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Optical coherence tomography angiography in multiple sclerosis: A cross-sectional study.

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVES:To evaluate retinal axonal density and retinal capillary flow density (CFD) variations in patients affected by multiple sclerosis (MS) as documented by Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCT-A). MATERIAL AND METHODS:A cross-sectional study was performed in a tertiary university eye hospital on 94 eyes from 48 MS patients compared to 37 eyes from 23 matched controls. MS patients were divided in two groups: those with previous episodes of optic neuritis (MS ON+, 71.4%) and those without any previous visual complaint (no optic neuritis group, MS ON, 28.6%). Patients underwent macular and optic nerve head OCT-A with Optovue XR Avanti (Optovue, Freemont, California) after that preliminary evaluation of the ganglion cell complex (GCC) and of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) was achieved for each single eye by SD-OCT. CFD was evaluated in three different retinal layers of MS patients and controls: superficial capillary plexus (SCP), deep capillary plexus (DCP) and the choriocapillaris layer (CL). Each layer was analyzed in 18 preset subregions automatically detected by the system. CFD values were then correlated to the RNFL thickness and GCC thickness in the groups: p values were computed by t-tests between each group of MS patients and controls. A p-value of <0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS:A significant difference in the overall CFD values was found between ON+ and ON- patients when compared to controls in 18 subregions of SCP. Furthermore, a significant difference was found between MS patients and controls in 16 subregions analyzed corresponding to the CL layer without difference between the two MS subgroups (ON+ and ON-). CONCLUSIONS:OCT-A when performed at the optic nerve head level and at the macular region is characterized by a reduction of retinal perfusion in a significant portion of MS patients independently if they had a previous history of optic nerve inflammation or not.

SUBMITTER: Farci R

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7377434 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Optical coherence tomography angiography in multiple sclerosis: A cross-sectional study.

Farci Roberta R Carta Arturo A Cocco Eleonora E Frau Jessica J Fossarello Maurizio M Diaz Giacom G

PloS one 20200723 7

<h4>Objectives</h4>To evaluate retinal axonal density and retinal capillary flow density (CFD) variations in patients affected by multiple sclerosis (MS) as documented by Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCT-A).<h4>Material and methods</h4>A cross-sectional study was performed in a tertiary university eye hospital on 94 eyes from 48 MS patients compared to 37 eyes from 23 matched controls. MS patients were divided in two groups: those with previous episodes of optic neuritis (MS ON+, 71 ...[more]

PMID: 32702050

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Project description:BackgroundOCT-A is a recent imaging technique allowing a non-invasive assessment of the retinal and choroidal microvasculature, providing valuable data for the diagnosis and monitoring of wet AMD. We aim to determine the diagnosis accuracy, describe the morphological features, and assess the clinical activity of MNV in wet AMD using OCT-A.Materials and methodsWe conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study over a 15-month period. We enrolled patients with treatment-naive and treated MNV secondary to wet AMD. Macular OCT-A images were obtained using a swept-source OCT-A device (Triton SS-OCT, Topcon, Tokyo, Japan). Morphologic characteristics and semi-automated measurements were analyzed on the en face projection OCT-Angiograms. For the qualitative analysis, determined the sensitivity of detection of the MNV using OCTA. When detected, we described its shape, branching pattern, anastomoses and loops, and vessel termination. We looked for the halo sign and the feeder vessel. We then defined the lesion's "pattern" reflecting its exudative activity. For the quantitative analysis, we measured the lesion's area in square millimeters, when its borders were clearly defined.Results70 eyes from 55 patients were enrolled in this study. Type 1 MNV was identified in 57,1% eyes, type 2 in 21,4%, mixed type 1 and2 in 1,4%, type 3 in 1,4% and unclassified fibrotic MNV in 18,6%. 55,7% were active and 44,3% were inactive. Sensitivity of detection was 85% for type 1 lesions, 100% for type 2, mixed and type 3 lesions, and 92% for unclassified fibrotic lesions. It was 84,6% for active lesions and 96,8% for inactive lesions. For each detected lesion, shape was well-defined (medusa, glomerulus, seafan), long liner vessels or ill-defined. Branching pattern was dense or loose. Anastomoses and vascular loops were numerous or few. Termination was in an anastomotic arcade or in a dead-tree aspect. Halo sign was present or absent and feeder vessel was detected or not. All types combined, 41,3% of the lesions were "pattern I" and 58,7% were pattern II. We reported a correlation rate of 84,8% between the lesion's activity on MI and « pattern I » on OCT-A, and of 96,6% between absence of activity signs on MI and « pattern II » on OCT-A The mean area of inactive lesions was slightly larger than that of active lesions with respective values of 3.86 mm2 and 2.92 mm2.ConclusionOCT-A is a non-invasive, safe, and reproducible retinal imaging technique with a high sensitivity of detection of MNV in AMD. It provides useful qualitative and quantitative data. The involvement of OCT-A in the treatment decision for MNV in AMD is linked to identifying the "pattern" of the lesion reflecting its active or inactive status.

Dataset Information

Optical coherence tomography angiography in multiple sclerosis: A cross-sectional study.

Publications

Optical coherence tomography angiography in multiple sclerosis: A cross-sectional study.

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