Dataset Information

Association between amphetamine-related disorders and dementia-a nationwide cohort study in Taiwan.

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE:We have conducted a study to clarify the association between amphetamine-related disorders (ARD) and the risk of developing dementia. METHODS:This study used a retrospective cohort design by using Taiwan's National Health Research Institute Database. A random sample of 68,300 subjects between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2015, was obtained, comprising of 17,075 patients with ARD, and 51,225 controls without ARD (1:3), matched for gender and age group. After adjusting for covariates, a Fine and Gray's survival analysis (competing with mortality) was used to compare the risk of dementia during a 15-year follow-up period. RESULTS:In the present study, 1,751 of 17,075 patients with ARD and 2,147 of 51,225 in the control group without ARD (883.10 vs 342.83 per 100,000 person-years) developed dementia. ARD cohort was more likely to develop dementia (hazard ratio = 4.936 [95% CI: 4.609-5.285, P < 0.001). After adjusting for gender, age groups, education, monthly insured premiums, urbanization level, geographic region, comorbidities, the hazard ratio for ARD patients was 5.034 (95% CI: 4.701-5.391, P < 0.001). ARD has been associated with overall dementia, Alzheimer dementia, vascular dementia, and other dementia. Both the amphetamine use disorder and amphetamine-induced psychotic disorders were associated with the risk of overall dementia, Alzheimer dementia, vascular dementia, and other dementia. INTERPRETATION:This study shows that patients with ARD, both the amphetamine use disorder and the amphetamine-induced psychotic disorder, may have a nearly fivefold risk of developing dementia, including Alzheimer dementia and other types of dementia.

SUBMITTER: Tzeng NS

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7448166 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Association between amphetamine-related disorders and dementia-a nationwide cohort study in Taiwan.

Tzeng Nian-Sheng NS Chien Wu-Chien WC Chung Chi-Hsiang CH Chang Hsin-An HA Kao Yu-Chen YC Liu Yia-Ping YP

Annals of clinical and translational neurology 20200630 8

<h4>Objective</h4>We have conducted a study to clarify the association between amphetamine-related disorders (ARD) and the risk of developing dementia.<h4>Methods</h4>This study used a retrospective cohort design by using Taiwan's National Health Research Institute Database. A random sample of 68,300 subjects between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2015, was obtained, comprising of 17,075 patients with ARD, and 51,225 controls without ARD (1:3), matched for gender and age group. After adjustin ...[more]

PMID: 32608133

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Project description:Introduction: Fluoroquinolone exposure is reportedly associated with a higher risk of tendon disorders, tendonitis, or tendon rupture. However, studies in East Asian populations have not confirmed these risks in patients with comorbidities or concomitant medication use. This cohort study was designed to investigate the associations among fluoroquinolone exposure, comorbidities, medication use, and tendon disorders in Taiwan. Materials and Methods: This population-based, nationwide, observational, cohort study used data from the National Health Insurance Research database in Taiwan, a nationwide claims database that covers more than 99% of the Taiwanese population. The study period was from January 2000 to December 2015, and the median follow-up time was 11.05 ± 10.91 years. Patients who were exposed to fluoroquinolones for more than three consecutive days were enrolled, and patients without fluoroquinolone exposure who were matched by age, sex, and index year were enrolled as controls. The associations of comorbidities and concomitant medication use with tendon disorder occurrence were analyzed using Cox regression models. Results: The incidence of tendon disorders were 6.61 and 3.34 per 105 person-years in patients with and without fluoroquinolone exposure, respectively (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.423; 95% confidence interval [1.02,1.87]; p = 0.021). Sensitivity analyses yielded similar results. Patients under 18 and over 60 years with fluoroquinolone exposure; those with chronic kidney disease, diabetes, rheumatologic disease, cardiac disease, lipid disorder, or obesity; and those who concomitantly used statins, aromatase inhibitors, or glucocorticoids, had a significantly higher risk of tendon disorders. Conclusion: The long-term risk of tendon disorders was higher in patients with fluoroquinolone exposure than in those without fluoroquinolone exposure. Clinicians should assess the benefits and risks of fluoroquinolone use in patients at high risk of tendon disorders who require fluoroquinolone administration.

Project description:ObjectivesInjury is an important issue in public health. Spinal curvature disorders are deformities characterised by excessive curves of the spine. The prevalence of spinal curvature disorders is not low, but its relationship with injury has not been studied. The aim of this study is to investigate whether spinal curvature disorders increase the risk of injury.DesignPopulation-based retrospective cohort study.SettingUsing data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database from 2000 to 2010.Participants and exposurePatients with spinal curvature disorders were selected using codes from the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification. A cohort without spinal curvature was randomly frequency-matched to the spinal curvature disorders cohort at a ratio of 2:1 according to age, sex and index year.Primary outcome measuresThe risk of injury was analysed using Cox's proportional hazards regression models adjusting for age, sex, comorbidities, urbanisation level and socioeconomic status.ResultsA total of 20 566 patients with spinal curvature disorders and 41 132 controls were enrolled in this study. The risk of injury was 2.209 times higher (95% CI 2.118 to 2.303) in patients with spinal curvature disorders than in the control group. The spinal curvature disorders cohort exhibited higher risk of developing injury compared with the control group, regardless of age, sex, comorbidities, urbanisation level and subgroup of spinal curvature disorders. Based on the subgroup analysis, the spinal curvature disorders cohort had higher risks of unintentional injury and injury diagnoses such as fracture, dislocation, open wound, superficial injury/contusion, crushing and injury to nerves and spinal cord compared with the control cohort.ConclusionsPatients with spinal curvature disorders have a significantly higher risk of developing injury than patients without spinal curvature disorders. Aggressive detection and management of spinal curvature disorders may be beneficial for injury prevention.

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Association between amphetamine-related disorders and dementia-a nationwide cohort study in Taiwan.

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Association between amphetamine-related disorders and dementia-a nationwide cohort study in Taiwan.

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