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Risk to human health related to the presence of perfluoroalkyl substances in food.


ABSTRACT: The European Commission asked EFSA for a scientific evaluation on the risks to human health related to the presence of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in food. Based on several similar effects in animals, toxicokinetics and observed concentrations in human blood, the CONTAM Panel decided to perform the assessment for the sum of four PFASs: PFOA, PFNA, PFHxS and PFOS. These made up half of the lower bound (LB) exposure to those PFASs with available occurrence data, the remaining contribution being primarily from PFASs with short half-lives. Equal potencies were assumed for the four PFASs included in the assessment. The mean LB exposure in adolescents and adult age groups ranged from 3 to 22, the 95th percentile from 9 to 70 ng/kg body weight (bw) per week. Toddlers and 'other children' showed a twofold higher exposure. Upper bound exposure was 4- to 49-fold higher than LB levels, but the latter were considered more reliable. 'Fish meat', 'Fruit and fruit products' and 'Eggs and egg products' contributed most to the exposure. Based on available studies in animals and humans, effects on the immune system were considered the most critical for the risk assessment. From a human study, a lowest BMDL 10 of 17.5 ng/mL for the sum of the four PFASs in serum was identified for 1-year-old children. Using PBPK modelling, this serum level of 17.5 ng/mL in children was estimated to correspond to long-term maternal exposure of 0.63 ng/kg bw per day. Since accumulation over time is important, a tolerable weekly intake (TWI) of 4.4 ng/kg bw per week was established. This TWI also protects against other potential adverse effects observed in humans. Based on the estimated LB exposure, but also reported serum levels, the CONTAM Panel concluded that parts of the European population exceed this TWI, which is of concern.

SUBMITTER: EFSA Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain (EFSA CONTAM Panel) 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7507523 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Risk to human health related to the presence of perfluoroalkyl substances in food.

Schrenk Dieter D   Bignami Margherita M   Bodin Laurent L   Chipman James Kevin JK   Del Mazo Jesús J   Grasl-Kraupp Bettina B   Hogstrand Christer C   Hoogenboom Laurentius Ron LR   Leblanc Jean-Charles JC   Nebbia Carlo Stefano CS   Nielsen Elsa E   Ntzani Evangelia E   Petersen Annette A   Sand Salomon S   Vleminckx Christiane C   Wallace Heather H   Barregård Lars L   Ceccatelli Sandra S   Cravedi Jean-Pierre JP   Halldorsson Thorhallur Ingi TI   Haug Line Småstuen LS   Johansson Niklas N   Knutsen Helle Katrine HK   Rose Martin M   Roudot Alain-Claude AC   Van Loveren Henk H   Vollmer Günter G   Mackay Karen K   Riolo Francesca F   Schwerdtle Tanja T  

EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority 20200917 9


The European Commission asked EFSA for a scientific evaluation on the risks to human health related to the presence of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in food. Based on several similar effects in animals, toxicokinetics and observed concentrations in human blood, the CONTAM Panel decided to perform the assessment for the sum of four PFASs: PFOA, PFNA, PFHxS and PFOS. These made up half of the lower bound (LB) exposure to those PFASs with available occurrence data, the remaining contribution be  ...[more]

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