Characterizing Patients with Uncontrolled Blood Pressure at an Urban Hospital in Hanoi, Vietnam
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Nguyen H
PROVIDER: S-EPMC7508216 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jan
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Similar Datasets
Project description:Urban livestock provides an important source of food and income, but it may increase the risks for disease transmission. Vectors, such as mosquitoes, might increase and thereby cause an enhanced transmission of infectious diseases, such as dengue fever; considered the most important mosquito-borne viral disease globally. This cross-sectional study evaluated the awareness of dengue fever and investigated how the presence of dengue vectors is affected by the keeping of livestock in urban households in the city of Hanoi, Vietnam. From February to March 2018, during the season of lowest occurrence of dengue in Hanoi, 140 households were interviewed, of which 69 kept livestock. A general trend was observed; respondents living in the Dan Phuong district, a peri-urban district, had better knowledge and practice regarding dengue as compared to the urban Ha Dong district. In total, 3899 mosquitoes were collected and identified, of which 52 (1.33%) were Aedes species. A significant difference between the two districts was observed, with more households in Ha Dong having Aedes spp. mosquitoes (p = 0.02) and a higher incidence of dengue fever (p = 0.001). There was no significant association between livestock-rearing and the presence of Aedes spp. mosquitoes (p = 0.955), or between livestock-rearing and the incidence of dengue fever (p = 0.08). In conclusion, this study could not find any indication that households keeping livestock were at higher risk of dengue virus infections in Hanoi during the season of lowest occurrence of dengue, but clearly indicated the need of more information provided to urban inhabitants, particularly on personal protection.
| S-EPMC6879131 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Diseases caused by flaviviruses, including dengue fever and Japanese encephalitis, are major health problems in Vietnam. This cross-sectional study explored the feasibility of domestic dogs as sentinels to better understand risks of mosquito-borne diseases in Hanoi city. A total of 475 dogs serum samples from 221 households in six districts of Hanoi were analyzed by a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA) for antibodies to the pr-E protein of West Nile virus and other flaviviruses due to cross-reactivity. The overall flavivirus seroprevalence in the dog population was 70.7% (95% CI = 66.4-74.8%). At the animal level, significant associations between seropositive dogs and district location, age, breed and keeping practice were determined. At the household level, the major risk factors were rural and peri-urban locations, presence of pigs, coil burning and households without mosquito-borne disease experience (p < 0.05). Mosquito control by using larvicides or electric traps could lower seropositivity, but other measures did not contribute to significant risk mitigation of flavivirus exposure in dogs. These results will support better control of mosquito-borne diseases in Hanoi, and they indicate that dogs can be used as sentinels for flavivirus exposure.
| S-EPMC8003331 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global public health concern for both clinical and veterinary medicine. Rodent feces are one of the major infectious sources of zoonotic pathogens including AMR bacteria. So far, there are limited studies reported focused on Escherichia coli isolated in rodent feces from rural and suburban areas in Vietnam. In this study, we investigated the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in E. coli isolated from feces samples of 144 urban rodents caught in Hanoi, Vietnam. A total of 59 AMR E. coli was isolated from urban rodents of which 42 were multidrug-resistant (MDR) isolates (resistance to at least three classes of antimicrobial agents), four were extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producing isolates and five were colistin-resistant isolates. The highest prevalence of the resistance was against ampicillin (79.7%: 47/59), followed by tetracycline (78.0%: 46/59), nalidixic acid (67.8%: 40/59), sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (59.3%: 35/59), chloramphenicol (45.8%: 27/59), ciprofloxacin (44.1%: 26/59), cefotaxime (30.5%: 18/59), cefodizime (23.7%: 14/59), amoxicillin-clavulanate (22.0%: 13/59), and gentamicin (22.0%: 13/59). With regard to the virulence genes associated with diarrheagenic E. coli (DEC), only aaiC gene found in one AMR isolate. In general, the use of antimicrobials does not aim to treat rodents except for companion animals. However, our findings show the carriage of AMR and MDR E. coli in urban rodents and highlight the potential risk of rodents in Hanoi acting as a reservoir of transferable MDR E. coli, including ESBL-producing, colistin-resistant E. coli, and virulence-associated with DEC.
| S-EPMC7273608 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Knowledge of adult dengue virus (DENV) infection from Hanoi, Vietnam, is limited. In 2008, we prospectively studied 143 (77 male) confirmed (nonstructural 1 antigen enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [ELISA], DENV polymerase chain reaction, paired serology) adult dengue patients of median age 23.5 (range 16-72) years. They were admitted to the National Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Hanoi, on median illness day (D) 5 (range 1-8). By D8, 141 (98.6%) were afebrile. Platelet counts and hematocrit (median, interquartile range [IQR]) nadired and peaked on D5 and D4, respectively: 40,000/μL (10,000-109,000/μL), 43.4% (34.9-49.7%). Four (2.8%) patients had severe dengue: 1) D10 shock (N = 1) and 2) aspartate aminotransferase (AST) ≥ 1,000 IU/L (N = 3, D5 and D7). Of 143 patients, 118 (82.5%) had ≥ 1 warning sign (World Health Organization [WHO] 2009 criteria): mucosal bleeding 66/143 (46.1%), soft tissue edema 54/143 (37.7%), and ultrasound detected plasma leakage (pleural effusions/ascites) 30/129 (23.25%). 138 (96.5%) patients received intravenous (IV) fluids: 3 L (IQR: 0.5-8.5 L). Most patients had non-severe dengue with warning signs. High rates of edema and plasma leakage may be explained partly by liberal use of IV fluids. Studies are needed on optimizing fluid management in non-severe adult dengue.
| S-EPMC4458817 | biostudies-literature
Project description:IntroductionIntrapartum-related events account for nearly 700,000 neonatal deaths globally yearly. Endotracheal intubation is a cornerstone in preventing many of these deaths, but it is a difficult skill to acquire. Previous studies have described intubation performances in high-income countries, but data from low- and middle-income countries are lacking. We aimed to assess the performance of delivery room intubation in a lower middle-income country.MethodsThis prospective observational study was conducted at the Phu San Hanoi Hospital, Vietnam, from September 2020 to January 2021. Video cameras were positioned above the resuscitation tables and data were extracted using adopted software (NeoTapAS). All neonates requiring positive pressure ventilation were included. Our main variables of interest were time to first intubation attempt, first intubation attempt duration, and successful first intubation attempt.Results18,107 neonates were born during the five months. Of these, 75 (0.4%) received positive pressure ventilation, and 36 (0.2%) required endotracheal intubation of whom 24 were captured on video. The median time to the first intubation attempt was 252 seconds (range 91-771 seconds), the median first attempt duration was 49 seconds (range 10-105 seconds), and the first attempt success rate was 75%.ConclusionIncidences of positive pressure ventilation and endotracheal intubation were low in comparison to global estimates. Three out of four intubations were successful at the first attempt and the procedural duration was often longer than recommended. Future studies should focus on how to achieve and maintain intubation skills and could include considering alternative devices for airway management at birth.
| S-EPMC9723915 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Residue concentrations of fifteen antibiotics including sulfonamides, quinolones, macrolides, β-lactams, and trimethoprim in lakes from Hanoi metropolitan area, Vietnam, were analyzed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC/MS-MS) to elucidate their occurrence and behavior in urban environment. For surface water, the average concentrations of five antibiotic classes decreased in the order: sulfonamides (117.9 ng/L) > β-lactams (31.28 ng/L) > quinolones (20.19 ng/L) > macrolides (17.74 ng/L) > trimethoprim (8.93 ng/L). While the highest concentration of SMX was detected at 806.5 ng/L in surface water, those obtained in sediment were only at 1.35 ng/g because of their high solubility in water. Quinolones were found at a maximal concentration of 158.7 ng/L for OFL in water phase whereas those in sediment phase were 4,017 ng/g due to their great affinity in sediment. These findings revealed the different fate and release mechanisms of each antibiotic group in the environment. The ecological risk assessment implied some targeted compounds, and in particular, OFL and AZM could pose high risks to algae in the aquatic ecosystem.
| S-EPMC7972860 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BACKGROUND:Many studies have indicated the detrimental effect of ambient ozone to respiratory health in different countries. The levels of ozone in Hanoi, Vietnam are frequently above the WHO guideline but very few studies on the effects of ambient ozone on human health have been conducted in this location. This study aimed to examine the effects of ozone on hospital admission for respiratory diseases in Hanoi, by diseases, ages and seasons. METHODS:Hospital admissions, air pollutants and meteorological data were collected from January 2010 to June 2014. We used generalized linear models and distributed lag linear model to assess the association. In addition to full year analysis, we conducted restricted analysis of the data for two summer (from June-August) and winter (from December-February) seasons and grouped hospital admissions by diseases and ages (all ages, children 0 to 5 years and elderly >65 years). The delayed effect of ozone was assessed using lags of up to 5 days. RESULTS:Ozone has a stronger effect on the risk of hospital admission for respiratory diseases and wheeze-associated disorders in the winter. For respiratory diseases, children were affected by ozone more than other age groups in both winter and summer. Each increase of 10 ?g/m3 of ozone is associated with an increase of 6.2% risk of admission for respiratory disease among children in the winter and 1.2% in the summer. For wheeze-associated disorders, the elderly group seemed to be more affected by ozone in full year and winter but no significant association was found between ozone and admission for wheeze-associated diseases in any age group. CONCLUSIONS:Ozone is a risk factor for respiratory admission, especially amongst children under 5 years old in Hanoi, and ozone has a stronger effect in the winter than in the summer in this city.
| S-EPMC6152873 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The burden of uncontrolled hypertension in Low-and-Middle Income Countries (LMICs) is high, with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases and chronic renal failure in these settings.To assess the factors associated with uncontrolled blood pressure control in a cross-section of Ghanaian hypertensive subjects involved in an on-going multicenter epidemiological study aimed at improving access to hypertension treatment.A cross-sectional study involving 2,870 participants with hypertension with or without diabetes who were enrolled at 5 hospitals in Ghana (2 tertiary, 2 district and 1 rural hospital). Data on demographics, medical history, lifestyle factors, anti-hypertensive medications and treatment adherence were collected. The 14-item version of the Hill-Bone compliance to high blood pressure therapy scale was used to assess adherence to treatment in 3 domains namely adherence to medications, salt intake and clinic appointments. Questionnaires on knowledge, attitudes and practices on hypertension, sources of antihypertensive medications and challenges with accessing these medications were also administered. Blood pressure, weight and height were measured for each subject at enrollment. Factors associated with uncontrolled blood pressure (>140/90mmHg) were assessed using a multivariate logistic regression model.The mean ± SD age of study participants was 58.9 ± 16.6 years, with a female preponderance (76.8%). Among study participants, 1,213 (42.3%) study participants had blood pressure measurements under control. Factors that remained significantly associated with uncontrolled blood pressure with adjusted OR (95% CI) included receiving therapy at a tertiary level of care: 2.47 (1.57-3.87), longer duration of hypertension diagnosis: 1.01 (1.00-1.03), poor adherence to therapy: 1.21 (1.09-1.35) for each 5 points higher score on the Hill-Bone scale, reported difficulties in obtaining antihypertensive medications: 1.24 (1.02-1.49) and number of antihypertensive medications prescribed: 1.32 (1.21-1.44).We have found high rates of uncontrolled blood pressure among Ghanaian patients with hypertension accessing healthcare in public institutions. The system-level and individual-level factors associated with poor blood pressure control should be addressed to improve hypertension management among Ghanaians.
| S-EPMC5858765 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background:Hypertension is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among non-communicable diseases. The rate of blood pressure (BP) control among hypertensive patients is poor and the reasons for poor control of BP remain poorly understood globally. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the magnitude and determinants of uncontrolled blood pressure among adult hypertensive patients on follow-up at Nekemte referral hospital (NRH). Methods:A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from February to April 2018 at NRH. BP control status was determined by the average consecutive BP recordings across the 3 months. The data was entered and analyzed using SPSS version 20.0 and p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results:Out of 297 study participants included, the majority were females, 181 (60.9%), and the mean age of the patients was 59.4 ±10.4 years. About half, 137 (46.12%), of the patients had at least one comorbidity and the most common class of anti-hypertensive medication was angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (88.2%). The mean of systolic blood pressure was 132.41± 15.61mmHg, while the mean of diastolic blood pressure was 84.37± 9.32 mmHg. The proportion of participants with optimally controlled BP was 63.6% and 36% were adherent to their medications. Male sex (Adjusted Odd Ratio [AOR]: 1.89, 95% CI: 1.09-4.84), illiteracy (AOR= 1.56, 95% CI: 1.22-6.78), duration of hypertension diagnosis > 10 years (AOR= 2.01, 95% CI: 1.04-16.11), non-adherence (AOR= 3.14, 95% CI: 1.35-10.76) and lack of physical exercise (AOR= 2.8, 95% CI: 1.16-6.74) were positively associated with uncontrolled BP status. Whereas age older than 55 years (AOR= 0.38, 95% CI: 0.11-0.92) was negatively associated with uncontrolled BP. Conclusion:BP control was relatively achieved in about two-third of pharmacologically treated patients. We recommend better health education and care of patients to improve the rate of BP control status.
| S-EPMC7183335 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundFever of unknown origin (FUO) is a challenge for clinicians treating patients with HIV/AIDS. CD4 counts can be helpful in the diagnosis and treatment. This study aimed to determine several common etiologies of FUO stratified by CD4 count levels in HIV/AIDS patients.MethodsA cross-sectional retrospective and prospective study was conducted in 195 HIV/AIDS patients with FUO admitted to the National Hospital for Tropical Diseases from January 2016 to June 2019. Clinical parameters, immune status, and etiologies for each patient were recorded. Odds ratios were calculated to compare the distributions of common etiologies in groups with two different CD4 count levels: < 50 cells/mm3 and ≥ 50 cells/mm3.ResultsThe proportions of opportunistic infections and noninfectious etiologies were 93.3% and 3.6%, respectively. Tuberculosis was the most common opportunistic infection (46.7%), followed by talaromycosis (29.2%) and Pneumocystis jiroveci (PCP) infection (20.5%). Tuberculosis was predominant in all CD4 level groups. Most patients with talaromycosis had CD4 counts below 50 cells/mm3. In total, 53.8% of the patients were infected by one pathogen. The risks of tuberculosis and talaromycosis in FUO-HIV patients were high when their CD4 counts were below 50 cells/mm3.ConclusionsOpportunistic infections, especially tuberculosis, are still the leading cause of FUO in HIV/AIDS patients. Tuberculosis and Talaromyces marneffei (TM) infection should be considered in patients with CD4 cell counts < 50 cells/mm3. This study implies that guidelines for appropriate testing to identify the etiology of FUO in HIV/AIDS patient based on the CD4 cell count should be developed, thereby reducing resource waste.
| S-EPMC8764815 | biostudies-literature