Dataset Information

Human Microphysiological Models of Intestinal Tissue and Gut Microbiome.

ABSTRACT: The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is a complex system responsible for nutrient absorption, digestion, secretion, and elimination of waste products that also hosts immune surveillance, the intestinal microbiome, and interfaces with the nervous system. Traditional in vitro systems cannot harness the architectural and functional complexity of the GI tract. Recent advances in organoid engineering, microfluidic organs-on-a-chip technology, and microfabrication allows us to create better in vitro models of human organs/tissues. These micro-physiological systems could integrate the numerous cell types involved in GI development and physiology, including intestinal epithelium, endothelium (vascular), nerve cells, immune cells, and their interplay/cooperativity with the microbiome. In this review, we report recent progress in developing micro-physiological models of the GI systems. We also discuss how these models could be used to study normal intestinal physiology such as nutrient absorption, digestion, and secretion as well as GI infection, inflammation, cancer, and metabolism.

SUBMITTER: Steinway SN

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7411353 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Human Microphysiological Models of Intestinal Tissue and Gut Microbiome.

Steinway Steven N SN Saleh Jad J Koo Bon-Kyoung BK Delacour Delphine D Kim Deok-Ho DH

Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology 20200731

The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is a complex system responsible for nutrient absorption, digestion, secretion, and elimination of waste products that also hosts immune surveillance, the intestinal microbiome, and interfaces with the nervous system. Traditional <i>in vitro</i> systems cannot harness the architectural and functional complexity of the GI tract. Recent advances in organoid engineering, microfluidic organs-on-a-chip technology, and microfabrication allows us to create better <i>in vi ...[more]

PMID: 32850690

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Project description:Background & aimsThe limited availability of organoid systems that mimic the molecular signatures and architecture of human intestinal epithelium has been an impediment to allowing them to be harnessed for the development of therapeutics as well as physiological insights. We developed a microphysiological Organ-on-Chip platform designed to mimic properties of human intestinal epithelium leading to insights into barrier integrity.MethodsWe combined the human biopsy-derived leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein-coupled receptor 5-positive organoids and Organ-on-Chip technologies to establish a micro-engineered human Colon Intestine-Chip (Emulate, Inc, Boston, MA). We characterized the proximity of the model to human tissue and organoids maintained in suspension by RNA sequencing analysis, and their differentiation to intestinal epithelial cells on the Colon Intestine-Chip under variable conditions. Furthermore, organoids from different donors were evaluated to understand variability in the system. Our system was applied to understanding the epithelial barrier and characterizing mechanisms driving the cytokine-induced barrier disruption.ResultsOur data highlight the importance of the endothelium and the in vivo tissue-relevant dynamic microenvironment in the Colon Intestine-Chip in the establishment of a tight monolayer of differentiated, polarized, organoid-derived intestinal epithelial cells. We confirmed the effect of interferon-γ on the colonic barrier and identified reorganization of apical junctional complexes, and induction of apoptosis in the intestinal epithelial cells as mediating mechanisms. We show that in the human Colon Intestine-Chip exposure to interleukin 22 induces disruption of the barrier, unlike its described protective role in experimental colitis in mice.ConclusionsWe developed a human Colon Intestine-Chip platform and showed its value in the characterization of the mechanism of action of interleukin 22 in the human epithelial barrier. This system can be used to elucidate, in a time- and challenge-dependent manner, the mechanism driving the development of leaky gut in human beings and to identify associated biomarkers.

Dataset Information

Human Microphysiological Models of Intestinal Tissue and Gut Microbiome.

Publications

Human Microphysiological Models of Intestinal Tissue and Gut Microbiome.

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