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Incidence and associated factors for hypotension after spinal anesthesia during cesarean section at Gandhi Memorial Hospital Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Spinal anesthesia is a type of regional anesthesia that has been practicing for obstetric anesthesia since the beginning of the 20th century. Despite the simplicity and lower maternal mortality risk, compared to general anesthesia, spinal anesthesia is linked to different adverse effects, of which hypotension is the most common complication. The main aim of this study was to determine the incidence and associated factors of hypotension after spinal anesthesia during cesarean section. METHOD:Institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted with 410 clients. The study was conducted on cesarean section under spinal anesthesia from 5th January to 30th April 2019, at the Gandhi Memorial Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Both bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis were done on the associated factors. The level of statistical significance was represented at p<0.05. RESULTS:The incidence of hypotension among mothers who underwent a cesarean section after spinal anesthesia was 64%. Newborn weight ?4kg (AOR = 5.373; 95%CI: (1.627-17.740)) showed an increase risk of association with hypotension. A baseline systolic blood pressure < 120mmHg (AOR = 6.293; (95%CI: 2.999-13.204)) was found to be associated with increased risk of hypotension. Sensory block height >T6 AOR = 2.230; 95%CI: (1.329-3.741), the time interval between spinal induction and skin incision > 6minutes AOR = 1.803; 95%CI: (1.044-3.114) and anesthetist experience AOR = 5.033(95%CI: 2.144-11.818) were also associated with hypotension. CONCLUSION:The identified risk factors for hypotension, after spinal anesthesia are sensory height block, weight of the baby, the time interval between spinal induction and skin incision, baseline systolic blood pressure, and anesthetist experience.

SUBMITTER: Shitemaw T

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7425909 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Incidence and associated factors for hypotension after spinal anesthesia during cesarean section at Gandhi Memorial Hospital Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Shitemaw Tewoderos T Jemal Bedru B Mamo Temesgen T Akalu Luelayehu L

PloS one 20200813 8

<h4>Background</h4>Spinal anesthesia is a type of regional anesthesia that has been practicing for obstetric anesthesia since the beginning of the 20th century. Despite the simplicity and lower maternal mortality risk, compared to general anesthesia, spinal anesthesia is linked to different adverse effects, of which hypotension is the most common complication. The main aim of this study was to determine the incidence and associated factors of hypotension after spinal anesthesia during cesarean s ...[more]

PMID: 32790681

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Project description:Background Ethiopia witnessed an unprecedented decline in under-5 and neonatal mortalities since 2000. But, neonatal mortality still accounts for the largest proportion of under-five child mortality. Quality of service at hospitals may vary and determine the magnitude of neonatal mortality. Objective To assess the prevalence and associated factors of neonatal mortality among newborns Admitted to the Neonatal intensive care unit of Gandhi Memorial Hospital Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2019. Methods Institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from November 1 to December 31, 2019. A sample of one in every 2 admitted patients was included in the study. our exclusion criterion was neonates who had no mothers or guardians and/or neonatal medical records incomplete for status at discharge. We used the Systematic random sampling technique to select the study participants. A pretested structured interviewer-administered questionnaire and a preliminary tested checklist were used to collect primary and secondary data respectively. Descriptive and summary statistics were performed. A binary logistic regression model was fitted and variables that had a P-value of < 0.05 in the multivariable model were considered statistically significant. Results A total of 570 neonates who have mothers were involved in the study giving a response rate of 98.8%. The prevalence of neonatal mortality was 7.7% (95% CI: 5.7, 9.8). Mothers' educational status (No education (AOR 3.37, CI 95%, 1.02–11.20), premature rupture of membrane (prolonged PROM) (AOR 5.59, CI 95%, 1.05–29.76), and birth weight less than 2500gm (AOR 3.23, CI 95%, 1.17–8.90) are the significant factors associated with neonatal mortality. Conclusion The prevalence of neonatal mortality at Gandhi memorial hospital was generally high. As our finding revealed, neonates who are underweight and whose mothers have no formal education as well as have prolonged PROM have higher odds of neonatal mortality. Thus, clinicians, policymakers, and program managers should give special attention to neonates of none educated mothers, mothers with prolonged PROM, and neonates with low birth weight. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12887-022-03339-6.

Project description:BackgroundNorepinephrine infusion decreases hypotension after spinal anesthesia during cesarean section. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of norepinephrine infusion and ephedrine bolus against post-spinal hypotension in parturients.MethodsIn this double-blinded, randomized controlled clinical trial, parturients scheduled for elective cesarean section were randomly allocated to receive norepinephrine infusion (0.05 μg·kg-1·min-1) just before spinal anesthesia continuing for 30 min or ephedrine bolus (0.15 mg/kg) just before spinal anesthesia. A rescue bolus (5 μg norepinephrine for the norepinephrine group, and 5 mg ephedrine for the ephedrine group) was administered whenever hypotension occurred. Our primary outcome was the incidence of hypotension within 30 min of spinal anesthesia administration. Secondary outcomes included maternal and neonatal outcomes 30 min after spinal block, and neonatal cerebral oxygenation 10 min after birth.ResultsIn total, 190 patients were enrolled; of these patients, 177 were included in the final analysis. Fewer patients suffered hypotension in the norepinephrine group than in the ephedrine group (29.5% vs. 44.9%, odds ratio [OR]: 0.51, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.28-0.95, P = 0.034). Moreover, the tachycardia frequency was lower in the norepinephrine group than in the ephedrine group (OR: 0.22, 95% CI: 0.11-0.44, P < 0.001), and patients suffered less nausea and vomiting (OR: 0.28, 95% CI: 0.11-0.70, P = 0.004). There was no difference in Apgar scores and umbilical arterial blood gas analysis between the two groups. However, neonatal cerebral regional saturations were significantly higher after birth in the norepinephrine group than in the ephedrine group (mean difference: 2.0%, 95% CI: 0.55%-3.45%, P = 0.008).ConclusionIn patients undergoing elective cesarean section with spinal anesthesia, norepinephrine infusion compared to ephedrine bolus resulted in less hypotension and tachycardia, and exhibited potential neonatal benefits.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02542748; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/record/NCT02542748.

Project description:BackgroundSpinal anesthesia is the standard technique for elective cesarean section, but the incidence of maternal hypotension in this setting is reportedly about 80%, without any prophylactic management. Vasopressors are the most reliable method for counteracting the hypotension induced by spinal anesthesia. However, studies investigating the effects of vasopressors have yielded inconsistent and debatable results. Therefore, we plan to conduct a systematic review and network meta-analysis to identify the most effective vasopressor to prevent maternal hypotension, and to decrease fetal acidosis in women undergoing spinal anesthesia for elective cesarean section.MethodsA systematic and comprehensive search to detect all the randomized controlled studies on vasopressors for the management of maternal hypotension during cesarean section under spinal anesthesia will be performed using information in the databases, MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and Google Scholar, beginning from their inception to October 2018. We will conduct a network meta-analysis to combine the direct and indirect comparisons of the vasopressors. We will use the surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) values and rankograms to present the hierarchy of vasopressors. A comparison-adjusted funnel plot will be used to assess the presence of small-study effects. The quality of the studies included will be assessed using the risk of bias tool. All statistical analyses will be performed using Stata SE version 15.0.Ethics and disseminationThis systematic review and meta-analysis will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. Ethical approval and informed consent are not required, as the study will be a literature review and will not involve direct contact with patients or alterations to patient care.Trial registration numberThe protocol for this review has been registered in the PROSPERO network (registration number: CRD42018111852).

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Incidence and associated factors for hypotension after spinal anesthesia during cesarean section at Gandhi Memorial Hospital Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

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Incidence and associated factors for hypotension after spinal anesthesia during cesarean section at Gandhi Memorial Hospital Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

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