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In Vitro Activities of Eravacycline and Other Antimicrobial Agents against Human Mycoplasmas and Ureaplasmas.

ABSTRACT: We performed in vitro susceptibility testing for eravacycline in comparison to 4 other antimicrobials against 10 Mycoplasma genitalium, 40 Mycoplasma hominis, 44 Mycoplasma pneumoniae, 20 Ureaplasma parvum, and 20 Ureaplasma urealyticum isolates. All eravacycline MICs were??0.25??g/ml, except that for one isolate of M. genitalium, for which the MIC was 2??g/ml. Eravacycline was markedly more potent than tetracycline, azithromycin, moxifloxacin, and clindamycin against all isolates tested, which included 37 macrolide, tetracycline, and/or fluoroquinolone-resistant organisms.

SUBMITTER: Waites KB

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7526834 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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In Vitro Activities of Eravacycline and Other Antimicrobial Agents against Human Mycoplasmas and Ureaplasmas.

Waites Ken B KB Crabb Donna M DM Xiao Li L Duffy Lynn B LB Leal Sixto M SM

Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 20200722 8

We performed in vitro susceptibility testing for eravacycline in comparison to 4 other antimicrobials against 10 Mycoplasma genitalium, 40 Mycoplasma hominis, 44 Mycoplasma pneumoniae, 20 Ureaplasma parvum, and 20 Ureaplasma urealyticum isolates. All eravacycline MICs were ≤0.25 μg/ml, except that for one isolate of M. genitalium, for which the MIC was 2 μg/ml. Eravacycline was markedly more potent than tetracycline, azithromycin, moxifloxacin, an ...[more]

PMID: 32513794

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Project description:BackgroundIn China multidrug-resistant bacteria pose a considerable threat to public health. Antimicrobial resistance has weakened the effectiveness of many medicines widely used today. Thus, discovering new antibacterial drugs is paramount in the effort to treat emerging drug-resistant bacteria.MethodsEravacycline, tigecycline and other clinical routine antibiotics were tested by reference broth micro-dilution method against 336 different strains collected from 11 teaching hospitals in China between 2012 and 2016. These isolates included Enterobacteriaceae, non-fermentative, Staphylococcus spp., Enterococcus, and a number of fastidious organisms. The strains involved in this study possess the most important drug resistance characteristics currently known in China. Drug resistant bacteria such as those producing extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) and carbapenemases (KPC-2 and NDM-1), and those exhibiting colistin resistance (mcr-1) and tigecycline were included in this study. Additionally, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), β-lactamase positive Haemophilus influenzae, and penicillin resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae (PRSP) were also included.ResultsEravacycline exhibited good efficacy against all the strains tested, especially for organisms with ESBLs, carbapenemases, and mcr-1 gene compared with tigecycline and other antibiotics tested. The MIC values of eravacycline against carbapenemase producing Enterobacteriaceae and OXA-23-producing A. baumannii were much lower than the MIC values of other antibiotics. MRSA, VRE, β-lactamase positive Haemophilus influenza, and PRSP were sensitive to eravacycline in every strain tested. Furthermore, in most strains tested, the MICs of eravacycline were two to four-fold lower than the MICs of tigecycline.ConclusionsEravacycline has shown potent antibacterial activity against common and clinically important antibiotic-resistant pathogens. The MIC distribution of eravacycline was generally lower than that of tigecycline which demonstrates that this new drug is potentially more effective than the existing medications.

Project description:The study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of medicinal plant extracts against the bacterial pathogens prominent in dental caries. A total of 20 plant species (herbs, shrubs and trees) belonging to 18 genera and 15 families were documented for dental caries. Antimicrobial activity of solvent extracts and essential oil from plants were determined by zone of inhibition on the growth of Streptococcus mutans (MTCC 497) and Lactobacillus acidophilus (MTCC 10307) using the agar well diffusion method. The results of in vitro antimicrobial assay prove that methanol is more successful in the extraction of phytochemicals from plant samples than aqueous solvent, as methanol extracts show higher antimicrobial activity than aqueous extracts against both the test pathogens. Methanol extracts of Nigella sativa, Psidium guajava and Syzygium aromaticum were the most effective among all 20 plant samples and have potent inhibitory activity against both dental caries pathogens with minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.2 mg mL- 1. N. sativa seed methanol extract was more effective with 22.3 mm zone of inhibition at 0.2 mg mL- 1 against S. mutans (MTCC 497), while L. acidophilus (MTCC 10307) was more sensitive to S. aromaticum bud methanol extract at 11.3 mm zone of inhibition at concentration 0.1 mg mL- 1. Essential oil extracted from plants also possesses strong antimicrobial activity for both test pathogens, with a minimum inhibitory concentration range of 0.05-0.16 mg mL- 1. Syzygium aromaticum bud essential oil at 0.05 mg mL- 1 was most active against S. mutans (MTCC 497). Plant extracts viewing antimicrobial activity with minimum inhibitory concentration show the efficacy of the plant products that could be considered as a good indicator of prospective plants for discovering new antimicrobial agents against dental caries pathogens. The findings of this study provide a lead to further polyherbal formulations for the treatment of dental caries malaise.

Dataset Information

In Vitro Activities of Eravacycline and Other Antimicrobial Agents against Human Mycoplasmas and Ureaplasmas.

Publications

<i>In Vitro</i> Activities of Eravacycline and Other Antimicrobial Agents against Human Mycoplasmas and Ureaplasmas.

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