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Immune-based therapies in the management of multiple myeloma.

ABSTRACT: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a clonal plasma cell malignancy affecting a predominantly elderly population. The continued development of newer therapies with novel mechanisms of action has reshaped the treatment paradigm of this disorder in the last two decades, leading to a significantly improved prognosis. This has in turn resulted in an increasing number of patients in need of therapy for relapsed/refractory disease. Immune-based therapies, including monoclonal antibodies, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and most promisingly, adoptive cellular therapies represent important therapeutic strategies in these patients due to their non-cross resistant mechanisms of actions with the usual frontline therapies comprising of immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs) and proteasome inhibitors (PIs). The anti-CD38 antibodies daratumumab and more recently isatuximab, with their excellent efficacy and safety profile along with its synergy in combination with IMiDs and PIs, are being increasingly incorporated in the frontline setting. Chimeric antigen receptor-T cell (CART) therapies and bi-specific T-cell engager (BiTE) represent exciting new options that have demonstrated efficacy in heavily pretreated and refractory MM. In this review, we discuss the rationale for use of immune-based therapies in MM and summarize the currently available literature for common antibodies and CAR-T therapies that are utilized in MM.

SUBMITTER: Zanwar S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7443188 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Immune-based therapies in the management of multiple myeloma.

Zanwar Saurabh S Nandakumar Bharat B Kumar Shaji S

Blood cancer journal 20200822 8

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a clonal plasma cell malignancy affecting a predominantly elderly population. The continued development of newer therapies with novel mechanisms of action has reshaped the treatment paradigm of this disorder in the last two decades, leading to a significantly improved prognosis. This has in turn resulted in an increasing number of patients in need of therapy for relapsed/refractory disease. Immune-based therapies, including monoclonal antibodies, immune checkpoint inhibi ...[more]

PMID: 32829378

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Project description:Patients with multiple myeloma (MM) are often treated with chemotherapy, radiation, and, if indicated, autologous stem cell transplant. In addition to side effects of the treatment, patients with MM often have bone pain, pathological fractures, spinal cord compressions, fatigue, and muscle weakness, which negatively impact functional performance and quality of life. Currently, there are no related guidelines for safe and effective physiotherapy (PT) management. Accordingly, the aim of the present study is to develop guidelines for effective physiotherapy management of patients with MM by systematically reviewing and evaluating the available evidence followed by a consensus process to specifically describe the research questions as detailed below.Physiotherapy management guidelines for patients with multiple myeloma will be developed based on the results of a systematic search of the following databases: US National Library of Medicine Database (PubMed), Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Excerpta Medica Database (EMBASE), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Elton B. Stephens Co. (EBSCO), Web of Science, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects (DARE), Cochrane Database of Systematic Review, and Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro). All articles will be screened for inclusion and exclusion criteria. Relevant potential articles will be identified and systematically reviewed for final phase of inclusion. Two independent reviewers will systematically review and analyze the quality of identified articles using standardized assessment tools. Scientific conclusions will be drawn and recommendations will be made based on a critical appraisal process. The guideline development will also be based on the team's judgment about the overall quality of the studies and a consensus process.Draft guidelines will be developed in the form of action statements based on the strength of evidence and grades of recommendations. The draft guidelines will be reviewed internally by two independent reviewers using AGREE II and externally by a methodological expert from Evidence-Based Care - Cancer Care Ontario and will be sent to the Canadian Physiotherapy Association (CPA) for feedback from physiotherapists.PROSPERO CRD42017064056.

Dataset Information

Immune-based therapies in the management of multiple myeloma.

Publications

Immune-based therapies in the management of multiple myeloma.

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