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Deciphering the Pharmacological Properties of Methanol Extract of Psychotria calocarpa Leaves by In Vivo, In Vitro and In Silico Approaches.

ABSTRACT: The present study explores the neuropharmacological, antinociceptive, antidiarrheal, antioxidant, thrombolytic and cytotoxic activity of methanol extract of Psychotria calocarpa leaves (MEPC). In anxiolytic activity testing of MEPC by elevated plus maze test, hole-board test and light-dark test, the extract exhibited a dose-dependent reduction of anxiety while the open field test observed a decreased locomotion. The administration of MEPC revealed a significant dose-dependent reduction of depressant behavior in forced swimming and tail suspension test. Additionally, the antinociceptive and antidiarrheal activity exposed a significant reduction of nociception and diarrheal behavior at the highest dose. In addition, a strong antioxidant activity was observed in DPPH-free radical-scavenging assay (IC50 = 461.05 ?g/mL), total phenol content (118.31 ± 1.12 mg) and total flavonoid content (100.85 ± 0.97 mg). The significant clot-lysis activity was also observed with moderate toxicity (LC50 = 247.92 ?g/mL) level in the lethality assay of brine shrimp. Moreover, in silico molecular docking study showed that the compound Psychotriasine could offer promising active site interactions for binding proteins. Furthermore, ADME/T and toxicological properties of the compound satisfied the Lipinski's rule of five and Veber rules for drug-like potential and toxicity level. Overall, MEPC had a potential neuropharmacological, antinociceptive, antidiarrheal and antioxidant activity that warranted further investigation.

SUBMITTER: Bristy TA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7463710 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Deciphering the Pharmacological Properties of Methanol Extract of <i>Psychotria calocarpa</i> Leaves by In Vivo, In Vitro and In Silico Approaches.

Bristy Tahmina Akter TA Barua Niloy N Montakim Tareq Abu A Sakib Shahenur Alam SA Etu Saida Tasnim ST Chowdhury Kamrul Hasan KH Jyoti Mifta Ahmed MA Aziz Md Arfin Ibn MA Reza A S M Ali ASMA Caiazzo Elisabetta E Romano Barbara B Tareq Syed Mohammed SM Tareq Syed Mohammed SM Emran Talha Bin TB Capasso Raffaele R

Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) 20200806 8

The present study explores the neuropharmacological, antinociceptive, antidiarrheal, antioxidant, thrombolytic and cytotoxic activity of methanol extract of <i>Psychotria calocarpa</i> leaves (MEPC). In anxiolytic activity testing of MEPC by elevated plus maze test, hole-board test and light-dark test, the extract exhibited a dose-dependent reduction of anxiety while the open field test observed a decreased locomotion. The administration of MEPC revealed a significant dose-dependent reduction of ...[more]

PMID: 32781707

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Project description:Dacryodes edulis (G. Don) H.J. Lam) is the most popular species under the genus Dacryodes. It is well known for its nutritional and ethno-medicinal uses in South-eastern and South-western Nigeria. This study was aimed to evaluate the toxicity of the aqueous-methanol fraction of crude methanol extract of Dacryodes edulis leaves (AMDE). The test rats were randomized to groups of single oral treatment of AMDE (10-5000 mg/kgbw) for the acute toxicity study. They were monitored for obvious signs of behavioural change and mortality. For the subacute toxicity study, the rats were randomized to three daily treatment groups (of 200, 400 and 600 mg/kgbw of AMDE) for 28 days. The fourth group (control) received 2.5 %v/v DMSO. At the end of the experiment, blood samples were collected for hematology and clinical chemistry evaluation. The histopathology of the livers and kidneys were assessed using the excised organs. The cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of AMDE were also evaluated using Allium cepa model. The result showed that acute administration of AMDE, up to a dose of 5000 mg/kgbw did not result in mortality of the test rats. The observed median lethal dose (LD50) was greater than 5000 mg/kgbw. The subacute oral administration of AMDE for 28 days showed no significant (p > 0.05) effect on liver function, kidney function indices, organ - body weight ratio, but significantly (p < 0.05) decreased erythrocytic indices: red blood cells, haematocrit, and haemoglobin at 600 mg/kgbw. The Allium cepa assay revealed a non-significant reduction in mitotic index and low chromosomal aberrations of the treated groups. In conclusion, the aqueous-methanol solvent fraction of methanol extract of Dacryodes edulis leaves, AMDE is relatively safe. However, there are strong indications that it may contain compounds that are cytotoxic and reduces erythrocytic indices including red blood cells at high doses. Thus, adequate care should be taken in dosing and administering the extract to avert anaemic condition.

Dataset Information

Deciphering the Pharmacological Properties of Methanol Extract of Psychotria calocarpa Leaves by In Vivo, In Vitro and In Silico Approaches.

Publications

Deciphering the Pharmacological Properties of Methanol Extract of <i>Psychotria calocarpa</i> Leaves by In Vivo, In Vitro and In Silico Approaches.

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