Dataset Information

Child Feeding Practice and Primary Health Care as Major Correlates of Stunting and Underweight among 6- to 23-Month-Old Infants and Young Children in Food-Insecure Households in Ethiopia.

ABSTRACT: Background:Child undernutrition is a major public health problem in Ethiopia. Stunting is highest in food-insecure areas and insufficient evidence may impair the design of suitable interventions. Objectives:This study aimed to identify key factors contributing to undernutrition among 6- to 23-mo-old children. Methods:A community-based cross-sectional study in food-insecure areas of Amhara and Oromia regions in April-June, 2018, enrolled 464 mother-child dyads. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted. Results:The prevalence of stunting (43.1%), wasting (12.3%), and underweight (27.3%) were high. Factors significantly associated with both stunting and underweight were child age of 12-23 mo (vs 6-11 mo), female, more siblings, lack of zinc supplement for diarrhea, inadequate diet diversity, and lack of iodized salt in complementary food. Conclusions: Our findings support the need to emphasize appropriate child feeding practices and iodized salt utilization. Improvement of primary health care services related to micronutrient supplementation and family spacing also are important to address child undernutrition in the study area.

SUBMITTER: Tafese Z

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7475004 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Child Feeding Practice and Primary Health Care as Major Correlates of Stunting and Underweight among 6- to 23-Month-Old Infants and Young Children in Food-Insecure Households in Ethiopia.

Tafese Zelalem Z Reta Alemayehu Fikadu F Anato Anchamo A Berhan Yifru Y Stoecker Barbara J BJ

Current developments in nutrition 20200822 9

<h4>Background</h4>Child undernutrition is a major public health problem in Ethiopia. Stunting is highest in food-insecure areas and insufficient evidence may impair the design of suitable interventions.<h4>Objectives</h4>This study aimed to identify key factors contributing to undernutrition among 6- to 23-mo-old children.<h4>Methods</h4>A community-based cross-sectional study in food-insecure areas of Amhara and Oromia regions in April-June, 2018, enrolled 464 mother-child dyads. Bivariate and ...[more]

PMID: 32923922

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Project description:Background:Stunting and anemia are long-standing public health challenges which adversely affects the cognitive development and physical wellbeing of children in low income settings. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and associated factors of stunting and anemia among 6-23?months old children in Damot Sore District, Southern Ethiopia. Methods:Cross-sectional survey was conducted among 477 children aged 6-23?months, which were living in Damot Sore District, in April 2017. A multistage sampling technique was used. Villages were randomly selected and systematic random sampling method was used to select study participants. Data on socio-demographic, anthropometric, dietary, blood samples for hemoglobin were collected. Data were entered into EPI Data V. 3.1 and exported into SPSS Version 21.0 for analysis. A principal component analysis (PCA) was done to generate wealth score of households. Binary logistic regression model was used to identify factors associated with the outcome variables (stunting and anemia) separately, those variables having less than a p-value of 0.25 were chosen as candidate for multivariable analyses and finally multivariable logistic regression model was used to identify independent variables of each outcomes, with statistical significance set at p?<?0.05 (95% confidence interval (CI)). Results:Out of 477 children studied, 31.7% were stunted and 52% were anemic. In the multivariable analyses, the number of under five children within a household (AOR?=?4.18, 95% CI: 2.65-6.57), drinking water from unsafe source (AOR?=?4.08, 95% CI: 1.33-12.54) and anemia (AOR?=?3.13, 95% CI 2.00-4.92) were factors significantly associated with stunting. On the other hand, independent variables of anemia were early initiation of complementary feeding (AOR?=?2.96, 95% CI: 1.23-4.85), poor dietary diversity (AOR?=?2.95, 95% CI: 1.78-4.91), poor breast feeding practice (AOR?=?2.94, 95% CI: 1.63-5.32) and stunting (AOR?=?3.65, 95% CI: 2.15-6.19). Conclusion:This study revealed higher level of stunting and anemia among children aged 6-23?months than WHO (world health organization) criteria of public health importance. Sustainable promotion of diversified diet, optimal complementary feeding, optimal and complementary breast feeding practices, improving sanitation infrastructure are measures needed to tackle these severe public health challenges.

Project description:BackgroundImmunization is one of modern medicine's greatest achievements in the last three decades. Annually it can prevent nearly 2 to 3 million deaths. Understanding the determinants of effective immunization coverage is a critical undertaking. Accordingly, we set out to check the best available evidence of outstanding predictors of immunization coverage among children aged 12-23 months in Ethiopia.MethodElectronic databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, HINARI, and SCOPUS, Web of Science, African Journals Online, Ethiopian Medical Journals were searched. The search process, study selection, critical appraisal, and data extraction were done independently by two reviewers using Joanna Briggs Institute Meta-analysis for Review Instrument (JBI-MAStARI). The difference between reviewers was resolved with a third person. The risk of bias was assessed by the Newcastle Ottawa Tool for observational studies. Data were extracted using the Microsoft Excel checklist and exported to STATA 13. Heterogeneity was assessed using I2, Funnel plot and Egger's test was used to check for publication bias.ResultsWe identified 26 studies with 15,042 children with mothers/caretakers to assess factors associated with immunization coverage and significant factors were: maternal formal education, (OR = 2.45; 95% CI: 1.62-3.72), paternal formal education, (OR = 1.01; 95% CI: 0.27-3.77), residence, (OR = 2.11; 95% CI: 1.00-4.45), birth at health facility (OR = 1.86; 95% CI: 0.99-3.49), family size less than four, (OR = 1.81; 95% CI: 1.16-2.84), knowledge on age of immunization to be completed (OR = 6.18;95% CI: 3.07-12.43), knowledge on immunization schedule (OR = 2.49; 95% CI: 1.35-4.59), time to travel to health faculties, (OR = 1.74; 95% CI: 0.62-4.89), antennal care, (OR = 3.11; 95% CI: 1.64-5.88), and tetanus toxoid vaccination, (OR = 4.82; 95% CI: 2.99-7.75).ConclusionOur findings showed that literacy, residence, awareness, family size, maternal health services use, and proximity of the health facilities were factors associated with full immunization. This implies that there is a need for primary health service expansion and health education to "hard to reach areas" to improve immunization coverage for children aged 12-23 months.

Project description:BackgroundThe burden of malnutrition in children under five remains an important child health issue where significant regional variations are observed in Ethiopia. The main aim of the current study was to explore the spatial distribution of stunting, wasting, and underweight in children under five in Ethiopia.MethodsThe secondary data from EDHS, 2016, was employed, and a total of 7960 under-five children were included in the analysis. The general spatial analysis was performed to explore the spatial distribution of malnutrition among under-five within and between the regions of Ethiopia. The Spatial Lag and Spatial Error models were used to examine the spatial dependence between stunting, wasting, and being underweight. The Geographically weighted regression analysis was performed to estimate the types and strength of relationships between malnutrition and associated determinant factors across the regions and within the clusters or Zones of each region.ResultsAmong the under-five children included in the study, 36.6% were stunted, 12.2% were wasted and 25.2% were underweight. The Global Moran Index's value indicates (Stunting, I = 0.3135, p-value < 0.00001, Wasting, I = 0.1948, p-value < 0.0001 and Underweight, I = 0.5291, p-value < 0.0001) that there was a significant spatial variation of malnutrition across the regions and Zones of Ethiopia. The significant source of spatial variation of malnutrition in children under five was associated with the mother's education level, drinking water facility, toilet facilities, number of children under-five in the household, household's wealth index, breastfeeding duration of the child, child size at birth, Body Mass Index of Mothers (BMI), region, and place of residence.ConclusionsThe spatial association and spatial patterns of stunting, wasting, and being underweight were clustered within and between the regions of Ethiopia. The hotspot areas of stunting, wasting, and being underweight were detected in the regions where there were poor health facilities and limited socioeconomic indicators.

Dataset Information

Child Feeding Practice and Primary Health Care as Major Correlates of Stunting and Underweight among 6- to 23-Month-Old Infants and Young Children in Food-Insecure Households in Ethiopia.

Publications

Child Feeding Practice and Primary Health Care as Major Correlates of Stunting and Underweight among 6- to 23-Month-Old Infants and Young Children in Food-Insecure Households in Ethiopia.

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