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Possible role of circulating tumor cells in early detection of lung cancer.

ABSTRACT: The prognosis of lung cancer varies highly depending on the disease stage at diagnosis, from a 5-year survival rate close to 90% in stage I, to 10% or less in stage IV disease. The enhancement of early diagnosis of this malignancy is mandatory to improve prognosis, because lung cancer patients stay long asymptomatic or few symptomatic after disease onset. Nowadays, liquid biopsy has emerged as a minimally-invasive tool to address the urgent need for real time monitoring, stratification, and personalized treatment of malignancies, including lung cancer. Liquid biopsy refers to a class of biomarkers, including circulating tumor cells (CTCs), cell-free circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (tdEV). Since CTCs represent a crucial step in disease progression and metastasis, we reviewed here the scientific literature about the use of CTCs in early diagnosis of lung cancer; different techniques, and different strategies (e.g., source of analysis sample or high-risk groups of patients) were discussed showing the potential of implementing liquid biopsy in the clinical routine of non-metastatic lung cancer.

SUBMITTER: Poggiana C

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7399415 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Possible role of circulating tumor cells in early detection of lung cancer.

Poggiana Cristina C Rossi Elisabetta E Zamarchi Rita R

Journal of thoracic disease 20200701 7

The prognosis of lung cancer varies highly depending on the disease stage at diagnosis, from a 5-year survival rate close to 90% in stage I, to 10% or less in stage IV disease. The enhancement of early diagnosis of this malignancy is mandatory to improve prognosis, because lung cancer patients stay long asymptomatic or few symptomatic after disease onset. Nowadays, liquid biopsy has emerged as a minimally-invasive tool to address the urgent need for real time monitoring, stratification, and pers ...[more]

PMID: 32802464

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Project description:BackgroundLung cancer is the second most common and the most fatal form of cancer. Although annual low-dose computed tomography is used as the primary method of cancer screening, it presents challenges regarding resources as well as potential health risks from radiation exposure. Chest radiography (CXR), though less effective, is used frequently and commonly. Moreover, often in clinical settings, CXR is the first imaging modality used; computed tomography is subsequently performed if abnormalities are detected on CXRs. This study examined whether controlling for distractors and time constraints, as well as side-by-side comparison of multiple CXRs in clinical settings can aid earlier detection of radiological abnormalities indicative of lung cancer lesions.MethodsThirty-two attending physicians in the Republic of Korea examined 1,750 radiographs of 50 lung cancer cases. Using "hot spot" technology, participants indicated the possible locations of cancer lesions on each radiograph. Subsequently, the same radiographs, cropped to focus the anatomical regions where lung cancers were diagnosed, were shown side-by-side to the participants. The participants were asked to identify the radiograph which first enabled the diagnosis of lung cancer and which first showed a possible lesion.ResultsRemoval of systemic constraints alone significantly improved lesion identification by 221.72±9.69 days. Presenting radiographs side-by-side, cropped to relevant areas, had an additional significant and positive impact on cancer detection in both hidden and open areas on CXRs. Also, lesions were detected at smaller sizes and earlier than when actually diagnosed.ConclusionsCXR with improved methods and settings provides an easily accessible and low-risk imaging method for earlier detection of lung cancer compared to current clinical imaging settings. Further, this study demonstrates the potential effectiveness of programs that allow side-by-side comparisons of cropped areas of multiple radiographs to detect radiological abnormalities.

Dataset Information

Possible role of circulating tumor cells in early detection of lung cancer.

Publications

Possible role of circulating tumor cells in early detection of lung cancer.

Similar Datasets

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