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Cutting Edge: Inhibition of the Interaction of NK Inhibitory Receptors with MHC Class I Augments Antiviral and Antitumor Immunity.

ABSTRACT: NK cells recognize MHC class I (MHC-I) Ags via stochastically expressed MHC-I-specific inhibitory receptors that prevent NK cell activation via cytoplasmic ITIM. We have identified a pan anti-MHC-I mAb that blocks NK cell inhibitory receptor binding at a site distinct from the TCR binding site. Treatment of unmanipulated mice with this mAb disrupted immune homeostasis, markedly activated NK and memory phenotype T cells, enhanced immune responses against transplanted tumors, and augmented responses to acute and chronic viral infection. mAbs of this type represent novel checkpoint inhibitors in tumor immunity, potent tools for the eradication of chronic infection, and may function as adjuvants for the augmentation of the immune response to weak vaccines.

SUBMITTER: Panda AK

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7369225 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Cutting Edge: Inhibition of the Interaction of NK Inhibitory Receptors with MHC Class I Augments Antiviral and Antitumor Immunity.

Panda Abir K AK Gangaplara Arunakumar A Buszko Maja M Natarajan Kannan K Boyd Lisa F LF Sharma Suveena S Margulies David H DH Shevach Ethan M EM

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 20200629 3

NK cells recognize MHC class I (MHC-I) Ags via stochastically expressed MHC-I-specific inhibitory receptors that prevent NK cell activation via cytoplasmic ITIM. We have identified a pan anti-MHC-I mAb that blocks NK cell inhibitory receptor binding at a site distinct from the TCR binding site. Treatment of unmanipulated mice with this mAb disrupted immune homeostasis, markedly activated NK and memory phenotype T cells, enhanced immune responses against transplanted tumors, and augmented respons ...[more]

PMID: 32601097

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