance in predicting a DLB versus Alzheimer's disease (AD) diagnosis.MethodsFDG-PET scans were visually and semi-quantitatively analyzed in 61 patients. Radiomics and ML analyses were performed, building five ML models: (1) clinical features; (2) visual and semi-quantitative PET features; (3) radiomic features; (4) all PET features; and (5) overall features.ResultsAt follow-up, 34 patients had DLB and 27 had AD. At visual analysis, DLB PET signs were significantly more frequent in DLB, having the highest diagnostic accuracy (86.9%). At semi-quantitative analysis, the right precuneus, superior parietal, lateral occipital, and primary visual cortices showed significantly reduced uptake in DLB. The ML model 2 had the highest diagnostic accuracy (84.3%).DiscussionFDG-PET is a valuable tool in DLB diagnosis, having visual and semi-quantitative analyses with the highest diagnostic accuracy at ML analyses.
| S-EPMC10746864 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Objectives Radiomic models present an avenue to improve oesophageal adenocarcinoma assessment through quantitative medical image analysis. However, model selection is complicated by the abundance of available predictors and the uncertainty of their relevance and reproducibility. This analysis reviews recent research to facilitate precedent-based model selection for prospective validation studies. Methods This analysis reviews research on 18F-FDG PET/CT, PET/MRI and CT radiomics in oesophageal adenocarcinoma between 2016 and 2021. Model design, testing and reporting are evaluated according to the Transparent Reporting of a Multivariable Prediction Model for Individual Prognosis or Diagnosis (TRIPOD) score and Radiomics Quality Score (RQS). Key results and limitations are analysed to identify opportunities for future research in the area. Results Radiomic models of stage and therapeutic response demonstrated discriminative capacity, though clinical applications require greater sensitivity. Although radiomic models predict survival within institutions, generalisability is limited. Few radiomic features have been recommended independently by multiple studies. Conclusions Future research must prioritise prospective validation of previously proposed models to further clinical translation. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13244-022-01245-0.
| S-EPMC9206060 | biostudies-literature
Project description:PurposeTo evaluate if the new Discovery Molecular Insights (DMI) PET/CT scanner provides equivalent results compared to the standard of care PET/CT scanners (GE Discovery 600 or GE Discovery 690) used in our clinic and to explore any possible differences in semi-quantitative measurements.MethodsThe local Institutional Review Board approved the protocol and written informed consent was obtained from each patient. Between September and November 2016, 50 patients underwent a single 18F-FDG injection and two scans: the clinical standard PET/CT followed immediately by the DMI PET/CT scan. We measured SUVmax and SUVmean of different background organs and up to four lesions per patient from data acquired using both scanners.ResultsDMI PET/CT identified all the 107 lesions detected by standard PET/CT scanners, as well as additional 37 areas of focal increased 18F-FDG uptake. The SUVmax values for all 107 lesions ranged 1.2 to 14.6 (mean ± SD: 2.8 ± 2.8), higher on DMI PET/CT compared with standard of care PET/CT. The mean lesion:aortic arch SUVmax ratio and mean lesion:liver SUVmax ratio were 0.2-15.2 (mean ± SD: 3.2 ± 2.6) and 0.2-8.5 (mean ± SD: 1.9 ± 1.4) respectively, higher on DMI PET/CT than standard PET/CT. These differences were statistically significant (P value < 0.0001) and not correlated to the delay in acquisition of DMI PET data (P < 0.0001).ConclusionsOur study shows high performance of the new DMI PET/CT scanner. This may have a significant role in diagnosing and staging disease, as well as for assessing and monitoring responses to therapies.
| S-EPMC5459477 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background: Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) is an imaging technique largely used in the management of infective endocarditis and in the detection and staging of cancer. We evaluate our experience of incidental cancer detection by PET/CT during IE investigations and follow-up. Methods and Findings: Between 2009 and 2018, our center, which includes an "endocarditis team," managed 750 patients with IE in a prospective cohort. PET/CT became available in 2011 and was performed in 451 patients. Incidental diagnosis of cancer by PET/CT was observed in 36 patients and confirmed in 34 of them (7.5%) (colorectal n = 17; lung n = 7; lymphoma n = 2; melanoma n = 2; ovarian n = 2; prostate n = 1; bladder n = 1; ear, nose, and throat n = 1; brain n = 1). A significant association has been found between colorectal cancer and Streptococcus gallolyticus and/or Enterococcus faecalis [12/26 vs. 6/33 for other cancers, p = 0.025, odds ratio = 3.86 (1.19-12.47)]. Two patients had a negative PET/CT (a colon cancer and a bladder cancer), and two patients, with positive PET/CT, had a benign colorectal tumor. PET/CT had a sensitivity of 94-100% for the diagnosis of cancer in this patient. Conclusions: Whole-body PET/CT confirmed the high incidence of cancer in patients with IE and could now be proposed in these cases.
| S-EPMC7533668 | biostudies-literature