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Repurposing Fragile X Drugs to Inhibit SARS-CoV-2 Viral Reproduction.

ABSTRACT: The COVID-19 pandemic is a global health crisis that requires the application of interdisciplinary research to address numerous knowledge gaps including molecular strategies to prevent viral reproduction in affected individuals. In response to the Frontiers Research Topic, "Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): Pathophysiology, Epidemiology, Clinical Management, and Public Health Response," this Hypothesis article proposes a novel therapeutic strategy to repurpose metabotropic glutamate 5 receptor (mGluR5) inhibitors to interfere with viral hijacking of the host protein synthesis machinery. We review pertinent background on SARS-CoV-2, fragile X syndrome (FXS) and metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) and provide a mechanistic-based hypothesis and preliminary data to support testing mGluR5 inhibitors in COVID-19 research.

SUBMITTER: Westmark CJ

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7479061 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Repurposing Fragile X Drugs to Inhibit SARS-CoV-2 Viral Reproduction.

Westmark Cara J CJ Kiso Maki M Halfmann Peter P Westmark Pamela R PR Kawaoka Yoshihiro Y

Frontiers in cell and developmental biology 20200826

The COVID-19 pandemic is a global health crisis that requires the application of interdisciplinary research to address numerous knowledge gaps including molecular strategies to prevent viral reproduction in affected individuals. In response to the Frontiers Research Topic, "<i>Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): Pathophysiology, Epidemiology, Clinical Management, and Public Health Response</i>," this Hypothesis article proposes a novel therapeutic strategy to repurpose metabotropic glutamate 5 recep ...[more]

PMID: 32984339

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Project description:Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 or SARS-CoV-2 is a virus that belongs to the Coronaviridae family. This group of viruses commonly causes colds but possesses a tremendous pathogenic potential. In humans, an outbreak of SARS caused by the SARS-CoV virus was first reported in 2003, followed by 2012 when the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) led to an outbreak of Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS). Moreover, COVID-19 represents a serious socioeconomic and global health problem that has already claimed more than four million lives. To date, there are only a handful of therapeutic options to combat this disease, and only a single direct-acting antiviral, the conditionally approved remdesivir. Since there is an urgent need for active drugs against SARS-CoV-2, the strategy of drug repurposing represents one of the fastest ways to achieve this goal. An in silico drug repurposing study using two methods was conducted. A structure-based virtual screening of the FDA-approved drug database on SARS-CoV-2 main protease was performed, and the 11 highest-scoring compounds with known 3CLpro activity were identified while the methodology was used to report further 11 potential and completely novel 3CLpro inhibitors. Then, inverse molecular docking was performed on the entire viral protein database as well as on the Coronaviridae family protein subset to examine the hit compounds in detail. Instead of target fishing, inverse docking fingerprints were generated for each hit compound as well as for the five most frequently reported and direct-acting repurposed drugs that served as controls. In this way, the target-hitting space was examined and compared and we can support the further biological evaluation of all 11 newly reported hits on SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro as well as recommend further in-depth studies on antihelminthic class member compounds. The authors acknowledge the general usefulness of this approach for a full-fledged inverse docking fingerprint screening in the future.

Dataset Information

Repurposing Fragile X Drugs to Inhibit SARS-CoV-2 Viral Reproduction.

Publications

Repurposing Fragile X Drugs to Inhibit SARS-CoV-2 Viral Reproduction.

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