Phenotypic spectrum and genetic analysis in the fatal cases of Schaaf-Yang syndrome: Two case reports and literature review.

ABSTRACT: RATIONALE:Schaaf-Yang syndrome, a rare imprinted hereditary disease caused by MAGEL2 variants, manifests as developmental delay/intellectual disability, neonatal hypotonia, feeding difficulties, contractures, and autism spectrum disorder. PATIENT CONCERNS:Patient 1 and 2 were infant girls presenting facial dysmorphisms, contractures of interphalangeal joints, neonatal hypotonia, feeding difficulties, congenital heart diseases, and respiratory complications. Besides, Patient 2 presented with delayed psychomotor development. DIAGNOSIS:Whole-exome sequencing was performed and heterozygous mutations of the MAGEL2 gene were detected in the patients. They were diagnosed as Schaaf-Yang syndrome. INTERVENTIONS:The patients received supportive treatment including mechanical ventilation, parenteral nutrition and gastric tube feeding. OUTCOMES:Whole-exome sequencing revealed de novo heterozygous c.1996dupC pathogenic mutations in the MAGEL2 gene in the 2 patients. They died due to respiratory failure at the age of 20 days and 98 days, respectively. LESSONS:Our results indicate that MAGEL2 variants can cause congenital heart disease and fatal respiratory complications, broadening the phenotypic spectrum and adding to the fatal cases of Schaaf-Yang syndrome. We highly suggest that the MAGEL2 gene should be added to gene-panels or gene-filters in next-generation sequencing-based diagnostics, which is of great significance for early diagnosis and early intervention of Schaaf-Yang syndrome patients.

SUBMITTER: Chen X 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7373511 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature