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Synopsis of Schizanthus Ruiz & Pav. (Solanaceae), a genus endemic to the southern Andes.

ABSTRACT: We present a taxonomic synopsis of the South American genus Schizanthus Ruiz & Pav. (Solanaceae), within which we recognise seventeen taxa (14 species with three infraspecific taxa). The genus is mainly distributed in Chile between the coast of the Atacama Desert and the southern temperate forests, while two species occur in the Argentinian Provinces of Mendoza and Neuquén. This taxonomic treatment is based on the analysis of herbarium specimens from 30 different herbaria. For each accepted species we provide details of type specimens and synonymy, key characters, habitat, distribution information and presence in public or private protected areas. We also incorporate a list of representative localities from examined material. We here described three new taxa: Schizanthus porrigens Graham ex Hook. subsp. borealis V.Morales & Muñoz-Schick, subsp. nov., Schizanthus carlomunozii V.Morales & Muñoz-Schick, sp. nov. and its variety Schizanthus carlomunozii var. dilutimaculatus V.Morales & Muñoz-Schick, var. nov., all of them from the coast of Coquimbo Region. We also recognise Schizanthus litoralis Phil. var. humilis (Lindl.) V.Morales & Muñoz-Schick, comb. nov., as a new combination.

SUBMITTER: Morales-Fierro V

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7419342 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Synopsis of <i>Schizanthus</i> Ruiz & Pav. (Solanaceae), a genus endemic to the southern Andes.

Morales-Fierro Vanezza V Muñoz-Schick Mélica M Moreira-Muñoz Andrés A

PhytoKeys 20200804

We present a taxonomic synopsis of the South American genus <i>Schizanthus</i> Ruiz & Pav. (Solanaceae), within which we recognise seventeen taxa (14 species with three infraspecific taxa). The genus is mainly distributed in Chile between the coast of the Atacama Desert and the southern temperate forests, while two species occur in the Argentinian Provinces of Mendoza and Neuquén. This taxonomic treatment is based on the analysis of herbarium specimens from 30 different herbaria. For each accept ...[more]

PMID: 32848499

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Project description:Graphical abstract Highlights • The most active fraction of Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav (FIV), originated from methanol extracts and wash benzene-soluble extracts, has diabetic wound healing activities on wounded hyperglycemia fibroblasts.• FIV ameliorates collagen deposition through decreasing p53 expressions, increasing αSMA, SOD1 and E-cadherin expressions.• FIV ameliorates wound closure through decreasing p53 expressions, increasing αSMA and E-cadherin expressions.• Fibroblasts can be used as a therapeutic target that mimics the condition of diabetic wounds at least in the 10th passage. Introduction Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav (P. crocatum) has been reported to accelerate the diabetic wound healing process empirically. Some studies showed the benefits of P. crocatum in treating various diseases but its mechanisms in diabetic wound healing have never been reported. In the present study we investigated the diabetic wound healing activity of the active fraction of P. crocatum on wounded hyperglycemia fibroblasts (wHFs). Methods Bioassay-guided fractionation was performed to get the most active fraction. The selected active fraction was applied to wHFs within 72 h incubation. Mimicking a diabetic condition was done using basal glucose media containing an additional 17 mMol/L D-glucose. A wound was simulated via the scratch assay. The collagen deposition was measured using Picro-Sirius Red and wound closure was measured using scratch wound assay. Underlying mechanisms through p53, αSMA, SOD1 and E-cadherin were measured using western blotting. Results We reported that FIV is the most active fraction of P. crocatum. We confirmed that FIV\(7.81 µg/ml, 15.62 µg/ml, 31.25 µg/ml, 62.5 µg/ml, and 125 µg/ml) induced the collagen deposition and wound closure of wHFs. Furthermore, FIV treatment (7.81 µg/ml, 15.62 µg/ml, 31.25 µg/ml) down-regulated the protein expression level of p53 and up-regulated the protein expression levels of αSMA, E-cadherin, and SOD1. Discussion/conclusions Our findings suggest that ameliorating collagen deposition and wound closure through protein regulation of p53, αSMA, E-cadherin, and SOD1 are some of the mechanisms by which FIV of P. crocatum is involved in diabetic wound healing therapy.

Dataset Information

Synopsis of Schizanthus Ruiz & Pav. (Solanaceae), a genus endemic to the southern Andes.

Publications

Synopsis of <i>Schizanthus</i> Ruiz & Pav. (Solanaceae), a genus endemic to the southern Andes.

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