Dataset Information

Occurrence and Molecular Characteristics of Mcr-1-Positive Escherichia coli from Healthy Meat Ducks in Shandong Province of China.

ABSTRACT: Colistin has been used as a growth promotant in livestock feed for many years. In China, mcr-1-positive Escherichia coli strains have been isolated from humans, chickens, and pigs. To date, there are few reports about the prevalence and molecular characteristics of fecal E. coli bearing mcr-1 in the meat ducks. In this study, the prevalence of mcr-1 gene was investigated among 120 fecal E. coli strains isolated from healthy meat ducks in Shandong province of China between October 2017 and February 2018. A total of nine mcr-1-containing E. coli strains were identified and two were identified as extra-intestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) among them. The clonal relationship of the nine E. coli strains was determined by multilocus sequencing typing (MLST) and pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), and the results indicated that all mcr-1-carrying isolates were clonally unrelated. Two different genetic contexts of mcr-1 were identified among these isolates. Colistin-resistant phenotype of all the isolates was successfully transferred to the recipient strains by conjugation experiments and seven transconjugants carried a single plasmid. The mcr-1 was located on three replicon plasmids: IncI2 (n = 4), IncFII (n = 2) and IncN (n = 1). Complete sequence analysis of a representative plasmid pTA9 revealed that it was strikingly similar with plasmid pMCR1-IncI2 of E. coli, plasmid pHNSHP45 of E. coli, and plasmid pWF-5-19C of Cronobacter sakazakii, implying that pTA9-like plasmids may be epidemic plasmids that mediate the spread of mcr-1 among Enterobacteriaceae. These results highlight that healthy meat duck is a potential reservoir for multidrug resistant mcr-1-containing E. coli strains.

SUBMITTER: Liu F

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7459970 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Occurrence and Molecular Characteristics of Mcr-1-Positive Escherichia coli from Healthy Meat Ducks in Shandong Province of China.

Liu Fengzhi F Zhang Ruihua R Yang Yupeng Y Li Hanqing H Wang Jingyu J Lan Jingjing J Li Pengfei P Zhu Yanli Y Xie Zhijing Z Jiang Shijin S

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI 20200729 8

Colistin has been used as a growth promotant in livestock feed for many years. In China, mcr-1-positive Escherichia coli strains have been isolated from humans, chickens, and pigs. To date, there are few reports about the prevalence and molecular characteristics of fecal E. coli bearing mcr-1 in the meat ducks. In this study, the prevalence of mcr-1 gene was investigated among 120 fecal E. coli strains isolated from healthy meat ducks in Shandong provinc ...[more]

PMID: 32751361

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Project description:The emergence of plasmid-mediated colistin resistance (mcr genes) threatens the effectiveness of polymyxins, which are last-resort drugs to treat infections by multidrug- and carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. Based on the occurrence of colistin resistance the aims of the study were to determine possible resistance mechanisms and then characterize the mcr-positive Escherichia coli. The research used material from the Polish national and EU harmonized antimicrobial resistance (AMR) monitoring programs. A total of 5,878 commensal E. coli from fecal samples of turkeys, chickens, pigs, and cattle collected in 2011-2016 were screened by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) determination for the presence of resistance to colistin (R) defined as R > 2 mg/L. Strains with MIC = 2 mg/L isolated in 2014-2016 were also included. A total of 128 isolates were obtained, and most (66.3%) had colistin MIC of 2 mg/L. PCR revealed mcr-1 in 80 (62.5%) isolates recovered from 61 turkeys, 11 broilers, 2 laying hens, 1 pig, and 1 bovine. No other mcr-type genes (including mcr-2 to -5) were detected. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of the mcr-1-positive isolates showed high diversity in the multi-locus sequence types (MLST) of E. coli, plasmid replicons, and AMR and virulence genes. Generally mcr-1.1 was detected on the same contig as the IncX4 (76.3%) and IncHI2 (6.3%) replicons. One isolate harbored mcr-1.1 on the chromosome. Various extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (bla SHV-12, bla CTX-M-1, bla CTX-M-15, bla TEM-30, bla TEM-52, and bla TEM-135) and quinolone resistance genes (qnrS1, qnrB19, and chromosomal gyrA, parC, and parE mutations) were present in the mcr-1.1-positive E. coli. A total of 49 sequence types (ST) were identified, ST354, ST359, ST48, and ST617 predominating. One isolate, identified as ST189, belonged to atypical enteropathogenic E. coli. Our findings show that mcr-1.1 has spread widely among production animals in Poland, particularly in turkeys and appears to be transferable mainly by IncX4 and IncHI2 plasmids spread across diverse E. coli lineages. Interestingly, most of these mcr-1-positive E. coli would remain undetected using phenotypic methods with the current epidemiological cut-off value (ECOFF). The appearance and spread of mcr-1 among various animals, but notably in turkeys, might be considered a food chain, and public health hazard.

Project description:The efficacy of antiretroviral drugs is limited by the development of drug resistance. Therefore, it is important to examine HIV drug resistance following the nationwide implementation of drug resistance testing in China since 2009. We conducted drug resistance testing in patients who were already on or new to HIV antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Shandong Province, China, from 2011 to 2013, and grouped them based on the presence or absence of drug resistance to determine the effects of age, gender, ethnicity, marital status, educational level, route of transmission and treatment status on drug resistance. We then examined levels of drug resistance the following year. The drug resistance rates of HIV patients on ART in Shandong from 2011 to 2013 were 3.45% (21/608), 3.38% (31/916), and 4.29% (54/1259), per year, respectively. M184V was the most frequently found point mutation, conferring resistance to the nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, while Y181C, G190A, K103N and V179D/E/F were the most frequent point mutations conferring resistance to the non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor. In addition, the protease inhibitor drug resistance mutations I54V and V82A were identified for the first time in Shandong Province. Primary resistance accounts for 20% of the impact factors for drug resistance. Furthermore, it was found that educational level and treatment regimen were high-risk factors for drug resistance in 2011 (P<0.05), while treatment regimen was a high risk factor for drug resistance in 2012 and 2013 (P<0.05). Among the 106 drug-resistant patients, 77 received immediate adjustment of treatment regimen following testing, and 69 (89.6%) showed a reduction in drug resistance the following year. HIV drug resistance has a low prevalence in Shandong Province. However, patients on second line ART regimens and those with low educational level need continuous monitoring. Active drug resistance testing can effectively prevent the development of drug resistance.

Dataset Information

Occurrence and Molecular Characteristics of Mcr-1-Positive Escherichia coli from Healthy Meat Ducks in Shandong Province of China.

Publications

Occurrence and Molecular Characteristics of <i>Mcr-1</i>-Positive <i>Escherichia coli</i> from Healthy Meat Ducks in Shandong Province of China.

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