Dataset Information

Antibiotic use in patients with COVID-19: a 'snapshot' Infectious Diseases International Research Initiative (ID-IRI) survey.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Antibiotics may be indicated in patients with COVID-19 due to suspected or confirmed bacterial superinfection. OBJECTIVES:To investigate antibiotic prescribing practices in patients with COVID-19. METHODS:We performed an international web-based survey and investigated the pattern of antibiotic use as reported by physicians involved in treatment of COVID-19. SPSS Statistics version 25 was used for data analysis. RESULTS:The survey was completed by 166 participants from 23 countries and 82 different hospitals. Local guidelines for antibiotic use in COVID-19 patients were reported by 61.8% (n?=?102) of participants and for 82.9% (n?=?136) they did not differ from local community-acquired pneumonia guidelines. Clinical presentation was recognized as the most important reason for the start of antibiotics (mean score?=?4.07 and SD?=?1.095 on grading scale from 1 to 5). When antibiotics were started, most respondents rated as the highest the need for coverage of atypical pathogens (mean score?=?2.8 and SD?=?0.99), followed by Staphylococcus aureus (mean score?=?2.67 and SD?=?1.05 on bi-modal scale, with values 1 and 2 for disagreement and values 3 and 4 for agreement). In the patients on the ward, 29.1% of respondents chose not to prescribe any antibiotic. Combination of ?-lactams and macrolides or fluoroquinolones was reported by 52.4% (n?=?87) of respondents. In patients in the ICU, piperacillin/tazobactam was the most commonly prescribed antibiotic. The mean reported duration of antibiotic treatment was 7.12 (SD?=?2.44) days. CONCLUSIONS:The study revealed widespread broad-spectrum antibiotic use in patients with COVID-19. Implementation of antimicrobial stewardship principles is warranted to mitigate the negative consequences of antibiotic therapy.

SUBMITTER: Beovic B

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7454563 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Antibiotic use in patients with COVID-19: a 'snapshot' Infectious Diseases International Research Initiative (ID-IRI) survey.

Beović Bojana B Doušak May M Ferreira-Coimbra João J Nadrah Kristina K Rubulotta Francesca F Belliato Mirko M Berger-Estilita Joana J Ayoade Folusakin F Rello Jordi J Erdem Hakan H

The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy 20201101 11

<h4>Background</h4>Antibiotics may be indicated in patients with COVID-19 due to suspected or confirmed bacterial superinfection.<h4>Objectives</h4>To investigate antibiotic prescribing practices in patients with COVID-19.<h4>Methods</h4>We performed an international web-based survey and investigated the pattern of antibiotic use as reported by physicians involved in treatment of COVID-19. SPSS Statistics version 25 was used for data analysis.<h4>Results</h4>The survey was completed by 166 parti ...[more]

PMID: 32766706

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Project description:ObjectivesIn this study, we aimed to measure the awareness, acceptability and perceptions of current issues in biosecurity posed by infectious diseases dual-use research of concern (DURC) in the community. DURC is conducted today in many locations around the world for the benefit of humanity but may also cause harm through either a laboratory accident or deliberate misuse. Most DURC is approved by animal ethics committees, which do not typically consider harm to humans. Given the unique characteristics of contagion and the potential for epidemics and pandemics, the community is an important stakeholder in DURC.DesignSelf-administered web-based cross-sectional survey.ParticipantsParticipants over the age of 18 in Australia and 21 in the USA were included in the survey. A total of 604 participants completed the study. The results of 52 participants were excluded due to potential biases about DURC stemming from their employment as medical researchers, infectious diseases researchers or law enforcement professionals, leaving 552 participants. Of those, 274 respondents resided in Australia and 278 in the USA.OutcomesBaseline awareness, acceptability and perceptions of current issues surrounding DURC. Changes in perception from baseline were measured after provision of information about DURC.ResultsPresurvey, 77% of respondents were unaware of DURC and 64% found it unacceptable or were unsure. Two-thirds of respondents did not change their views. The baseline perception of high risk for laboratory accidents (29%) and deliberate bioterrorism (34%) was low but increased with increasing provision of information (42% and 44% respectively, p<0.001), with men more accepting of DURC (OR=1.79, 95% CI 1.25 to 2.57, p=0.002). Postsurvey, higher education predicted lower risk perception of laboratory accidents (OR=0.56, 95% CI 0.34 to 0.93, p=0.02) and bioterrorism (OR=0.48, 95% CI 0.29 to 0.80, p=0.004).ConclusionThe community is an important stakeholder in infectious diseases DURC but has a low awareness of this kind of research. Only a minority support DURC, and this proportion decreased with increasing provision of knowledge. There were differences of opinion between age groups, gender and education levels. The community should be informed and engaged in decisions about DURC.

Project description:BACKGROUND:Food animal veterinarians face commodity specific and urgent global challenges yet conditions preventing use of best available knowledge have been sparsely studied. The American Association of Swine Veterinarians (AASV) membership (N?=?1289) was surveyed online to benchmark their information priorities and their motivations and sources for keeping current with infectious disease research, and to describe their reported time, skill, access, and process as barriers to knowledge translation (KT). RESULTS:Respondents (n?=?80) were mostly from Canada (n?=?40) and the U.S.A (n?=?31) and demographics approximated the AASV's. Colleagues are the first choice for information on difficult cases (49%, 95%CI: 38-61). Half of respondents (53%, 95%CI: 41-64) spend an hour or less per week keeping up with infectious disease research. The majority reported moderate or less than moderate efficiency (62%, 95%CI: 51-72), and moderate or greater stress (59%, 95%CI: 48-70) with their process for keeping up. Journal article methods sections are commonly not read, almost a third (32%, 95% CI: 22-43) reported either they do not evaluate statistical methods or that they had poor confidence to do so, and half (52, 95%CI: 41-63) could not explain 'confounding bias'. Approximately half (55%, 95%CI: 41-69) with direct oversight of swine herds had full access to 2 or fewer academic journals. Approximately a third of respondents (34%, 95%CI: 24-46) selected only formats involving single research studies (either full text or summaries) as preferred reading materials for keeping current over expert summaries of the body of evidence. CONCLUSION:KT barriers are considerable and a source of stress for many swine veterinarians. Sub-optimal efficiency with keeping up and low confidence to appraise aspects of research are concerns. Results are consistent with previous literature and illustrate need for improved KT infrastructure and for additional training in statistical methods and interpretation of primary research. Further evaluation is warranted of why approximately a third of veterinarians in this study, for the purpose of keeping up, preferentially choose to review individual research studies over choices that would include an expert summary of the body of evidence. Consideration of reasons for this preference will be important in the planning of KT infrastructure improvements.

Dataset Information

Antibiotic use in patients with COVID-19: a 'snapshot' Infectious Diseases International Research Initiative (ID-IRI) survey.

Publications

Antibiotic use in patients with COVID-19: a 'snapshot' Infectious Diseases International Research Initiative (ID-IRI) survey.

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