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A field-based quantitative analysis of sublethal effects of air pollution on pollinators.

ABSTRACT: While the impact of air pollution on human health is well studied, mechanistic impacts of air pollution on wild systems, including those providing essential ecosystem services, are largely unknown, but directly impact our health and well-being. India is the world's largest fruit producer, second most populous country, and contains 9 of the world's 10 most polluted cities. Here, we sampled Giant Asian honey bees, Apis dorsata, at locations with varying air pollution levels in Bangalore, India. We observed significant correlations between increased respirable suspended particulate matter (RSPM) deposition and changes in bee survival, flower visitation, heart rate, hemocyte levels, and expression of genes related to lipid metabolism, stress, and immunity. Lab-reared Drosophila melanogaster exposed to these same sites also exhibited similar molecular and physiological differences. Our study offers a quantitative analysis on the current impacts of air pollution on insects, and indicates the urgency for more nonhuman studies to accurately assess the effects of pollution on our natural world.

SUBMITTER: Thimmegowda GG

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7456092 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Metabolic Effects of Air Pollution Exposure and Reversibility

Project description:In this study, we modeled early life air pollution exposure using C57BL/6J male mice on a controlled chow diet, exposed to real-world inhaled concentrated PM2.5 (~10x ambient level/ ~60-120g/m3) or filtered air (FA) over 14 weeks.  We investigated PM2.5 effects on phenotype, transcriptome and chromatin accessibility, compared the effects with a prototypical high-fat diet (HFD) stimulus, and examined the effects of cessation of exposure on reversibility of phenotype/genotype.

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Project description:The study comprises of 24 subjects that have been exposed to high and low Traffic-related air pollution.

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Health Effects of Air Pollution in China.

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| S-EPMC6068713 | biostudies-literature

Air pollution and homocysteine: more evidence that oxidative stress-related genes modify effects of particulate air pollution.

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| S-EPMC3939788 | biostudies-literature

Metformin reduces air pollution-induced thrombosis

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2018-10-05 | GSE98731 | GEO

Metabolic effects of air pollution exposure and reversibility.

Project description:Air pollution involving particulate matter smaller than 2.5 ?m in size (PM2.5) is the world's leading environmental risk factor contributing to mortality through cardiometabolic pathways. In this study, we modeled early life exposure using chow-fed C57BL/6J male mice that were exposed to real-world inhaled, concentrated PM2.5 (~10 times ambient levels/~60-120 ?g/m3) or filtered air over a 14-week period. We investigated the effects of PM2.5 on phenotype, the transcriptome, and chromatin accessibility and compared these with the effects of a prototypical high-fat diet (HFD) as well as cessation of exposure on phenotype reversibility. Exposure to PM2.5 impaired glucose and insulin tolerance and reduced energy expenditure and 18FDG-PET uptake in brown adipose tissue. Multiple differentially expressed gene clusters in pathways involving metabolism and circadian rhythm were noted in insulin-responsive tissues. Although the magnitude of transcriptional change detected with PM2.5 exposure was lower than that observed with a HFD, the degree of alteration in chromatin accessibility after PM2.5 exposure was significant. The novel chromatin remodeler SMARCA5 (SWI/SNF complex) was regulated in response to PM2.5 exposure, the cessation of which was associated with a reversal of insulin resistance and restoration of chromatin accessibility and nucleosome positioning near transcription start sites, as well as a reversal of exposure-induced changes in the transcriptome, including SMARCA5. These changes indicate pliable epigenetic control mechanisms following cessation of exposure.

| S-EPMC7598058 | biostudies-literature

Meta-analysis of adverse health effects due to air pollution in Chinese populations.

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| S-EPMC3698155 | biostudies-literature

Acute effects of air pollution on mortality: A 17-year analysis in Kuwait.

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| S-EPMC6511973 | biostudies-literature

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