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Calvarial bone grafts to augment the alveolar process in partially dentate patients: a prospective case series.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Calvarial bone grafts as a pre-implant augmentation procedure are mostly used to reconstruct the edentulous maxilla, although calvarial grafts could also be used in the partially dentate patients needing extensive bone grafting. METHODS:In 7 consecutive partially dentate patients needing bone grafting because of a large bony defect as a result of trauma (n?=?1), oligodontia (n?=?1), failed previous bone augmentation (n?=?1), or atrophy (n?=?4), the alveolar process was reconstructed with calvarial bone as a pre-implant procedure. RESULTS:A total of 30 implants was placed either immediate at the time of bone grafting (13 implants) or after a healing time of 4?months when immediate placement was not possible (17 implants). One wound dehiscence occurred that needed secondary intervention. During follow-up (40?±?14?months), one implant was lost due to peri-implantitis with an infected osteosynthesis screw. Marginal peri-implant bone loss was 0.65?±?0.47?mm during this period. CONCLUSION:Calvarial bone is a sound extra-oral donor site when aiming for reconstruction of a large bony defect of the alveolar process of partially dentate patients.

SUBMITTER: Yousif A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7511493 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Calvarial bone grafts to augment the alveolar process in partially dentate patients: a prospective case series.

Yousif Ahmed A Raghoebar Gerry M GM Putters Thomas F TF Vissink Arjan A Schortinghuis Jurjen J

International journal of implant dentistry 20200924 1

<h4>Background</h4>Calvarial bone grafts as a pre-implant augmentation procedure are mostly used to reconstruct the edentulous maxilla, although calvarial grafts could also be used in the partially dentate patients needing extensive bone grafting.<h4>Methods</h4>In 7 consecutive partially dentate patients needing bone grafting because of a large bony defect as a result of trauma (n = 1), oligodontia (n = 1), failed previous bone augmentation (n = 1), or atrophy (n = 4), the alveolar process was ...[more]

PMID: 32968949

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Project description:Mesenchymal stem cells sheets have been verified as a promising non-scaffold strategy for bone regeneration. Alveolar bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, derived from neural crest, have the character of easily obtained and strong multi-differential potential. However, the bone regenerative features of alveolar bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells sheets in the craniofacial region remain unclear. The purpose of the present study was to compare the osteogenic differentiation and bone defect repairment characteristics of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells sheets derived from alveolar bone (alveolar bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells) and iliac bone (Lon-bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells) in vitro and in vivo. Histology character, osteogenic differentiation, and osteogenic gene expression of human alveolar bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and Lon-bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were compared in vitro. The cell sheets were implanted in rabbit calvarial defects to evaluate tissue regeneration characteristics. Integrated bioinformatics analysis was used to reveal the specific gene and pathways expression profile of alveolar bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Our results showed that alveolar bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells had higher osteogenic differentiation than Lon-bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Although no obvious differences were found in the histological structure, fibronectin and integrin ?1 expression between them, alveolar-bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells sheet exhibited higher mineral deposition and expression levels of osteogenic marker genes. After being transplanted in the rabbit calvarial defects area, the results showed that greater bone volume and trabecular thickness regeneration were found in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells sheet group compared to Lon-bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells group at both 4?weeks and 8?weeks. Finally, datasets of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells versus Lon-bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, and periodontal ligament mesenchymal stem cells (another neural crest derived mesenchymal stem cells) versus umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells were analyzed. Total 71 differential genes were identified by overlap between the 2 datasets. Homeobox genes, such as LHX8, MKX, PAX9, MSX, and HOX, were identified as the most significantly changed and would be potential specific genes in neural crest mesenchymal stem cells. In conclusion, the Al-bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells sheet-based tissue regeneration appears to be a promising strategy for craniofacial defect repair in future clinical applications.

Dataset Information

Calvarial bone grafts to augment the alveolar process in partially dentate patients: a prospective case series.

Publications

Calvarial bone grafts to augment the alveolar process in partially dentate patients: a prospective case series.

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