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Data mining: The association of 2-h postprandial plasma glucose with the fasting plasma glucose in a large Chinese population.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:It is generally believed that the lower limit of postprandial plasma glucose is the same or higher than that of fasting plasma glucose (FPG). This study aimed to investigate the relationship between 2-h postprandial plasma glucose (2-hPG) and FPG. Insulin sensitivity and ?-cell function were also evaluated. METHODS:Analytical data from January 2013 to August 2018 included 10 465 participants' 2-h OGTT results and 19 518 participants' FPG and 2-hPG values after autonomous self-feeding. Participants were divided into two groups based on the relationship between FPG and 2-hPG (OGTT-A1/Postprandial-B1:FPG > 2-hPG;OGTT-A2/Postprandial-B2:FPG ? 2-hPG).Insulin sensitivity was evaluated by Matsuda index and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). ?-cell function was estimated by homeostasis model assessment of ?-cell function (HOMA-?) and early-phase insulin secretion index (?I30/?G30). RESULTS:The ratio of OGTT-A1 and OGTT-A2 is 11.1%; the ratio of postprandial B1 and postprandial B2 is 13.7%. HOMA-IR and HOMA-? values were lower, while Matsuda index and ?I30/?G30 values were higher in the non-diabetic OGTT-A1 group than those in the OGTT-A2 group. The value of Matsuda index in women was 0.368 times higher than that in men in group OGTT-A1. In group OGTT-A2, the values of HOMA-IR (0.346), HOMA-? (9.096), and ?I30/?G30 (3.575) in women were lower, higher, and higher than those in men, respectively. Both HOMA-? and ?I30/?G30 decreased with age in OGTT groups. CONCLUSION:It existed that FPG was >2-hPG, and this group had better insulin sensitive and ?-cell function. The influence of age on insulin sensitivity and ?-cell function was greater than that of gender.

SUBMITTER: Sun D

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7521326 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Data mining: The association of 2-h postprandial plasma glucose with the fasting plasma glucose in a large Chinese population.

Sun Dandan D Li Dandan D Yu Songlin S Zhang Kai K Cheng Xinqi X

Journal of clinical laboratory analysis 20200602 9

<h4>Background</h4>It is generally believed that the lower limit of postprandial plasma glucose is the same or higher than that of fasting plasma glucose (FPG). This study aimed to investigate the relationship between 2-h postprandial plasma glucose (2-hPG) and FPG. Insulin sensitivity and β-cell function were also evaluated.<h4>Methods</h4>Analytical data from January 2013 to August 2018 included 10 465 participants' 2-h OGTT results and 19 518 participants' FPG and 2-hPG values after autonomou ...[more]

PMID: 32484250

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Project description:BackgroundCurrently, diabetes has become one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels that are higher than optimal, even if below the diagnostic threshold of diabetes, can also lead to increased morbidity and mortality. Here we intend to study the magnitude of the genetic influence on FPG variation by conducting structural equation modelling analysis and to further identify specific genetic variants potentially related to FPG levels by performing a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in Chinese twins.ResultsThe final sample included 382 twin pairs: 139 dizygotic (DZ) pairs and 243 monozygotic (MZ) pairs. The DZ twin correlation for the FPG level (rDZ = 0.20, 95% CI: 0.04-0.36) was much lower than half that of the MZ twin correlation (rMZ = 0.68, 95% CI: 0.62-0.74). For the variation in FPG level, the AE model was the better fitting model, with additive genetic parameters (A) accounting for 67.66% (95% CI: 60.50-73.62%) and unique environmental or residual parameters (E) accounting for 32.34% (95% CI: 26.38-39.55%), respectively. In the GWAS, although no genetic variants reached the genome-wide significance level (P < 5 × 10- 8), 28 SNPs exceeded the level of a suggestive association (P < 1 × 10- 5). One promising genetic region (2q33.1) around rs10931893 (P = 1.53 × 10- 7) was found. After imputing untyped SNPs, we found that rs60106404 (P = 2.38 × 10- 8) located at SPATS2L reached the genome-wide significance level, and 216 SNPs exceeded the level of a suggestive association. We found 1007 genes nominally associated with the FPG level (P < 0.05), including SPATS2L, KCNK5, ADCY5, PCSK1, PTPRA, and SLC26A11. Moreover, C1orf74 (P = 0.014) and SLC26A11 (P = 0.021) were differentially expressed between patients with impaired fasting glucose and healthy controls. Some important enriched biological pathways, such as β-alanine metabolism, regulation of insulin secretion, glucagon signaling in metabolic regulation, IL-1 receptor pathway, signaling by platelet derived growth factor, cysteine and methionine metabolism pathway, were identified.ConclusionsThe FPG level is highly heritable in the Chinese population, and genetic variants are significantly involved in regulatory domains, functional genes and biological pathways that mediate FPG levels. This study provides important clues for further elucidating the molecular mechanism of glucose homeostasis and discovering new diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for diabetes.

Project description:BACKGROUND:Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) is an easily quantifiable and inexpensive metabolic marker, which is often used to assess cardiovascular disease and diabetes. However, there have been limited studies on the association between FPG and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) risk in nonobese people, especially in Chinese individuals. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between FPG and NAFLD in nonobese Chinese people with normal blood lipid levels. METHODS:In this prospective cohort study, 9767 nonobese participants with normal blood lipid levels without NAFLD were recruited and prospectively followed for 5 years. The Cox proportional hazard model was used to evaluate the risk factors of NAFLD. Moreover, a Cox model with cubic spline functions and smooth curve fitting (the cubic spline smoothing) were used to identify the nonlinear association between FPG and NAFLD. RESULTS:During the 5-year follow-up, 841 (8.61%) participants were diagnosed with NAFLD. The good functional results (without NAFLD) estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method for 1 year, 2 years, 3 years, 4 years, and 5 years were 98.84, 95.35, 91.67%, 87.57 and 74.86%, respectively. Additionally, through the Cox proportional hazard model, after adjusting for other covariates, there was an independent positive correlation between FPG and increased NAFLD risk (HR:1.21, 95% CI:1.15-1.28, P?<?0.0001), and the NAFLD risk was incrementally higher with the rising FPG quartile. The nonlinear association between FPG and NAFLD was visualized by cubic spline smoothing technique. It was calculated that the inflection point of FPG was 5.54. When FPG???5.54, there was a positive correlation between FPG and the risk of NAFLD (HR:2.20, 95% CI:1.78-2.73, P?<?0.0001). When FPG?>?5.54, the risk of NAFLD increased by 50% (HR:1.10, 95% CI:1.02-1.18, P?=?0.0159) compared with the left side of the inflection point and gradually leveled off. CONCLUSIONS:In a nonobese Chinese population with normal lipid levels, there is an independent nonlinear association between FPG and NAFLD, and the increase in FPG may indicate an increased risk of NAFLD. Additionally, this independent association is more obvious in the short stature population.

Project description:Background and Objectives: The gut microbiota has been increasingly recognized as a relevant factor associated with metabolic diseases. However, directly measuring the microbiota composition is a limiting factor for several studies. Therefore, using genetic variables as proxies for the microbiota composition is an important issue. Landmark microbiome-host genome-wide association studies (mbGWAS) have identified many SNPs associated with gut microbiota. Our aim was to analyze the association between relevant microbiome-related genetic variants (Mi-RSNPs) and fasting glucose and type 2 diabetes in a Mediterranean population, exploring the interaction with Mediterranean diet adherence. Materials and Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study in a high-cardiovascular-risk Mediterranean population (n = 1020), analyzing the association of Mi-RSNPs (from four published mbGWAS) with fasting glucose and type 2 diabetes. A single-variant approach was used for fitting fasting glucose and type 2 diabetes to a multivariable regression model. In addition, a Mendelian randomization analysis with multiple variants was performed as a sub-study. Results: We obtained several associations between Mi-RSNPs and fasting plasma glucose involving gut Gammaproteobacteria_HB, the order Rhizobiales, the genus Rumminococcus torques group, and the genus Tyzzerella as the top ranked. For type 2 diabetes, we also detected significant associations with Mi-RSNPs related to the order Rhizobiales, the family Desulfovibrionaceae, and the genus Romboutsia. In addition, some Mi-RSNPs and adherence to Mediterranean diet interactions were detected. Lastly, the formal Mendelian randomization analysis suggested combined effects. Conclusions: Although the use of Mi-RSNPs as proxies of the microbiome is still in its infancy, and although this is the first study analyzing such associations with fasting plasma glucose and type 2 diabetes in a Mediterranean population, some interesting associations, as well as modulations, with adherence to the Mediterranean diet were detected in these high-cardiovascular-risk subjects, eliciting new hypotheses.

Dataset Information

Data mining: The association of 2-h postprandial plasma glucose with the fasting plasma glucose in a large Chinese population.

Publications

Data mining: The association of 2-h postprandial plasma glucose with the fasting plasma glucose in a large Chinese population.

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