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Lifetime prevalence and age-of-onset distributions of mental disorders in the Saudi National Mental Health Survey.

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVES:To estimate lifetime prevalence of mental disorders in the Saudi National Mental Health Survey (SNMHS). METHODS:The SNMHS is a face-to-face community epidemiological survey in a nationally representative household sample of citizens ages 15-65 in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) (n = 4,004). The World Health Organization (WHO) Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) was used to estimate lifetime prevalence of common DSM-IV mental disorders. RESULTS:Estimated lifetime prevalence of any DSM-IV/CIDI disorder is 34.2% and lifetime morbid risk is 38.0%. Anxiety disorders are by far the most prevalent (23.2%) followed by disruptive behavior (11.2%), mood (9.3%), eating (6.1%), and substance use (4.0%) disorders. Synthetic estimates of cohort effects suggest that prevalence of many disorders has increased in recent cohorts. Onsets typically occur in childhood for a number of anxiety and disruptive behavior disorders and in adolescence or early adulthood for most other disorders, although age-of-onset distributions for drug abuse is much later (median age of 31) than in CIDI surveys carried out in other high-income countries. CONCLUSIONS:Lifetime mental disorders are highly prevalent in Saudi Arabia and typically have early ages-of-onset.

SUBMITTER: Altwaijri YA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7507419 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Lifetime prevalence and age-of-onset distributions of mental disorders in the Saudi National Mental Health Survey.

Altwaijri Yasmin A YA Al-Subaie Abdullah S AS Al-Habeeb Abdulhameed A Bilal Lisa L Al-Desouki Majid M Aradati Maggie M King Andrew J AJ Sampson Nancy A NA Kessler Ronald C RC

International journal of methods in psychiatric research 20200815 3

<h4>Objectives</h4>To estimate lifetime prevalence of mental disorders in the Saudi National Mental Health Survey (SNMHS).<h4>Methods</h4>The SNMHS is a face-to-face community epidemiological survey in a nationally representative household sample of citizens ages 15-65 in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) (n = 4,004). The World Health Organization (WHO) Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) was used to estimate lifetime prevalence of common DSM-IV mental disorders.<h4>Results</h4>E ...[more]

PMID: 33245595

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Project description:ObjectivesTo study socioeconomic inequalities in mental health in rural and urban Colombia, a country with a history of internal conflict and large socioeconomic inequalities. Recent survey data are available to study this understudied topic in a middle-income country.MethodsUsing data from 9656 respondents from the 2015 Colombian Mental Health survey, we investigated the association between lifetime prevalence of depressive and anxiety disorders and quality of dwellings and access to public services housing score (HS). We calculated the relative index of inequality (RII) and slope index of inequality (SII) for HS in urban and rural areas, adjusting for potential confounders and mediating factors.OutcomesThe lifetime prevalence of anxiety and depression (combined) was 9.6% in urban versus 6.9% in rural areas (p<0.001). HS was not associated with prevalence of anxiety and depression in urban settings, whereas a higher HS (poorer housing quality) was associated with fewer mental disorders in rural areas in both univariate and multivariate models (multivariate RIIurban0.96 (95% CI 0.51 to 1.81); RIIrural0.11 (95% CI 0.04 to 0.32)). In rural areas, the prevalence of mental health problems was 12% points lower in persons living in the poorest quality dwellings than in those living in high-quality dwellings (SII -0.12 (95% CI -0.18 to -0.06)). Interestingly, within rural areas, persons living in 'populated centres' (small towns, villages) had a higher lifetime prevalence of any mental health disorder (9.8% (95%?CI 6.9 to 13.6)) compared with those living in more isolated, dispersed areas (6.0% (95%?CI 4.6 to 7.7)).InterpretationIn rural Colombia, those living in the poorest houses and in dispersed areas had a lower prevalence of mental health problems. Further understanding of this phenomenon of a seemingly inverse association of prevalence of mental disorders with poverty and/or urbanisation in rural areas is needed. Particularly, considering the progressive urbanisation process in Colombia, it is important to monitor mental health in populations migrating to the cities.

Dataset Information

Lifetime prevalence and age-of-onset distributions of mental disorders in the Saudi National Mental Health Survey.

Publications

Lifetime prevalence and age-of-onset distributions of mental disorders in the Saudi National Mental Health Survey.

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