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Virus and chlorine adsorption onto guanidine modified cellulose nanofibers using covalent and hydrogen bonding.

ABSTRACT: Unsafe drinking water leads to millions of human deaths each year, while contaminated wastewater discharges are a significant threat to aquatic life. To relieve the burden of unsafe water, we are in search of an inexpensive material that can adsorb pathogenic viruses from drinking water and adsorb toxic residual chlorine from wastewater. To impart virus and chlorine removal abilities to cellulosic materials, we modified the primary hydroxyl group with a positively charged guanidine group, to yield guanidine modified cellulose derivatives. Microcrystalline cellulose (MC) bearing covalently bonded guanidine hydrochloride (MC-G_C) and hydrogen-bonded guanidine hydrochloride (MC-G_H) were synthesized, and electrospun into nanofibers after blending with the non-ionogenic polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), to produce large pore sized, high surface area membranes. The MC-G_C/PVA and MC-G_H/PVA nanofibers were stabilized against water dissolution by crosslinking with glutaraldehyde vapor. The water-stable MC-G_C/PVA mats were able to remove more than 4 logs of non-enveloped porcine parvovirus (PPV) and enveloped Sindbis virus and reached 58% of chlorine removal. The MC-G_C/PVA nanofibers demonstrated better performance for pathogen removal and dechlorination than MC-G_H/PVA nanofibers. This first study of MC-G_C/PVA electrospun mats for virus removal shows they are highly effective and merit additional research for virus removal.

SUBMITTER: Mi X

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7500341 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Virus and chlorine adsorption onto guanidine modified cellulose nanofibers using covalent and hydrogen bonding.

Mi Xue X Albukhari Soha M SM Heldt Caryn L CL Heiden Patricia A PA

Carbohydrate research 20200918

Unsafe drinking water leads to millions of human deaths each year, while contaminated wastewater discharges are a significant threat to aquatic life. To relieve the burden of unsafe water, we are in search of an inexpensive material that can adsorb pathogenic viruses from drinking water and adsorb toxic residual chlorine from wastewater. To impart virus and chlorine removal abilities to cellulosic materials, we modified the primary hydroxyl group with a positively charged guanidine group, to yie ...[more]

PMID: 32980718

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Project description:The electrospinning of highly concentrated solutions of cyclodextrin (CD) leads to bead-free nanofibers without the need of a polymeric carrier. The occurrence of numerous hydrogen bonds among CD molecules is the main driving force for their electrospinning, and hence, additives with hydrogen-bonding potential can disturb the aggregation of CD molecules and affect their electrospinning. In this study, we systematically investigated the influence of five different hydrogen-bonding additives, i.e., methylamine (MA), ethylenediamine (ED), urea, 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol (TFE), and 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP), on the solution behavior of hydroxypropyl-β-CD (HP-β-CD) by rheology, conductivity, and NMR analyses, and the morphology of the electrospun HP-β-CD nanofibers by scanning electron microscopy. The 1H NMR chemical shifts of the HP-β-CD protons in D2O were observed with the incorporation of hydrogen-bonding molecules due to the occurrence of intermolecular associations between HP-β-CD and additives. Dynamic light scattering measurements revealed a clear decrease in the aggregate size with the introduction of additives. Unlike other additives, which showed a general decreasing trend in viscosity with increasing additive content, the addition of MA led to a significant increase in the viscosity with increasing concentration and gave rise to HP-β-CD nanofibers at lower concentrations. The addition of low concentrations of ED, urea, TFE, and HFIP led to thinner nanofibers due to the lower viscosity of the respective solutions. Increasing additive content deteriorated the electrospinnability of HP-β-CD solutions, resulting in beaded fibers. A systematic relationship was found between the solution viscosity and morphology of the respective electrospun fibers. Overall, this study, for the first time, reports the influence of hydrogen bonding on the polymer-free electrospinning of CD molecules and shows a correlation between solution properties and morphology of their electrospun nanofibers.

Dataset Information

Virus and chlorine adsorption onto guanidine modified cellulose nanofibers using covalent and hydrogen bonding.

Publications

Virus and chlorine adsorption onto guanidine modified cellulose nanofibers using covalent and hydrogen bonding.

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