Dataset Information

Estimation of sea-ice thickness and volume in the Sea of Okhotsk based on ICESat data.

ABSTRACT: Sea-ice thickness in the Sea of Okhotsk is estimated for 2004-2008 from ICESat derived freeboard under the assumption of hydrostatic balance. Total ice thickness including snow depth (h tot ) averaged over 2004-2008 is 95 cm. The interannual variability of h tot is large; from 77.5 cm (2008) to 110.4 cm (2005). The mode of h tot varies from 50-60 cm (2007 and 2008) to 70-80 cm (2005). Ice thickness derived from ICESat data is validated from a comparison with that observed by Electromagnetic Induction Instrument (EM) aboard the icebreaker Soya near Hokkaido, Japan. Annual maps of h tot reveal that the spatial distribution of h tot is similar every year. Ice volume of 6.3 × 1011 m3 is estimated from the ICESat derived h tot and AMSR-E derived ice concentration. A comparison with ice area demonstrates that the ice volume cannot always be represented by the area solely, despite the fact that the area has been used as a proxy of the volume in the Sea of Okhotsk. The ice volume roughly corresponds to that of annual ice production in the major coastal polynyas estimated based on heat budget calculations. This also supports the validity of the estimation of sea-ice thickness and volume using ICESat data.

SUBMITTER: Nihashi S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7365270 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Estimation of sea-ice thickness and volume in the Sea of Okhotsk based on ICESat data.

Nihashi Sohey S Kurtz Nathan T NT Markus Thorsten T Ohshima Kay I KI Tateyama Kazutaka K Toyota Takenobu T

Annals of glaciology 20180405 76 Pt 2

Sea-ice thickness in the Sea of Okhotsk is estimated for 2004-2008 from ICESat derived freeboard under the assumption of hydrostatic balance. Total ice thickness including snow depth (h tot ) averaged over 2004-2008 is 95 cm. The interannual variability of h tot is large; from 77.5 cm (2008) to 110.4 cm (2005). The mode of h tot varies from 50-60 cm (2007 and 2008) to 70-80 cm (2005). Ice thickness derived from ICESat dat ...[more]

PMID: 32675891

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Project description:BACKGROUND: Abnormal uterine bleeding is often investigated in clinical studies and critical to identify during gynecological consultation. The current standard for quantification of menstrual blood loss is the alkaline-hematin-method. However, this method is expensive and inconvenient for patients. Bleeding diaries, although widely used, provide only qualitative information on menstrual blood loss. Other methods have been developed, but still do not provide reliable quantitative data. METHODS: We estimated blood loss volume using data from two clinical studies in women suffering abnormal menstrual bleeding. These estimations were derived from mixed linear models based on diary data, hematological parameters and age. To validate the models, we applied our results to data from a third study with a similar patient population. RESULTS: The resulting best fitting model uses diary entries on bleeding intensity at a particular day, information on occurrence and frequency of single bleeding intensities in defined time windows, hemoglobin and ferritin values and age of the patient all as predictors of menstrual blood loss volume. Sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of excessive bleeding were 87% and 70%, respectively. Our model-based estimates reflect the subjective assessment by physicians and patients in the same way as the measured values do.When applying the model to an independent study, we found a correlation of 0.73 between estimated and measured values for the blood loss in a single day. Further models with reduced number of parameters (simplified for easier practical use) still showed correlation values between 0.69 and 0.73. CONCLUSIONS: We present a method for estimating menstrual blood loss volume in women suffering from prolonged or excessive menstrual bleeding. Our statistical model includes entries from bleeding diaries, laboratory parameters and age and produces results which correlate well with data derived by the alkaline-hematin-method. Therefore, this model may be used to estimate menstrual blood loss volume in both routine gynecological counseling and clinical studies.

Dataset Information

Estimation of sea-ice thickness and volume in the Sea of Okhotsk based on ICESat data.

Publications

Estimation of sea-ice thickness and volume in the Sea of Okhotsk based on ICESat data.

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